Age-related differences in glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, humeral retrotorsion angle, and posterior shoulder tightness in baseball players.

Background: Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit is generally recognized as a risk factor for throwing disability in baseball players. However, the pathology, timing of onset, role in the onset of humeral retrotorsion angle (HTA) and soft tissue extensibility (STE), and the relationship with age remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate age-related glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, HTA, and STE in Japanese baseball players and determine whether these factors correlate with throwing disability.

Clinical Hip Osteoarthritis in Current and Former Professional Footballers and Its Effect on Hip Function and Quality of Life.

The objective of the study was to establish the prevalence of clinical hip osteoarthritis in current and former professional footballers and to explore its consequences on hip function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A cross-sectional study by means of questionnaire was conducted among current and former professional footballers fulfilling the following inclusion criteria: (1) male (2) active or retired professional footballer (3) member of FIFPRO (Football Players Worldwide) (4) between 18 and 50 years old (5) could read and understand texts in French, Spanish, or English. Controls (matched for: gender, age, body weight and height) were also recruited.

Ankle osteoarthritis and its association with severe ankle injuries, ankle surgeries and health-related quality of life in recently retired professional male football and rugby players: a cross-sectional observational study.

Objectives: To determine (1) the prevalence of ankle osteoarthritis (OA) among former professional football and rugby players, (2) assess the association between ankle injuries or ankle surgeries with ankle OA, and (3) compare the mental and physical quality of life (QoL) between former professional football and rugby players with and without OA.

Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based observational study with a cross-sectional design. Former professional football and rugby players were recruited by the Football Players Worldwide and the International Rugby Players.

Knee osteoarthritis in professional football is related to severe knee injury and knee surgery.

Background: As a consequence of severe knee injuries, knee osteoarthritis (OA) seems prevalent in retired professional footballers. However, some epidemiological data remain missing, for instance whether knee OA is also prevalent in current professional footballers, whether knee OA is associated with knee injuries and surgeries, and whether knee OA leads to a lower level of functioning. Therefore, three research questions were answered: (i) what is the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) among current and retired professional footballers? (ii) is severe knee injury or knee surgery associated with knee OA among current and retired professional footballers? (iii) what are the consequences of knee OA on physical knee function among current and retired professional footballers?

Methods: An observational study based on a cross-sectional design by means of questionnaires was conducted.

Lower extremity osteoarthritis is associated with lower health-related quality of life among retired professional footballers.

Objective: The objective of the current study was to explore whether retired professional footballers suffering from lower extremity OA have a lower health-related quality of life than those without OA or current professional footballers.

Methods: An observational study based on a cross-sectional design by means of questionnaires was conducted. Participants were retired and current professional footballers recruited by the World Players' Union (FIFPro).

Symptoms of common mental disorders and related stressors in Danish professional football and handball.

The aim of the study was twofold, namely (i) to determine the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMDs) among current and retired professional football and handball players and (ii) to explore the relationship of psychosocial stressors with the outcome measures under study. A total of 1155 players were enrolled in an observational study based on a cross-sectional design. Questionnaires based on validated scales were set up and distributed among current and retired professional football and handball players by the Danish football and handball players' union.

A history of concussions is associated with symptoms of common mental disorders in former male professional athletes across a range of sports.

Objective: Recent reports suggest that exposure to repetitive concussions in sports is associated with an increased risk of symptoms of distress, anxiety and depression, sleep disturbance or substance abuse/dependence (typically referred as symptoms of common mental disorders[CMD]) and of later development of neurodegenerative disease, in particular chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The primary aim of this study was to explore the relationship between sports career-related concussions and the subsequent occurrence of symptoms of CMD among former male professional athletes retired from football (soccer), ice hockey and rugby (union).

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were performed on baseline electronic questionnaires from three prospective cohort studies among former male professional athletes retired from football (soccer), ice hockey and rugby (union).

Are Level of Education and Employment Related to Symptoms of Common Mental Disorders in Current and Retired Professional Footballers?

Background: Mental disorders have become a topic of increasing interest in research due to their serious consequences for quality of life and functioning.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship of level of education, employment status and working hours with symptoms of common mental disorders (distress, anxiety/depression, sleep disturbance, adverse alcohol behaviour, smoking, adverse nutritional behaviour) among current and retired professional footballers.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on baseline questionnaires from an ongoing prospective cohort study among current and retired professional footballers.

A 12-Month Prospective Cohort Study of Symptoms of Common Mental Disorders Among European Professional Footballers.

Objective: To determine the 12-month incidence and comorbidity of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMD) among European professional footballers and to explore the association of potential stressors with the health conditions under study among those European professional footballers.

Design: Observational prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 12 months.

Participants: Male professional footballers from 5 European countries (n = 384 at baseline).

Osteoarthritis is associated with symptoms of common mental disorders among former elite athletes.

Purpose: The primary aim was to establish the association between osteoarthritis (OA) and the occurrence and comorbidity of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMD: distress, anxiety/depression, sleep disturbance, adverse alcohol use) in a group of former elite athletes (rugby, football, ice hockey, Gaelic sports and cricket). A secondary aim was to explore this association in the subgroups of sports.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was performed on the baseline questionnaires from five prospective cohort studies conducted between April 2014 and January 2016 in former elite athletes of rugby, football, ice hockey, Gaelic sports and cricket.

Prevalence and determinants of symptoms related to mental disorders in retired male professional footballers.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms related to mental disorders (distress, anxiety/depression, sleep disturbance, adverse alcohol behavior, adverse smoking behavior, adverse nutrition behavior) among retired professional footballers, and to explore their associations with stressors, i.e. determinants such as severe injury, surgery, life events and career dissatisfaction.

