Core outcome set measurement for future clinical trials in acute myeloid leukemia: the HARMONY study protocol using a multi-stakeholder consensus-based Delphi process and a final consensus meeting.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults and has an unacceptably low cure rate. In recent years, a number of new treatment strategies and compounds were developed for the treatment of AML. There were several randomized controlled clinical trials with the objective to improve patients' management and patients' outcome in AML.

Factors limiting data quality in the expanded programme on immunization in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review.

Few public health interventions can match the immense achievements of immunization in terms of mortality and morbidity reduction. However, progress in reaching global coverage goals and achieving universal immunization coverage have stalled; with key stakeholders concerned about the accuracy of reported coverage figures. Incomplete and incorrect data has made it challenging to obtain an accurate overview of immunization coverage, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).

Vitamin D actions in neurons require the PI3K pathway for both enhancing insulin signaling and rapid depolarizing effects.

Despite correlations between low vitamin D levels and diabetes incidence/severity, supplementation with vitamin D has not been widely effective in improving glucose parameters. This may be due to a lack of knowledge regarding how low vitamin D levels physiologically affect glucose homeostasis. We have previously shown that the brain may be a critical area for vitamin d-mediated action on peripheral glucose levels.

Using care navigation to address caregiver burden in dementia: A qualitative case study analysis.

Introduction: Many caregivers of people with dementia experience burden and resulting health effects due to the intensive nature of caregiving. Phone- and web-based care navigation is an innovative model of care that may be useful in addressing caregiver burden in dementia.

Methods: Qualitative methods (interviews, focus groups, and case study analysis) were used to identify care navigator approaches used to address caregiver burden in dementia as part of a dementia care navigation program.

Improving our departmental reporting of thyroid cytology specimens against national guidelines: A two-cycle retrospective audit.

Introduction: In the UK, guidelines from the Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath) facilitate consistent and reproducible reporting and classification of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) thyroid specimens. The aim was to audit our department against RCPath guidelines to refine and improve our reporting process.

Methods: Two-cycle retrospective observational audit of all patients undergoing thyroid FNAC over a 2-year period (1 year for each cycle).

Ethical Issues Raised by the Introduction of Artificial Companions to Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Call for Interdisciplinary Collaborations.

Due to the high costs of providing long-term care to older adults with cognitive impairment, artificial companions are increasingly considered as a cost-efficient way to provide support. Artificial companions can comfort, entertain, and inform, and even induce a sense of being in a close relationship. Sensors and algorithms are increasingly leading to applications that exude a life-like feel.

Herpes simplex virus 1 regulates β-catenin expression in TG neurons during the latency-reactivation cycle.

When herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection is initiated in the ocular, nasal, or oral cavity, sensory neurons within trigeminal ganglia (TG) become infected. Following a burst of viral transcription in TG neurons, lytic cycle viral genes are suppressed and latency is established. The latency-associated transcript (LAT) is the only viral gene abundantly expressed during latency, and LAT expression is important for the latency-reactivation cycle.

Visual and cognitive processing of thin-ideal Instagram images containing idealized or disclaimer comments.

Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to thin-ideal social media content is associated with decreased body satisfaction, and disclaimer comments have been a proposed intervention. This experiment uses eye-tracking methods to explore the effect of disclaimer comments on participants' processing of thin-ideal Instagram images. Women ages 18-35 (N = 181) were randomly assigned to view thin-ideal Instagram images paired with one of two caption types: traditional comments that idealized the images, or disclaimer comments that critiqued the images as unrealistic.

Assessing Autism Spectrum Disorder in Intellectually Able Adults with the Personality Assessment Inventory: Normative Data and a Novel Supplemental Indicator.

Differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among intellectually-able adults often presents a clinical challenge, particularly when individuals present in crisis without diagnostic history. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is a multiscale personality and psychopathology instrument utilized across clinical settings, but to date there are no published normative data for use of the PAI with adults with ASD. This study provides normative PAI data for adults diagnosed with ASD, with effect size comparisons to the PAI clinical standardization sample and an inpatient sample.

