Pediatric obesity and adverse outcomes following deformity correction surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A cross-sectional analysis using 2015-2019 NIS data.

Background: Obesity in the pediatric population has been a growing medical concern over the last few decades with a prevalence of 19.7% as of 2017-2020. Obesity is a risk factor for greater scoliotic curves and failure of conservative therapy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Prone position lateral interbody fusion-a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Lateral access lumbar interbody fusion is an increasingly popular procedure that allows for anterior column support through discectomy, endplate preparation, and interbody insertion. This procedure was initially described and performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position. This would typically be followed by repositioning the patient to the prone position for pedicle screw fixation.

Superior Capsular Reconstruction Using the Biceps Tendon in the Treatment of Irreparable Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Improves Patient-Reported Outcome Scores: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate the clinical outcomes of superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) using the long head of the biceps tendon for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears.

Methods: Multiple electronic databases were searched for studies treating massive and/or irreparable rotator cuff tears with SCR using the biceps tendon while retaining its proximal attachment to the superior glenoid. A PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) flowchart was created.

Lumbar Spinal Steroid Injections and Infection Risk after Spinal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Lumbar spinal steroid injections (LSSI) are universally used as preferred diagnostic or therapeutic treatment options before major spinal surgeries. Some recent studies have reported higher risks of surgical-site infection (SSI) for spinal surgeries performed after injections, while others have overlooked such associations. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the literature and perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the associations between preoperative LSSI and postoperative infection following subsequent lumbar decompression and fusion procedures.

Streamlining Postoperative Care After Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures: Is Follow-up After Pin Removal Routinely Needed?

Background: Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning is the standard of care for displaced supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs). Although the operative management of SCHFs has achieved good consensus with low complication rates, there remains a paucity of literature on postoperative management. We hypothesized that routine office visits after pin removal can safely be avoided in uncomplicated SCHFs without compromising patient care.

Extensor Pollicis Longus Tendon Rupture After a Pediatric Distal Radius Fracture: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Case: A 16-year-old boy underwent closed reduction and pinning of a Salter-Harris II distal radius fracture (DRF). Extensor pollicis longus (EPL) rupture occurred 6 weeks after the injury. Extensor indicis proprius transfer was performed using wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) technique.

Outcomes of Chronic Turf Toe Repair in Non-athlete Population: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Turf toe injuries, though most common in athletes, can also occur in non-athletes. No study exists in the current literature investigating operative outcomes in non-athlete patients with chronic turf toe injury. In this study, we present our outcomes on operatively treated turf toe injuries in non-athletes in the only cohort yet studied.

Anterior acetabular retractors and the femoral neurovascular bundle in anterior total hip arthroplasty: a cadaveric study.

Purpose: The direct anterior approach for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become increasingly popular in recent years. Nerve compression or traction with a retractor is a common cause of nerve injury in this approach. The purpose of this cadaveric study was to evaluate the anatomic relationship of the femoral neurovascular bundle to the anterior acetabular retractor during direct anterior approach THA.

Neurovascular structures at risk with percutaneous fixation in tarsometatarsal fusion: A cadaveric study.

Introduction: First tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint fusion is routinely used for arthritis and deformities. Common fixation methods include a locking plate construct, cross-screws, or combinations of the two. Cross screws have proven effective for union and stability; however, there is a potential for harm to nearby neurovascular structures due to the nature of percutaneous insertion technique.

Patients with musculoskeletal dysplasia undergoing total joint arthroplasty are at increased risk of surgical site Infection.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal dysplasias (MSD) are inherited conditions of abnormal cartilage and bone development and remodeling which include, amongst others, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED), spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED), achondroplasia, and hypochondroplasia. The aim of this study was to compare patient characteristics and in-hospital complications between MSD and non-MSD patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA).

Hypothesis: MSD patients undergoing TJA are at increased risk of in-hospital post-operative complications and mortality compared to non-MSD patients.

Tibialis anterior tendinosis: Clinical characterization and surgical treatment.

Background: Tibialis anterior (TA) tendinosis is rarely reported on in the literature. It is seen in patients older than 45 and causes weakness in dorsiflexion. This paper aims to describe surgical treatment and clinical outcomes.

Syndesmotic Fixation With Suture Button: Neurovascular Structures at Risk: A Cadaver Study.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the anatomic variations in the saphenous nerve and risk of direct injury to the saphenous nerve and greater saphenous vein during syndesmotic suture button fixation.

Methods: Under fluoroscopic guidance, syndesmotic suture buttons were placed from lateral to medial at 1, 2, and 3 cm above the tibial plafond on 10 below-knee cadaver leg specimens. The distance and position of each button from the greater saphenous vein and saphenous nerve were evaluated.

