A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single-center, comparative study evaluating Phaseolean® safety and efficacy in overweight/obese participants.

Scope: Phaseolean®, a standardized water extract of or white kidney bean, exhibits α-amylase inhibitory property, which decreases calorie absorption by preventing or delaying carbohydrate digestion, thus supporting weight management. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center comparative study (Clinical trial registration number: CTRI/2023/02/049440, Registered on: February 03, 2023) evaluated the safety and efficacy of Phaseolean® in weight management in overweight or obese participants upon regular intake at two different doses compared with placebo.

Method: Sixty-six participants were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups, considering the inclusion & exclusion criteria.

Acute and Subacute Toxicity Assessment of Andrographolide-2-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin Complex via Oral and Inhalation Route of Administration in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Objective: Acute and subacute toxicity analysis of AND-2-HyP--CYD complex was conducted in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats following oral and inhalation routes of administration.

Methods And Results: Single dose acute toxicity was carried out at 2000 mg/kg of AND-2-HyP--CYD complex, while the doses of 200, 400, and 666 mg/kg were administered, over a period of 28 days under repeated dose oral toxicity study. Hence, LD50 (lethal dose) was found to be >2000 mg/kg in addition to NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) of 666 mg/kg.

Molecular encapsulation of andrographolide in 2-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin cavity: synthesis, characterization, pharmacokinetic and antiviral activity analysis against SARS-CoV-2.

In present investigation, AND-2-HyP--CYD (Andrographolide-2-Hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin) complex was synthesized and characterized for antiviral and pharmacokinetic profile. The linear host-guest relation suggested synthesis of a 1:1 complex of AND with 2-HyP--CYD by inclusion mode. The Kc, stability constant of the two phase system of AND with 2-HyP--CYD computed to be 38.

Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach for Odontoid Lesions: A Technical Description in a Case of High Cervical Osteomyelitis and Abscess.

Background: Cervical approaches to the dens are limited by the presence of several structures, including the spinal cord, vertebral arteries, C1 articular pillars, and C2 nerves. Surgical approaches to access the high anterior cervical spine classically encompass the extended anterior retropharyngeal route, transoral route, and extreme lateral route, each of which has its own pattern of morbidity or complications. Percutaneous procedures to drain infections in this area have a limited yield.

Arachnoiditis ossificans.

Objective: Arachnoiditis ossificans is an uncommon clinical entity in which arachnoid ossification leads to clinical symptomatology. In this case report, we describe the case of a myelopathic patient with arachnoid ossifications, an arachnoid cyst, and syringomyelia coexisting with a herniated thoracic disc at the same levels.

Case Description: An 81-year-old woman presented with rapidly progressive leg weakness, dysesthetic pains, and urinary incontinence.

Surgical treatment of metastatic spinal tumors.

Spinal metastases represent a significant cause of morbidity in patients diagnosed with malignancies. Metastases to the spine can cause severe pain, paralysis, and impairment of activities of daily living. The treatment paradigm for spinal metastases involves a cohesive multidisciplinary approach that allows treatment plans to be made in the context of a patient's overall condition.

Novel fluoroscopic technique for localization at cervicothoracic levels.

Study Design: To use a novel modified intraoperative fluoroscopic view for spinal level localization.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and utility of the modified oblique fluoroscopic technique for intraoperative localization of distal cervical and proximal thoracic spinal levels.

Summary Of Background Information: Operative radiographic localization of the cervicothoracic spine using standard anterior-posterior and lateral views is made difficult by its anatomic relationship to the shoulder and upper chest, which produce radiographic shadowing obscuring the spine.

Treatment of primary vertebral tumors.

Advances in the treatment of disease and detection through advanced imaging have led to an increase in the discovery of vertebral tumors. Although the majority of symptomatic spinal lesions are metastatic in origin, a significant number of them arise primarily in the spine. These lesions encompass a wide variety of tumor types classified by their cell of origin: bony tumors, cartilaginous tumors, vascular tumors, plasma cell dyscrasias, and tumors that arise from embryonic rests.

Golf-associated head injury in the pediatric population: a common sports injury.

Object: Golf-related injuries constitute a common type of sports injury in the pediatric population. The increase in the frequency of these injuries is largely attributed to the increase in the popularity of golf and greater use of golf carts by children.

Methods: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms and complications associated with golf-related injuries in the pediatric population and, by doing so, assist in the prevention of such injuries.

History of posterior thoracic instrumentation.

The term "backbone" appears in many expressions used in modern day society. In any scenario, it has one central meaning: stability. Best defined as a foundation that is able to sustain multiple stressors without adversely affecting integrity, the commonly and appropriately termed backbone of humans is the spinal column.