Comparative Analysis of Supplemental Medial Buttress Plate Fixation for High-Energy Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures in Young Adults.

Objectives: To evaluate whether augmenting traditional fixation with a femoral neck buttress plate (FNBP) improves clinical outcomes in young adults with high-energy displaced femoral neck fractures.

Design: Multicenter retrospective matched cohort comparative clinical study.

Setting: Twenty-seven North American Level 1 trauma centers.

Effects of Technical Errors on the Outcomes of Operatively Managed Femoral Neck Fractures in Adults Less than 50 Years of Age.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of technical errors (TEs) on the outcomes after repair of femoral neck fractures in young adults.

Design: Multicenter retrospective clinical study.

Setting: 26 North American Level 1 Trauma Centers.

The endothelin receptor antagonist macitentan ameliorates endothelin-mediated vasoconstriction and promotes the survival of retinal ganglion cells in rats.

Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive eye disease, commonly associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and characterized by optic nerve degeneration, cupping of the optic disc, and loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The pathological changes in glaucoma are triggered by multiple mechanisms and both mechanical effects and vascular factors are thought to contribute to the etiology of glaucoma. Various studies have shown that endothelin-1 (ET-1), a vasoactive peptide, acting through its G protein coupled receptors, ET and ET, plays a pathophysiologic role in glaucoma.

Hands-free Femoral Traction Using the Bookwalter Retractor System During Anterior Approaches to the Acetabulum.

Displaced acetabular fractures with medial and cranial displacement of the femoral head commonly require an anterior approach for reduction and stabilization. Restoration of the femoral head to its native position under the reduced acetabular dome is a primary goal of surgery. We present a surgical technique for applying traction to the proximal femur using the Bookwalter retractor system during the repair of acetabular fractures when using an anterior approach.