Symptoms of Common Mental Disorders and Adverse Health Behaviours in Male Professional Soccer Players.

To present time, scientific knowledge about symptoms of common mental disorders and adverse health behaviours among professional soccer players is lacking. Consequently, the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders (distress, anxiety/depression, sleep disturbance) and adverse health behaviours (adverse alcohol behaviour, smoking, adverse nutrition behaviour) among professional soccer players, and to explore their associations with potential stressors (severe injury, surgery, life events and career dissatisfaction). Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on baseline questionnaires from an ongoing prospective cohort study among male professional players.

Symptoms of Common Mental Disorders in Professional Football (Soccer) Across Five European Countries.

Evidence on the prevalence of symptoms related to distress, anxiety/depression or substance abuse/dependence, - typically referred to as symptoms of common mental disorders (CMD) - is lacking in European professional football (soccer). The aims of the present study were to investigate the prevalence of symptoms related to CMD (distress, anxiety/depression, sleeping disturbance, adverse alcohol behaviour, and adverse nutrition behaviour) in professional footballers from five European countries, and to explore associations of the outcome measures under study with life events and career dissatisfaction. A cross-sectional design was used.

Are severe musculoskeletal injuries associated with symptoms of common mental disorders among male European professional footballers?

Purpose: To explore the associations of severe musculoskeletal injuries (joint and muscles) and surgeries with symptoms of common mental disorders (distress, anxiety/depression, sleeping disturbance, adverse alcohol behaviour , smoking, adverse nutrition behaviour) among male European professional footballers.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on electronic questionnaires completed by professional footballers recruited from the national players' unions of Finland, France, Norway, Spain or Sweden. The number of severe (time loss of more than 28 days) musculoskeletal injuries (total, joint, muscle) and surgeries during a professional football career was examined through four questions, while symptoms of common mental disorders were evaluated through validated scales.

Microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation facilitates regeneration of injured skeletal muscle in mice.

Conservative therapies, mainly resting care for the damaged muscle, are generally used as a treatment for skeletal muscle injuries (such as muscle fragmentation). Several past studies reported that microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation (MENS) facilitates a repair of injured soft tissues and shortens the recovery period. However, the effects of MENS on the regeneration in injured skeletal muscle are still unclear.

Peroneal spastic flatfoot in adolescents with accessory talar facet impingement: a preliminary report.

This study analyzed imaging, arthroscopic findings, and treatment responses for peroneal spastic flatfoot (PSFF) caused by talocalcaneal impingement at the accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) (accessory talar facet impingement) in 13 adolescents without histories of trauma and tarsal coalition. The AALTF was determined with computed tomography and MRI. Focal abutting bone marrow edema (FABME) on MRI around the AALTF was confirmed.

Sagittal Alignment of Spine and Spinal Cord for Upper Cervical Irreducible Atlantoaxial Kyphosis in Elderly Patients.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate clinical and radiographic outcome of posterior decompression and occipito-cervical/thoracic (OCT) fusion in patients with irreducible atlantoaxial kyphosis (IAK).

Summary Of Background Data: Posterior OCT fusion is an effective surgical procedure for treating IAK in the elderly.

A 15-year prospective epidemiological account of acute traumatic injuries during official professional soccer league matches in Japan.

Background: Few prospective epidemiological studies on soccer match injuries have collected continuous data using subjects from the same group.

Purpose: To investigate long-term injury-induced changes during official matches in the professional Japanese soccer league.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study.

Dynamic component of sports is an important determinant factor of heart rate recovery.

Objective: It is usually suggested that life expectancy of top athletes especially in endurance sports is longer than that of sedentary people. On the other hand, heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality, but differences in HRR between various top athletes are unclear. We examined HRR in various top athletes to clarify a role of HRR that may affect their life expectancy.

Incidence of injury among adolescent soccer players: a comparative study of artificial and natural grass turfs.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of acute injuries and soccer-related chronic pain from long-term training and during matches in adolescent players using natural grass turfs (NT) and artificial turfs (AT).

Design: Case-controlled prospective study.

Setting: Institutional-level Fédération Internationale de Football Association Medical Centre of Excellence.

An experimental study on initial fixation strength in transpedicular screwing augmented with calcium phosphate cement.

Study Design: An experimental study.

Objective: To clarify the optimal insertion timing of transpedicular screws when the initial fixation strength reaches in maximum as calcium phosphate cement (CPC) hardens, in cases augmented by CPC to the vertebrae.

Summary Of Background Data: CPC goes easily into the bone trabeculae and excels in the bone compatibility.

Functional overloading facilitates the regeneration of injured soleus muscles in mice.

The effect of functional overloading on the regenerating process of injured skeletal muscle was investigated in 10-week-old male mice (C57BL/6J). Functional overloading on soleus of both hindlimbs was performed by cutting the distal tendons of plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles for 2 weeks before cardiotoxin (CTX) injection as the preconditioning and also during 10 weeks of recovery. To activate the necrosis-regeneration cycle, 0.

Radiographic method to measure the inclination angle of the acetabulum.

Background: Various attempts have been made to assess the inclination angle of the acetabulum utilizing new imageprocessing technologies to enable three-dimensional reconstruction of the acetabulum. However, reliability of these methods has not been estimated in comparison with anatomical measurements. This study developed a geometric method for measuring the acetabular inclination with radiograms and evaluated the reliability of this method by comparing the anatomically measured acetabular inclination angle of the same dry pelvic bone.