Distinguishing human peripheral blood CD16 myeloid cells based on phenotypic characteristics.

Myeloid lineage cells present in human peripheral blood include dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes. The DC are identified phenotypically as HLA-DR cells that lack major cell surface lineage markers for T cells (CD3), B cells (CD19, CD20), NK cells (CD56), red blood cells (CD235a), hematopoietic stem cells (CD34), and Mo that express CD14. Both DC and Mo can be phenotypically divided into subsets.

Re-personalization and stratification of hemophilia care in an evolving treatment landscape.

Hemophilia therapeutics are evolving rapidly. Comprehensive care must also evolve to embrace this change. Online tools and guidelines are widely available to optimize prophylaxis with conventional clotting factor concentrates using an individual's predicted pharmacokinetic profile.

Relative Surface Velocity of the Tibiofemoral Joint and Its Relation to the Development of Osteoarthritis After Joint Injury.

The relative velocity of the tibiofemoral surfaces during gait before and after partial-ACL and full MCL transection (p-ACL/MCL Tx) was examined in an ovine model (N = 5) and the relation between the variation in the relative sliding velocity component and gross morphological damage was investigated. We defined the in vivo kinematics of the tibiofemoral joints by using an instrumented spatial linkage and then determining the relative velocity components on the reconstructed femoral condyle surfaces. One major finding was that the magnitude of the relative velocity components was relatively high during the initial stance period of the gait and oscillated with a decaying envelope.

Next-Generation Cell-Active Inhibitors of the Undrugged Oncogenic PTP4A3 Phosphatase.

Oncogenic protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are overexpressed in numerous human cancers but they have been challenging pharmacological targets. The emblematic oncogenic PTP4A tyrosine phosphatase family regulates many fundamental malignant processes. 7-Imino-2-phenylthieno[3,2-]pyridine-4,6(5,7)-dione (JMS-053) is a novel, potent, and selective PTP4A inhibitor but its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, nor has the chemotype been fully investigated.

A Review of the Analgesic Benefi ts and Potential Complications Related to Epidural Corticosteroid Injections.

The Institute of Medicine has reported that greater than 115 million adults in the United States are living with some form of chronic pain. Back pain is the most prevalent and is associated with high individual morbidity and increased healthcare costs. One approach for the management of chronic back pain involves the injection of corticosteroids in the epidural space.

TwinsUK: The UK Adult Twin Registry Update.

TwinsUK is the largest cohort of community-dwelling adult twins in the UK. The registry comprises over 14,000 volunteer twins (14,838 including mixed, single and triplets); it is predominantly female (82%) and middle-aged (mean age 59). In addition, over 1800 parents and siblings of twins are registered volunteers.

Quantifying hydraulic and water quality uncertainty to inform sampling of drinking water distribution systems.

Sampling of drinking water distribution systems is performed to ensure good water quality and protect public health. Sampling also satisfies regulatory requirements and is done to respond to customer complaints or emergency situations. Water distribution system modeling techniques can be used to plan and inform sampling strategies.

Broadband leaky Lamb waves excited by optical breakdown in water.

Optical breakdown of water is used as a sound source to excite a broadband set of leaky Lamb waves in submerged aluminum plates. The source is shown to simultaneously excite guided modes spanning 0.1-5 MHz in frequency and 0-0.

Maturation of Brain Microstructure and Metabolism Associates with Increased Capacity for Self-Regulation during the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence.

Children ages 9-12 years face increasing social and academic expectations that require mastery of their thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Little is known about the development of neural pathways integral to these improving capacities during the transition from childhood to adolescence. Among 234 healthy, inner-city male and female youth (species ) 9-12 years of age followed by the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, we acquired diffusion tensor imaging, multiplanar chemical shift imaging, and cognitive measures requiring self-regulation.

Perioperative laboratory monitoring in congenital haemophilia patients with inhibitors: a systematic literature review.