Subacromial Spacer Implantation for the Treatment of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To synthesize and report the early clinical and radiographic outcomes associated with subacromial spacer use in patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears.

Methods: A systematic search on MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed during February 2018. Included studies were evaluated regarding the level of evidence and quality using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies.

Early Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Prophylactic and Acute Pathologic Fracture Treatment.

Introduction: Pathologic fractures often contribute to adverse events in metastatic bone disease, and prophylactic fixation offers to mitigate their effects. This study aims to analyze patient selection, complications, and in-hospital costs that are associated with prophylactic fixation compared with traditional acute fixation after completed fracture.

Materials And Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried from 2002 to 2014 for patients with major extremity pathologic fractures.

Postoperative Tourniquet Pain in Patients Undergoing Foot and Ankle Surgery.

Background  Tourniquets are commonly used to reduce bleeding intraoperatively during orthopedic surgery. There are variable guidelines for ideal tourniquet pressure and duration; the practice of fixed, high tourniquet pressures remains common. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between excessive tourniquet pressure and duration and the incidence of tourniquet pain in foot and ankle surgery patients.

Staple versus suture closure for ankle fracture fixation: Retrospective chart review for safety and outcomes.

Introduction/aim: Recent comparisons of suture versus metal staple skin closure on the rates of wound complications in orthopaedic surgeries have yielded conflicting results. Several studies have since started to approach this question based on anatomic location, comparing suture versus staple closure in total hip and knee arthroplasty and acetabulum fracture surgery. Ankle fractures are one of the most commonly treated fractures by orthopaedic surgeons with unique challenges to skin closure due to the lack of subcutaneous support.

Is interposition arthroplasty a viable option for treatment of moderate to severe hallux rigidus? - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: When conservative therapy for hallux rigidus fails, surgical options such as arthrodesis and interposition arthroplasty can be considered. Although arthrodesis of MTP joint is the gold standard treatment. However patients desiring MTP joint movement may opt for either interposition arthroplasty or implant arthroplasty to avoid the movement restrictions of arthrodesis.

The surgical anatomy of the dorsal scapular nerve: a triple-tendon transfer perspective.

Background: Iatrogenic or traumatic injury to the spinal accessory nerve is a rare but debilitating injury. An effective treatment, known as the Eden-Lange modification triple-tendon transfer procedure, involves the transfer of the rhomboid major (RM), rhomboid minor (Rm), and levator scapulae (LS). Careful detachment of their insertions is necessary to avoid injury of the dorsal scapular nerve (DSN).

A Safety and Cost Analysis of Outpatient Versus Inpatient Hindfoot Fusion Surgery.

Hindfoot fusion procedures are increasingly being performed in the outpatient setting. However, the cost savings of these procedures compared with the risks and benefits has not been clearly investigated. The objective of this study was to compare patient characteristics, costs, and short-term complications between inpatient and outpatient procedures.

Risk Factors for Readmission Following Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Noninfective Causes.

Introduction Readmission following revision orthopedic surgery imposes tremendous costs due to the increased length of stay, procedure complexity, and revision surgery. Following revision total hip arthroplasty, as many as one in five patients are readmitted postoperatively. Readmissions cost the federal government $17.

Structures at Risk During Percutaneous Screw Fixation for Talonavicular Fusion.

Background:: Talonavicular (TN) fusion using screws dorsomedially and dorsolaterally can cause neurovascular injury. The purpose of our cadaveric study was to evaluate the safety of percutaneous screw insertion in relation to dorsal neurovascular structures.

Methods:: Ten fresh-frozen cadaver legs were used for this study.

Hemiarthroplasty Versus Total Joint Arthroplasty for Hallux Rigidus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: When surgery is indicated for hallux rigidus, toe arthroplasty is an alternative procedure to arthrodesis for patients who wish to preserve toe range of motion. Our study investigated midterm outcomes of first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthroplasty in an effort to discern whether or not partial or total joint replacement confers benefit in these patients.

Methods: A systematic review of MTPJ arthroplasty was performed for the years 2000 to 2017.

A Case Report of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty After 17 Years: All Grown Up, What Happens When Implants Mature?

The number of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) being performed annually is steadily rising. Recommendations for clinical follow-up guidelines following these arthroplasties is controversial, with no strict guidelines for long-term follow up. Although a few case series exist which identify a minority of patients who require revision TKA for aseptic loosening or pain more than 15 years after index surgery, no published studies have yet described these patients or the pathology present at the time of surgery in detail.