Publications by authors named "Harris N"

Clinical, biomedical, and translational science has reached an inflection point in the breadth and diversity of available data and the potential impact of such data to improve human health and well-being. However, the data are often siloed, disorganized, and not broadly accessible due to discipline-specific differences in terminology and representation. To address these challenges, the Biomedical Data Translator Consortium has developed and tested a pilot knowledge graph-based "Translator" system capable of integrating existing biomedical data sets and "translating" those data into insights intended to augment human reasoning and accelerate translational science.

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Background And Aim: The role of thromboelastography (TEG) in managing antiplatelet therapy (APT) in left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is controversial. Our aim was to determine whether removal of TEG from an LVAD-specific APT protocol reduced late-onset bleeding without increasing thromboembolic complications.

Methods: We performed a single-center, retrospective cohort study including all recipients of a continuous-flow LVAD between April 2005 and November 2019 (n = 293).

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Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation but have been associated with complications in community-acquired pneumonia. Observations shortly after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 suggested that ibuprofen was associated with an increased risk of adverse events in COVID-19 patients, but subsequent observational studies failed to demonstrate increased risk and in one case showed reduced risk associated with NSAID use.

Methods: A 38-center retrospective cohort study was performed that leveraged the harmonized, high-granularity electronic health record data of the National COVID Cohort Collaborative.

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Article Synopsis
  • Scientists wanted to see if a new drug called ALM201 was safe and how it worked for patients with certain types of cancer.!
  • They gave the drug to 20 patients for a few weeks and found that most people handled it well, with only mild side effects like injection pain and tiredness.!
  • There were no major safety issues, and they think the drug could be tested more to see how well it works in specific cancer types.!
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Introduction: The endothelial glycocalyx regulates vascular permeability, inflammation, and coagulation, and acts as a mechanosensor. The loss of glycocalyx can cause endothelial injury and contribute to several microvascular complications and, therefore, may promote diabetic retinopathy. Studies have shown a partial loss of retinal glycocalyx in diabetes, but with few molecular details of the changes in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composition.

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3-Aryl-1-phosphinoimidazo[1,5-]pyridine ligands were synthesized from 2-aminomethylpyridine as the initial substrate two complementary routes. The first synthetic pathway underwent the coupling of 2-aminomethylpyridine with substituted benzoyl chlorides, followed by cyclization, iodination and palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling phosphination reactions sequence to give our phosphorus ligands. In the second route, 2-aminomethylpyridine was cyclized with aryl aldehydes, followed by the iodination and palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling phosphination reactions to yield our phosphorus ligands.

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Context: Achievement gaps have been well documented in the medical and health professions. Previous researchers have indicated that individuals from underrepresented minority groups consistently fall short of White candidates in performance on standardized credentialing examinations.

Objective: To determine the relative risk of failure by ethnicity and first-time and retake pass rates on the Board of Certification (BOC) examination.

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Angiotensin II has been implicated in the progression of diabetic retinopathy, which is characterized by altered microvasculature, oxidative stress, and neuronal dysfunction. The signaling induced by angiotensin II can occur not only via receptor-mediated calcium release that causes vascular constriction, but also through a pathway whereby angiotensin II activates NADPH oxidase to elicit the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the current study, we administered the angiotensin II receptor antagonist candesartan (or vehicle, in untreated animals) in a rat model of type 1 diabetes in which hyperglycemia was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ).

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Plantation is an important land use type that differs from natural forests and affects the economy and the environment. Tree age is one of the key factors used to quantify the impact of plantations. However, there is a lack of datasets explicitly documenting the planting years of global plantations.

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Aim: To review current evidence for parental food communication practices and their association with child eating behaviours.

Methods: The PRISMA framework guided the reporting of the review; registered with Prospero in July 2020. Eligible studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools.

