A dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Vibrio cholerae can demetallate heme.

Iron is an essential element for bacterial survival. Bacterial pathogens have therefore developed methods to obtain iron. Vibrio cholerae, the intestinal pathogen that causes cholera, utilizes heme as an iron source.

Comparison of nasal nitric oxide levels between the inferior turbinate surface and the middle meatus in patients with symptomatic allergic rhinitis.

Background: Because of the anatomical complexity and the high output of the human nose, it has been unclear whether nasal nitric oxide (NO) serves as a reliable marker of allergic rhinitis (AR). We examined whether nasal NO levels in the inferior turbinate (IT) surface and the middle meatus (MM) differ in symptomatic AR patients.

Methods: We measured fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) and nasal NO in normal subjects (n = 50) and AR patients with mild symptoms (n = 16) or moderate or severe symptoms (n = 27).

Comparison of Nasal Nitric Oxide Levels between the Inferior Turbinate Surface the Middle Meatus in Patients with Symptomatic Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Because of the anatomical complexity and the high output of the human nose, it has been unclear whether nasal nitric oxide (NO) serves as a reliable marker of allergic rhinitis (AR). We examined whether nasal NO levels in the inferior turbinate (IT) surface and the middle meatus (MM) differ in symptomatic AR patients.

Methods: We measured fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) and nasal NO in normal subjects (n = 50) and AR patients with mild symptoms (n = 16) or moderate or severe symptoms (n = 27).

Spectral properties of plant leaves pertaining to urban landscape design of broad-spectrum solar ultraviolet radiation reduction.

Human exposure to harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation has important public health implications. Actual human exposure to solar UV radiation depends on ambient UV irradiance, and the latter is influenced by ground reflection. In urban areas with higher reflectivity, UV exposure occurs routinely.