: Although the use of clotting factor concentrates is the mainstay of haemophilia care, the development of inhibitors complicates disease management. Perioperative management of patients with inhibitors is therefore a challenge. A systematic literature review was performed to identify literature reporting on the perioperative monitoring and management of haemophilia.

A Simple Method for Simulating Groundwater Interactions with Fens to Forecast Development Effects.

Protection of fens-wetlands dependent on groundwater discharge-requires characterization of groundwater sources and stresses. Because instrumentation and numerical modeling of fens is labor intensive, easy-to-apply methods that model fen distribution and their vulnerability to development are desirable. Here we demonstrate that fen areas can be simulated using existing steady-state MODFLOW models when the unsaturated zone flow (UZF) package is included.

CD300f epitopes are specific targets for acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic differentiation.

Antibody-based therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been marred by significant hematologic toxicity due to targeting of both hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Achieving greater success with therapeutic antibodies requires careful characterization of the potential target molecules on AML. One potential target is CD300f, which is an immunoregulatory molecule expressed predominantly on myeloid lineage cells.

CD83: Activation Marker for Antigen Presenting Cells and Its Therapeutic Potential.

CD83 is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and is expressed in membrane bound or soluble forms. Membrane CD83 (mCD83) can be detected on a variety of activated immune cells, although it is most highly and stably expressed by mature dendritic cells (DC). mCD83 regulates maturation, activation and homeostasis.

One Resident's Recommendations for Responding to Unjust Patient Bias.

All clinicians have the right to work in environments free of discrimination. Trends such as shared decision making and tying reimbursement to patient satisfaction metrics prompt us to ask how we should respond to patient preferences that express unjust bias or prejudice. This article presents one orthopedic surgery resident physician's experience of bias incidents, suggests strategies for addressing patient discrimination, and offers patient care recommendations.

Rapid molecular evolution of pain insensitivity in multiple African rodents.

Noxious substances, called algogens, cause pain and are used as defensive weapons by plants and stinging insects. We identified four previously unknown instances of algogen-insensitivity by screening eight African rodent species related to the naked mole-rat with the painful substances capsaicin, acid (hydrogen chloride, pH 3.5), and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC).

Occupational Hazard: Disruptive Behavior in Patients.

Accurate reporting of disruptive behavior enables the development of strategies that provide for the safe delivery of health care to patients.

Predicting Incident Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis in Middle-Aged Women Within Four Years: The Importance of Knee-Level Prognostic Factors.

Objective: To develop and internally validate risk models and a clinical risk score tool to predict incident radiographic knee osteoarthritis (RKOA) in middle-aged women.

Methods: We analyzed 649 women in the Chingford 1,000 Women study. The outcome was incident RKOA, defined as Kellgren/Lawrence grade 0-1 at baseline and ≥2 at year 5.

Molecular Response of Rabbit Menisci to Surgically Induced Hemarthrosis and a Single Intra-Articular Dexamethasone Treatment.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery can restore biomechanical stability, however, such surgery cannot reliably prevent the onset of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular response that occurs within the menisci following a surgical injury that allows bleeding into the joint space, and then to investigate the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on this molecular response. Cell viability studies following acute controlled exposure to blood and blood plus DEX were also conducted.

Changes in prolactin, cortisol and testosterone concentrations during queen succession in a colony of naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber): a case study.

Colonies of naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber, NMRs) are characterised by an extreme skew in lifetime reproductive success with only one female and one to three male consorts in a colony. The rest of the individuals in a colony are reproductively suppressed and much research has been focussed on elucidating that mechanism. The dopamine system and prolactin have recently been implicated in the suppression of reproduction of subordinate NMRs.

Examination of CD302 as a potential therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of adult acute leukemia with ~20,000 new cases yearly. The disease develops in people of all ages, but is more prominent in the elderly, who due to limited treatment options, have poor overall survival rates. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting specific cell surface molecules have proven to be safe and effective in different haematological malignancies.