Intrauterine Inflammation, Excessive Fetal Growth and Respiratory Morbidities in Moderate-To-Late Preterm Neonates.

Introduction: Respiratory morbidities in neonates are often progressive and life-threatening, and its early prediction is crucial. Intrauterine inflammation is one of the key control variables of respiratory morbidities in both very preterm and term neonates; however, little is known about its effects in the remaining group of moderate-to-late preterm neonates born between 32+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation. This study aimed to confirm whether intrauterine inflammation is associated with respiratory morbidities in moderate-to-late preterm neonates.

Influence of Intrauterine Inflammation, Delivery, and Postnatal Feeding on the Temporal Changes of Serum Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein Levels in Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Infants.

Infection remains the primary cause of death in extremely-low-birth-weight infants (ELBWIs). Alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (α1AG), an acute-phase protein, has been shown to be elevated in sporadic cases of septic ELBWIs prior to abnormal clinical signs. To delineate the roles of inflammation, delivery, and feeding in postnatal α1AG changes in ELBWIs, 75 ELBWIs of 26.

Oxidative and Inflammatory Markers Are Higher in Full-Term Newborns Suffering Funisitis, and Higher Oxidative Markers Are Associated with Admission.

The aim of this study was to assess whether oxidative and inflammatory mediators in the cord blood of newborns with funisitis and chorioamnionitis can serve as indicators of their inflammatory status, and whether there is a positive association between higher mediator levels and an increased risk of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This study was conducted prospectively in a neonatology department of a university hospital. In total, 52 full-term newborns were evaluated, including 17 funisitis cases, 13 chorioamnionitis cases, and 22 control newborns without funisitis or chorioamnionitis.

Influence of foetal inflammation on the development of meconium aspiration syndrome in term neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid.

Background: Meconium-stained amniotic fluid is observed in approximately 10-15% of all deliveries; however, only 5% of neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid develop meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Although foetal distress and subsequent sympathetic stimulation have been considered as the primary upstream events of MAS, this clinical complication sometimes occurs due to other pathologies, such as intraamniotic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of MAS is associated with the presence of funisitis and chorioamnionitis in term neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid.

Factors predicting contralateral hematoma growth after unilateral drainage of bilateral chronic subdural hematoma.

OBJECTIVE Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common form of intracranial hemorrhage with a recurrence rate of 9.2%-26.5% after bur hole surgery.

Magnetic resonance imaging findings predict the recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma.

The exact predictive factors for postoperative recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) are still unknown. Based on the preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), low recurrence rate of T1-hyperintensity hematoma was previously reported. We investigated the other types of radiological findings which are related to the recurrence rate of CSDH in large number of patients analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model.

Generation of rejuvenated antigen-specific T cells by reprogramming to pluripotency and redifferentiation.

Adoptive immunotherapy with functional T cells is potentially an effective therapeutic strategy for combating many types of cancer and viral infection. However, exhaustion of antigen-specific T cells represents a major challenge to this type of approach. In an effort to overcome this problem, we reprogrammed clonally expanded antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells from an HIV-1-infected patient to pluripotency.

Serial ultrasonographic observation of bilateral thalami in low birth weight infants with periventricular leukomalacia.

Periventricular leukomalacia is a major form of neuropathology in preterm infants that is associated with adverse motor and cognitive outcomes. The volume of periventricular white matter and corpus callosum has been reported to be diminished in infants with PVL, and the degree of the volume loss is correlated with the severity of neurological impairment. The thalamic index was calculated from the length, height, width of the thalamus, and thalamic volume was calculated using the formula for an ovoid in 62 low birth weight infants with gestational ages of 24-35weeks, 51 control infants (cerebral palsy, 1 case), and 11 infants diagnosed with PVL (cerebral palsy, 7 cases) at postnatal days0-70.

Influence of premature rupture of membrane on the cerebral blood flow in low-birth-weight infant after the delivery.

Cerebral white matter injury, usually called periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), is the most common form of injury to preterm infants that is associated with adverse motor and cognitive outcomes. Intrauterine infection may be an important etiological factor in PVL, and premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) can be identified antepartum. In order to investigate the pathophysiology of cerebral white matter injury induced by PROM, the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of the internal carotid artery and the vertebral artery was measured by neck ultrasonography.