Social inequalities in availability of health-promoting interventions in Québec elementary schools.

Availability of health-promoting interventions (HPIs) may vary across schools serving students with different socioeconomic backgrounds. Our objectives were to describe social inequalities across elementary schools in: (i) level of importance that school principals attribute to 13 common health-related issues among students in their school; (ii) availability of HPIs within their school addressing eight health topics and (iii) (mis)alignment between perceived importance and HPI availability. Data were collected in telephone interviews with school principals in a convenience sample of 171 elementary schools (59% of 291 schools contacted).

Exergaming in Youth and Young Adults: A Narrative Overview.

Because of rapid evolution in exergaming technology and content, the literature on the benefits of exergaming needs ongoing review. Updated syntheses incorporating high-quality critical assessments of included articles can provide cutting-edge evidence to drive research and practice. The objectives were to summarize evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the association between exergaming and (1) physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior and energy expenditure (EE); and (2) body composition, body mass index (BMI), and other weight-related outcomes among persons younger than 30 years; and to summarize recommendations in the articles retained.

Socioeconomic status is associated with the prevalence and co-occurrence of risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation during adolescence.

Objectives: To investigate whether the prevalence or co-occurrence of risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation differ by socioeconomic status (SES) and whether SES interacts with risk factors to increase initiation.

Methods: In 2005, 1451 5th grade never smokers (mean age 10.7 years) in Montréal, Canada, provided baseline data, with follow-up in 6th and/or 7th grade (2005-2007).

Reasons for quitting smoking in young adult cigarette smokers.

Background: Although most young adult smokers want to quit smoking, few can do so successfully. Increased understanding of reasons to quit in this age group could help tailor interventions, but few studies document reasons to quit in young adults or examine reasons to quit by smoker characteristics.

Methods: In 2011-12, 311 current smokers (age 22-28, M=24.

Predictors of Cigarette Smoking Initiation in Early, Middle, and Late Adolescence.

Purpose: Little is known about age-related differences in risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation. We identified predictors of initiation in early, middle, and late adolescence from among sociodemographic factors, indicators of smoking in the social environment, psychological characteristics, lifestyle indicators, and perceived need for cigarettes.

Methods: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of 1,801 children recruited at age 10-11 years from 29 elementary schools in Montreal, Canada.

Predictors of the Onset of Cigarette Smoking: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Population-Based Studies in Youth.

Context: The onset of cigarette smoking typically occurs during childhood or early adolescence. Nicotine dependence symptoms can manifest soon after onset, contributing to sustained, long-term smoking. Previous reviews have not clarified the determinants of onset.

A trs20 mutation that mimics an SEDT-causing mutation blocks selective and non-selective autophagy: a model for TRAPP III organization.

TRAPP is a multisubunit complex that functions in membrane traffic. Mutations in the mammalian TRAPP protein C2 are linked to the skeletal disorder spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT) that is thought to arise from an inability to secrete procollagen from the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we show that C2 binds to the SNARE protein Syntaxin 5 and this interaction is weakened by an SEDT-causing missense mutation (D47Y).