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Cancer is a leading cause of premature death and disability in Samoa. Recognizing the importance of symptom awareness and early detection, the Samoa Cancer Society (SCS) developed the 'Vave' (quickly) campaign as the first multi-media cancer awareness campaign in Samoa. The campaign adopted a three-pronged community engagement approach including mass media; printed resources; and community outreach at culturally appropriate locations including churches, villages and schools.

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Soil-transmitted helminths cause widespread disease, infecting ~1.5 billion people living within poverty-stricken regions of tropical and subtropical countries. As adult worms inhabit the intestine alongside bacterial communities, we determined whether the bacterial microbiota impacted on host resistance against intestinal helminth infection.

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Quality patient care requires the appropriate selection of laboratory tests. Irrelevant testing must be avoided, whereas pertinent testing is indispensable. The goals of this review are 3-fold: (1) to describe appropriate coagulation test selection for medical and surgical patients, (2) to describe appropriate coagulation testing specifically in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19, and (3) to define the rational use of anticoagulant monitoring.

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Background: Pain is not well described in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC).

Objective: To characterize pain and assess the content validity of the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI-SF) worst pain item in patients with la/mUC receiving first-line treatment in the US.

Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted in patients aged≥45 years with confirmed la/mUC, self-reported la/mUC-attributed pain before enrollment, and no major surgery≤3 months prior to being interviewed.

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Article Synopsis
  • * This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of self-managed exercise programs conducted at home or in the community, rather than supervised labs, on physical activity levels and body fat distribution in these individuals.
  • * The review will analyze various studies, using comprehensive databases and unbiased assessment tools, to synthesize data and potentially conduct a meta-analysis of the outcomes related to physical activity and body fat for people living with HIV.
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Background: Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are at a greater risk for developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) than those without MetS, due to underlying endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Exercise is an effective primary and secondary prevention strategy for MetS; however, less than 25% of adults meet the minimum stated public recommendations. Barriers often identified are lack of enjoyment and lack of time.

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Predation is a fundamental ecological process that shapes communities and drives evolutionary dynamics. As the world rapidly urbanizes, it is critical to understand how human perturbations alter predation and meat consumption across taxa. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the effects of urban environments on three components of trophic ecology in predators: dietary species richness, dietary evenness and stable isotopic ratios (IRs) (C and N IR).

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Membrane proteins need to fold with precision in order to function correctly, with misfolding potentially leading to disease. The proteins reside within a hydrophobic lipid membrane and must insert into the membrane and fold correctly, generally whilst they are being translated by the ribosome. Favourable and unfavourable free energy contributions are present throughout each stage of insertion and folding.

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The majority of alpha helical membrane proteins fold co-translationally during their synthesis on the ribosome. In contrast, most mechanistic folding studies address refolding of full-length proteins from artificially induced denatured states that are far removed from the natural co-translational process. Cell-free translation of membrane proteins is emerging as a useful tool to address folding during translation by a ribosome.

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Recent advances in the field of host immunity against parasitic nematodes have revealed the importance of macrophages in trapping tissue migratory larvae. Protective immune mechanisms against the rodent hookworm Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) are mediated, at least in part, by IL-4-activated macrophages that bind and trap larvae in the lung. However, it is still not clear how host macrophages recognize the parasite.

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Background: Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurogenetic disorder present in approximately 1/12,000 individuals and characterized by developmental delay, cognitive impairment, motor dysfunction, seizures, gastrointestinal concerns, and abnormal electroencephalographic background. AS is caused by absent expression of the paternally imprinted gene UBE3A in the central nervous system. Disparities in the management of AS are a major problem in preparing for precision therapies and occur even in patients with access to experts and recognized clinics.

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High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has become a polarizing form of exercise. In this article, we argue that adolescent HIIT programs can have population health impact if they are (i) integrated into existing opportunities, (ii) designed to develop physical literacy, (iii) delivered in an engaging manner, and (iv) guided and supported by an implementation framework that addresses relevant barriers and facilitators.

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