Socioeconomic Status Diversity of Trainees and Faculty in Residency Programs: A Pilot Study in Plastic Surgery.

Introduction: The socioeconomic diversity of residents, fellows, and faculty members in any medical or surgical specialty is currently unknown making it difficult to understand socioeconomic status (SES) disparities and create programs to improve diversity. Additionally, the career trajectories of residents and faculty members who come from different SES backgrounds have not been explored. We have performed a survey-based research study to understand the SES composition and career trajectories of residents and faculty members within U.

Sustained IGF-1 delivery ameliorates effects of chronic denervation and improves functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury and repair.

Functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury is limited by progressive atrophy of denervated muscle and Schwann cells (SCs) that occurs during the long regenerative period prior to end-organ reinnervation. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a potent mitogen with well-described trophic and anti-apoptotic effects on neurons, myocytes, and SCs. Achieving sustained, targeted delivery of small protein therapeutics remains a challenge.

Utility of Viscoelastic Tests to Predict Flap Thrombosis: A Systematic Review.

Background: Flap thrombosis is a rare but devastating complication in microsurgery. Preoperative identification of patients at increased risk for microvascular thrombosis remains challenging. Viscoelastic testing (VET) provides a comprehensive evaluation of the clotting process and can effectively identify hypercoagulability.

A simple and robust method for automating analysis of naïve and regenerating peripheral nerves.

Background: Manual axon histomorphometry (AH) is time- and resource-intensive, which has inspired many attempts at automation. However, there has been little investigation on implementation of automated programs for widespread use. Ideally such a program should be able to perform AH across imaging modalities and nerve states.

Defining the relative impact of muscle versus Schwann cell denervation on functional recovery after delayed nerve repair.

Functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury worsens with increasing durations of delay prior to repair. From the time of injury until re-innervation occurs, denervated muscle undergoes progressive atrophy that limits the extent to which motor function can be restored. Similarly, Schwann cells (SC) in the distal nerve lacking axonal interaction progressively lose their capacity to proliferate and support regenerating axons.

Patient Trajectories Among Persons Hospitalized for COVID-19 : A Cohort Study.

Background: Risk factors for progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to severe disease or death are underexplored in U.S. cohorts.

The axon degeneration gene SARM1 is evolutionarily distinct from other TIR domain-containing proteins.

Many forms of neurodegenerative disease are characterized by Wallerian degeneration, an active program of axonal destruction. Recently, the important player which enacts Wallerian degeneration was discovered, the multidomain protein SARM1. Since the SARM1 protein has classically been thought of as an innate immune molecule, its role in Wallerian degeneration has raised questions on the evolutionary forces acting on it.