Publications by authors named "Harrison Gerdes"
Objective: Lidocaine is one of the most widely used local anesthetics with well-known pharmacological properties. The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the effects of lidocaine on postoperative pain scores and recovery after cardiac surgery.
Methods: A comprehensive database search was conducted by a reference librarian for randomized clinical trials (RCT) from January 1, 1980 to September 1, 2019.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous signaling molecule and a key endogenous mediator of vascular tone. Hydroxocobalamin (HCB) affects NO-mediated vasoplegia as (1) a direct inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), thereby decreasing its production, and (2) by binding directly to NO and acting as a scavenger. HCB has been increasingly used in the treatment of refractory vasoplegia, particularly in cardiac surgery and liver transplant patients.
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- This study investigates the production of reactive nitrogen species (ONOO) in isolated cardiac mitochondria under oxidative stress and the role of nitric oxide synthesis (specifically mtNOS).
- Experiments show that excess calcium and succinate increase the formation of dityrosine (a marker for ONOO) and reactive oxygen species, highlighting a connection between calcium overload and mitochondrial oxidant stress.
- Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) significantly reduces ONOO production, with evidence of NOS presence in heart tissue and mitochondria, suggesting that mtNOS is a specific source of NO leading to ONOO formation during stress.
Cyclic-vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of nausea and vomiting. Although once thought to be a pediatric disorder, there has been a considerable increase in recognition of CVS in adults. The exact pathogenesis is unknown and several theories have been proposed.
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