The Emirates Mars Mission.

The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) was launched to Mars in the summer of 2020, and is the first interplanetary spacecraft mission undertaken by the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The mission has multiple programmatic and scientific objectives, including the return of scientifically useful information about Mars. Three science instruments on the mission's Hope Probe will make global remote sensing measurements of the Martian atmosphere from a large low-inclination orbit that will advance our understanding of atmospheric variability on daily and seasonal timescales, as well as vertical atmospheric transport and escape.

Clinical aspects of Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome and identification of a novel mutation.

Background: Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in ANTXR2 which leads to loss of function of the transmembrane protein anthrax toxin receptor 2. It is distinguished by characteristic skin lesions, gingival hyperplasia, joint and bone disease, and systemic involvement.

Methods: Based on the case of an 11-year-old female patient with typical features of hyaline fibromatosis syndrome and the underlying pathogenic compound heterozygote variants in ANTXR2 we discuss the genetic and clinical aspects of hyaline fibromatosis syndrome.

Treatment of Congenital Gastric Outlet Obstruction due to a Web: A Retrospective Single-center Review.

Background: Congenital gastric antral web and congenital pyloric atresia are rare reasons of congenital gastric outlet obstruction (CGOO). Depending on the different forms, the symptoms vary from unspecific epigastric pain to nonbilious "projectile" vomiting, ileus and failure to thrive. Throughout the years, many different treatment options are described, like simple surgical dilatation, incision or excision of the membrane, possibly combined with a pyloroplasty.

Intestinal Failure and Aberrant Lipid Metabolism in Patients With DGAT1 Deficiency.

Background & Aims: Congenital diarrheal disorders are rare inherited intestinal disorders characterized by intractable, sometimes life-threatening, diarrhea and nutrient malabsorption; some have been associated with mutations in diacylglycerol-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), which catalyzes formation of triacylglycerol from diacylglycerol and acyl-CoA. We investigated the mechanisms by which DGAT1 deficiency contributes to intestinal failure using patient-derived organoids.

Methods: We collected blood samples from 10 patients, from 6 unrelated pedigrees, who presented with early-onset severe diarrhea and/or vomiting, hypoalbuminemia, and/or (fatal) protein-losing enteropathy with intestinal failure; we performed next-generation sequencing analysis of DNA from 8 patients.

Early Clinical Diagnosis of PC1/3 Deficiency in a Patient With a Novel Homozygous PCSK1 Splice-Site Mutation.

Autosomal recessive proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) deficiency, caused by mutations in the PCSK1 gene, is characterized by severe congenital malabsorptive diarrhea, early-onset obesity, and certain endocrine abnormalities. We suspected PC1/3 deficiency in a 4-month-old girl based on the presence of congenital diarrhea and polyuria. Sequencing the whole coding region and splice sites detected a novel homozygous PCSK1 splice-site mutation, c.

Identification of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) binding motifs in Biomphalaria glabrata.

Biomphalaria glabrata acts as the intermediate host to the parasite, Schistosoma mansoni, and for this reason, the immune system of B. glabrata has been researched extensively. Several studies have demonstrated that the transcriptome profile of B.

Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) of pediatric metacarpal fractures: experiences with 66 cases.

Introduction: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) is the first-choice surgical technique for stabilizing various pediatric diaphyseal and selected metaphyseal fractures of the long bones. This technique has increasingly been applied in fractures of the small bones. Here, we report experiences with ESIN in displaced fractures of the metacarpals in children.

Individual fitness versus whole-crop photosynthesis:solar tracking tradeoffs in alfalfa.

Despite the optimism of some molecular biologists, natural selection among the wild ancestors of crops is unlikely to have missed simple genetic improvements that would consistently have enhanced individual fitness. Tradeoff-free opportunities for further improvement of crop traits like photosynthetic efficiency or drought tolerance may therefore be elusive. Opportunities linked to acceptable tradeoffs may be abundant, however.

[Mid-term outcome after fusion due to isthmic spondylolysis].

The isthmic spondylolisthesis, as a result of a spondylolysis, has an incidence of about 5%. It plays a major role in the cause of low back pain. If conservative treatment fails, surgery is indicated.

The evolution of the school nurse practitioner: past, present, and future.

The role of school nurse practitioner (SNP) evolved in response to the growing need of the school-age population for health care and the school as a setting for providing primary health services. SNPs have broadened the role of the traditional school nurse while extending advanced nursing into the arena of primary health services.

Nitrate Effects on Nodule Oxygen Permeability and Leghemoglobin (Nodule Oximetry and Computer Modeling).

Two current hypotheses to explain nitrate inhibition of nodule function both involve decreased O2 supply for respiration in support of N2 fixation. This decrease could result from either (a) decreased O2 permeability (PO) of the nodule cortex, or (b) conversion of leghemoglobin (Lb) to an inactive, nitrosyl form. These hypotheses were tested using alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.

Carpal tunnel syndrome: surgical and nonsurgical treatment.

A retrospective study was performed to evaluate treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. Two hundred sixty-five patients were treated over a 4 1/2-year period. Only patients in whom studies showed abnormal nerve conduction (a median nerve sensory latency greater than 3.

Indications for surgery in work-related compression neuropathies of the upper extremity.

Symptoms caused by compression neuropathies are subjective and often difficult to quantify. The author describes sites of compression involving the median, ulnar, and radial nerves and their branches, and emphasizes that surgical procedures should be performed only when objective evidence of an abnormality is present and the chance for surgical correction is high.

High-pressure injection injuries.

The use of high-pressure injection devices has resulted in an unusual type of injury to the upper extremity. Though on initial inspection the wound often appears benign, tissue damage beneath the skin is extensive. These injuries are surgical emergencies that demand prompt evaluation and treatment.

Formation of ionic channels in black lipid membranes by succinic derivatives of gramicidin A.

Different succinyl derivatives of Gramicidin A were synthesized and their activity was investigated with different methods on lipid bilayer membranes. The succinyl derivatives of Gramicidin A can be classified as three different types, the O-succinyl derivative, the N-succinyl derivative and the N-O-succinyl derivative of Gramicidin A. An O-pyromellityl-N-succinyl gramicidin was synthesized which can be attributed to the latter class.