A checklist of European butterfly larval foodplants.

Butterflies are charismatic insects and have been well studied, particularly in Europe. They are disproportionately used in generating and testing hypotheses; on everything from general evolutionary processes, such as speciation or host association dynamics; to conservation-related studies, such as climate change or habitat loss. Accurate lists of the larval foodplants for European butterflies are not readily available.

Six Weeks of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic Therapy for Patients With Elevated Serum Prostate-specific Antigen Is Not Clinically Beneficial: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: To evaluate asymptomatic men with elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to determine whether a 6-week course of fluoroquinolone antibiotics lowers serum PSA and affects recommendations for prostate biopsy.

Materials And Methods: A randomized, single-center prospective trial of 150 men with an initial elevated PSA was conducted. Patients were randomized to 6 weeks of ciprofloxacin or observation.

Ductal prostatic adenocarcinoma: magnetic resonance imaging documenting the effect of hormone-radiotherapy.

A 74 years male with hematuria, mass on digital rectal examination, and elevated prostate specific antigen levels (26 ng/ml) underwent prostate MRI. Imaging demonstrated a prostate mass which contained multiple cystic and solid areas. Subsequent biopsy revealed ductal prostate adenocarcinoma with a Gleason grade of 5 + 4 (9).

Penile cancer: an analysis of socioeconomic factors at a southeastern tertiary referral center.

Introduction: Penile cancer is rare, often presenting in later stages. We sought to determine if factors potentially related to access to care were associated with worse outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all patients with the diagnosis of penile cancer over a 14 year period at the only tertiary referral center in the state.

Comparison of intraoperatively built custom linked seeds versus loose seed gun applicator technique using real-time intraoperative planning for permanent prostate brachytherapy.

Purpose: To report our dosimetric results using a novel push-button seed delivery system that constructs custom links of seeds intraoperatively.

Methods And Materials: From 2005 to 2007, 43 patients underwent implantation using a gun applicator (GA), and from 2007 to 2008, 48 patients underwent implantation with a novel technique allowing creation of intraoperatively built custom links of seeds (IBCL). Specific endpoint analyses were prostate D90% (pD90%), rV100% > 1.

Capromab pendetide scanning has a potential role in optimizing patient selection for salvage cryosurgical ablation of the prostate.

Objectives: To evaluate an algorithm using Capromab pendetide scanning (CPS) and prostate biopsy to select appropriate patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radiation therapy (RT) for salvage cryosurgical ablation of the prostate (CSAP) and to avoid premature androgen deprivation therapy (ADT); and to estimate the local salvage success rate for patients with high-risk clinical features.

Methods: Sixty-nine patients underwent a history, physical, CPS, and prostate biopsy. Patients with a negative or prostate-only positive signal and a positive biopsy were offered CSAP.

Laparoscopic cryoablation of renal masses: which lesions fail?

Objective: To identify potential predictive characteristics of lesions which failed in laparoscopic renal cryoablation (LRC). We analyzed 47 lesions that underwent this approach.

Methods: We reviewed 45 consecutive patients who underwent LRC of a renal mass between 2003 and 2008 at a single institution.

Combination 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and alpha-blockers for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Open or transurethral resection of the prostate was once the only option for men afflicted with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In the past 10 to 15 years, however, medical management has become a common step in the treatment of BPH, often postponing or eliminating the need for surgical intervention. The two drug classes used in the medical management of BPH are alpha-blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors.

Serum testosterone recovery after cessation of long-term luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist in patients with prostate cancer.

Objectives: The time to testosterone recovery after the cessation of androgen deprivation therapy appears to be dependent on the therapy duration. Most men will recover normal testosterone levels within 18 months according to the findings from studies that frequently involved fewer than 3 years of androgen deprivation therapy. Our goal was to assess the proportion of patients who remain castrated after cessation of longer duration luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist therapy for prostate cancer.

Salvage cryosurgical ablation of the prostate for local recurrence after radiation therapy: improved outcomes utilizing a capromab pendetide scan and biopsy algorithm.

Purpose: We assessed the efficacy, complications and technical advancements in salvage cryosurgical ablation of the prostate for recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy.

Methods: A total of 58 patients were evaluated for salvage cryosurgery using an algorithm of capromab pendetide scan and prostate biopsy from January 2003-July 2007. Forty-seven patients underwent salvage cryosurgery and biochemical recurrence free survival and complications were retrospectively reviewed.

Multiple/bilateral renal tumors in patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome.

Objective: To describe our findings in four patients with multiple/bilateral renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome.

Patients And Methods: A series of four patients with BHD syndrome and RCC is analyzed. Patient charts were reviewed for age, sex, presentation, various clinical manifestations, imaging, management and outcome.

Improving oversight of the graduate medical education enterprise: one institution's strategies and tools.

Accreditation organizations, financial stakeholders, legal systems, and regulatory agencies have increased the need for accountability in educational processes and curricular outcomes of graduate medical education. This demand for greater programmatic monitoring has placed pressure on institutions with graduate medical education (GME) programs to develop greater oversight of these programs. Meeting these challenges requires development of new GME management strategies and tools for institutional GME administrators to scrutinize programs, while still allowing these programs the autonomy to develop and implement educational methods to meet their unique training needs.

The long-term effect of doxazosin, finasteride, and combination therapy on the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is commonly treated with alpha-adrenergic-receptor antagonists (alpha-blockers) or 5alpha-reductase inhibitors. The long-term effect of these drugs, singly or combined, on the risk of clinical progression is unknown.

Methods: We conducted a long-term, double-blind trial (mean follow-up, 4.

Complete bladder, urethral, and vaginal duplication in a 50-year-old woman.

We present a rare case of a 50-year-old woman with complete bladder, urethral, and vaginal duplication without previous urogenital system reconstruction. Our patient demonstrated a rare embryologic defect with complete bladder, urethral, and vaginal duplication without any functional dysfunction. She was able to reach adulthood without reconstructive surgery.

Recruitment for a clinical trial of drug treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of various recruitment strategies for a 6-year multicenter clinical trial of medical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia, the Medical Therapy of Prostatic Symptoms Trial.

Methods: How participants learned about the trial was obtained during initial contact with clinical centers and at the first screening visit. The yield of randomized participants from the initial contact and first screening visit was calculated for each of the recruitment techniques.