Simulation-based inference for efficient identification of generative models in computational connectomics.

Recent advances in connectomics research enable the acquisition of increasing amounts of data about the connectivity patterns of neurons. How can we use this wealth of data to efficiently derive and test hypotheses about the principles underlying these patterns? A common approach is to simulate neuronal networks using a hypothesized wiring rule in a generative model and to compare the resulting synthetic data with empirical data. However, most wiring rules have at least some free parameters, and identifying parameters that reproduce empirical data can be challenging as it often requires manual parameter tuning.

A Visual Interface for Exploring Hypotheses About Neural Circuits.

One of the fundamental problems in neurobiological research is to understand how neural circuits generate behaviors in response to sensory stimuli. Elucidating such neural circuits requires anatomical and functional information about the neurons that are active during the processing of the sensory information and generation of the respective response, as well as an identification of the connections between these neurons. With modern imaging techniques, both morphological properties of individual neurons as well as functional information related to sensory processing, information integration and behavior can be obtained.

The impact of neuron morphology on cortical network architecture.

The neurons in the cerebral cortex are not randomly interconnected. This specificity in wiring can result from synapse formation mechanisms that connect neurons, depending on their electrical activity and genetically defined identity. Here, we report that the morphological properties of the neurons provide an additional prominent source by which wiring specificity emerges in cortical networks.

[Cartilage regeneration after high tibial osteotomy. Results of an arthroscopic study].

Aim: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) has been established as an effective method for the treatment of unicondylar knee osteoarthritis. This study was undertaken to quantify the potential for restoration of cartilage lesions or defects after HTO in relation to different cartilage treatment modalities. Control arthroscopy was undertaken to identify the cartilage lesions within the knee joint 1.