Parents' relationship maintenance as a buffer for the stress of their adolescent's type 1 diabetes.

Having an adolescent with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) can be stressful for the entire family. This study examined the impact of parents' relationship maintenance on their ability to manage the conflict associated with their child's T1D, the parents' physiological health (inflammation), and the relationships within the family. Sixty couples and their adolescent children with T1D participated.

Hospice Staff Perspectives on Caring for People with Dementia: A Multisite, Multistakeholder Study.

In the United States, 45% of people enrolled in hospice have dementia. We know little about how hospice professionals facilitate preference-aligned end-of-life care for people with dementia (PWD) and their families. To examine hospice stakeholders' perspectives on caring for PWD and their families.

Ballistic research techniques: visualizing gunshot wounding patterns.

There are difficulties associated with mapping gunshot wound (GSW) patterns within opaque models. Depending on the damage measurement parameters required, there are multiple techniques that can provide methods of "seeing" the GSW pattern within an opaque model. The aim of this paper was to test several of these techniques within a cadaveric animal limb model to determine the most effective.

Pregnancy-Related Acute Kidney Injury in the United States: Clinical Outcomes and Health Care Utilization.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) during pregnancy is a public health problem and is associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Clinical outcomes and health care utilization in pregnancy-related AKI, especially in women with diabetes, are not well studied.

Methods: Using data from the 2006 to 2015 Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we identified 42,190,790 pregnancy-related hospitalizations in women aged 15-49 years.

Community-Based Palliative Care Consultations: Comparing Dementia to Nondementia Serious Illnesses.

Little is known about the provision of palliative care to people with dementia (PWD). To examine demographic and clinical characteristics of PWD versus nondementia serious illnesses receiving community-based palliative care. Retrospective study of people 65+ receiving an initial consultation from a community-based palliative care practice between September 2014 and February 2018 using registry data entered by clinicians into the Quality Data Collection Tool for Palliative Care.

Selection of preclinical models to evaluate intranasal brain cooling for acute ischemic stroke.

Stroke accounts for a large proportion of global mortality and morbidity. Selective hypothermia, via intranasal cooling devices, is a promising intervention in acute ischemic stroke. However, prior to large clinical trials, preclinical studies in large animal models of ischemic stroke are needed to assess the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of intranasal cooling for selective hypothermia as a neuroprotective strategy.

What's Happening at Home: A Claims-based Approach to Better Understand Home Clinical Care Received by Older Adults.

Background: Home clinical care (HCC) includes home-based medical care (HBMC-medical visits in the home) and skilled home health care (skilled nursing or therapy visits). Over 7 million older adults would benefit from HCC; however, we know surprisingly little about homebound older adults and HCC.

Objective: To describe HCC received by older adults using claims data within the OptumLabs Data Warehouse.

Discriminating malingered attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder from genuine symptom reporting using novel Personality Assessment Inventory validity measures.

It is now widely understood that ADHD can be feigned easily and convincingly. Despite this, almost no methods exist to assist clinicians in identifying when such behavior occurs. Recently, new validity indicators specific to feigned ADHD were reported for the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI).

Poly-Arginine Peptide-18 (R18) Reduces Brain Injury and Improves Functional Outcomes in a Nonhuman Primate Stroke Model.

Poly-arginine peptide-18 (R18) is neuroprotective in different rodent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke models. In this study, we examined whether R18 treatment could reduce ischemic brain injury and improve functional outcome in a nonhuman primate (NHP) stroke model. A stroke was induced in male cynomolgus macaques by MCAO distal to the orbitofrontal branch of the MCA through a right pterional craniotomy, using a 5-mm titanium aneurysm clip for 90 min.

Benzalkonium chloride alters phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles in a source water used for drinking water treatment.

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern. Triclosan is an antimicrobial compound with direct links to antibiotic resistance that was widely used in soaps in the U.S.