Is Frequent Imaging Necessary? Impact of Computed Tomography During Follow-up After Surgical Treatment for Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Background And Objective: Current guidelines on radiological follow-up (FU) for patients after treatment for nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are not based on robust evidence. This review aims to evaluate whether the 2022 European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines are noninferior, in terms of recurrence and (overall) survival, to a higher imaging frequency of computed tomography (CT) of the chest and abdomen.

Methods: A literature search of relevant search machines (PubMed/Medline and EMBASE) was performed up to May 29, 2024.

Kidney stone analysis: an EAU section of urolithiasis (EULIS) survey on current practices and perspectives worldwide.

Purpose: To investigate the current thoughts and perspectives on kidney stone analysis amongst urologists and urology residents worldwide.

Methods: In October 2022 an online survey supported by the EULIS was circulated amongst urologists and urology residents worldwide. The survey was based on the current EAU guidelines regarding stone analysis and its role in urolithiasis management.

A National Study of the Rate of Benign Pathology After Partial Nephrectomy for T1 Renal Cell Carcinoma: Should We Be Satisfied?

: To determine the rate of benign pathology in cT1 tumors following partial nephrectomy in the Netherlands, thereby evaluating the rate of overtreatment. Data were collected from a nationwide database containing histopathology of resected renal tissue from 2014 to 2022. Patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for suspected RCC staged T1a-b were extracted for analysis.

Clinical Validation of Multiparametric Ultrasound for Detecting Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Using Computer-Aided Diagnosis: A Direct Comparison with the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pathway.

We present the protocol for a study testing the hypothesis that a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for three-dimensional multiparametric ultrasound (3D mpUS) is noninferior to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in guiding prostate biopsies for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). The prospective study has a fully paired design for assessment of diagnostic accuracy and is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT06281769.

Navigating the Aftermath: A Comprehensive Scoping Review on Follow-up Strategies After Kidney-sparing Surgery for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background And Objective: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) can be managed efficiently and safely through kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) in selected patient groups. However, the most effective and efficient postoperative surveillance strategy remains undetermined. We aimed to provide a comprehensive synopsis of the follow-up strategies and survival outcomes in patients diagnosed with UTUC treated by KSS.

Surgeon Preference and Clinical Outcome of 3D Vision Compared to 2D Vision in Laparoscopic Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Objective: To assess the added value of 3-dimensional (3D) vision, including high definition (HD) technology, in laparoscopic surgery in terms of surgeon preference and clinical outcome.

Background: The use of 3D vision in laparoscopic surgery has been suggested to improve surgical performance. However, the added value of 3D vision remains unclear as a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing 3D vision including HD technology in laparoscopic surgery is currently lacking.

A Systematic Review on the Impact of Quality Assurance Programs on Outcomes after Radical Prostatectomy.

Background And Objective: The implementation of quality assurance programs (QAPs) within urological practice has gained prominence; yet, their impact on outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) remains uncertain. This paper aims to systematically review the current literature regarding the implementation of QAPs and their impact on outcomes after robot-assisted RP, laparoscopic RP, and open prostatectomy, collectively referred to as RP.

Methods: A systematic Embase, Medline (OvidSP), and Scopus search was conducted, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) process, on January 12, 2024.

The Impact of a Multidisciplinary Tumor Board (MTB) on Treatment Decision Making for Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): 5-Year Data Analysis.

Objective: To describe the impact of a multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients in a locoregional renal cancer network by evaluating shared decision making (SDM) and adherence to MTB recommendations.

Design, Setting And Participants: This prospective cohort study included all cases from a Dutch renal cancer network with suspicion of or histologically confirmed RCC discussed in MTBs between 2017-2022. Main endpoints were distribution of cases presented, proportion of recommendations with multiple treatment options enabling shared decision making (SDM), definite treatment after SDM and adherence to MTB recommendations.

Transperineal laser ablation as treatment for benign prostatic obstruction: Safety, feasibility and functional outcomes-A pilot study.

Background: Standard surgical treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) requires anaesthesia and hospitalization. Transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) is a novel minimally invasive treatment for BPO, which has been performed using local anaesthetics and conscious sedation.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess safety, feasibility and functional outcomes of TPLA for the treatment of LUTS in men fit also for standard surgery.

Longer is Better for Endoscopic Follow-up of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma After Ureteroscopic Treatment: An Evaluation Spanning 10 Years of Data.

Background: Tumour recurrences are frequent among patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with ureteroscopy (URS). Therefore, guidelines recommend a strict follow-up regimen, but there is little evidence on how to do this.

Objective: To analyse outcomes during our follow-up regimen and the impact on treatment in terms of ipsilateral UTUC recurrence, treatment conversion, and tumour upgrading, and to evaluate potential prognostic factors, including second-look URS outcomes.

Reliable Visualization of the Treatment Effect of Transperineal Focal Laser Ablation in Prostate Cancer Patients by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Imaging.

Background: Transperineal focal laser ablation (TPLA) treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) is an experimental focal ablative therapy modality with low morbidity. However, a dosimetry model for TPLA is lacking.

Objective: To determine (1) the three-dimensional (3D) histologically defined ablation zone of single- and multifiber TPLA treatment for PCa correlated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and (2) a reliable imaging modality of ablation zone volumetry.

Reliability of whole mount radical prostatectomy histopathology as the ground truth for artificial intelligence assisted prostate imaging.

The development of artificial intelligence-based imaging techniques for prostate cancer (PCa) detection and diagnosis requires a reliable ground truth, which is generally based on histopathology from radical prostatectomy specimens. This study proposes a comprehensive protocol for the annotation of prostatectomy pathology slides. To evaluate the reliability of the protocol, interobserver variability was assessed between five pathologists, who annotated ten radical prostatectomy specimens consisting of 74 whole mount pathology slides.

Corrigendum to "Clinical Trial Protocol: Developing an Image Classification Algorithm for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis on Three-dimensional Multiparametric Transrectal Ultrasound" [Eur. Urol. Open Sci. 49 (2023) 32-43].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.

Is It the Load That Breaks You or the Way You Carry It: How Demanding Is Endourology?

Surgical outcomes are dependent on multiple factors. Besides patient-related or procedure-related factors, several surgeon-related factors contribute to surgical outcomes. The Surgery Task Load Index (SURG-TLX) questionnaire helps to assess the impact of several stressors on the perceived demands of surgeons during surgery.

Clinical Trial Protocol: Developing an Image Classification Algorithm for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis on Three-dimensional Multiparametric Transrectal Ultrasound.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The tendency toward population-based screening programs for prostate cancer (PCa) is expected to increase demand for prebiopsy imaging. This study hypothesizes that a machine learning image classification algorithm for three-dimensional multiparametric transrectal prostate ultrasound (3D mpUS) can detect PCa accurately.

Design: This is a phase 2 prospective multicenter diagnostic accuracy study.

Iatrogenic injury of the urinary tract during salvage procedures for pelvic sepsis: Experience of a national referral centre.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the incidence, consequences and outcomes of iatrogenic urinary tract injury (IUI) during salvage surgery for pelvic sepsis.

Method: Patients who underwent salvage surgery for pelvic sepsis after prior low anterior resection or Hartmann's procedure for rectal cancer were prospectively maintained in a database between 2010 and 2020 and reviewed retrospectively. The primary endpoint was the incidence of IUI.

How Reliable Is Endoscopic Stone Recognition? A Comparison Between Visual Stone Identification and Formal Stone Analysis.

To assess the diagnostic accuracy and intra-observer agreement of endoscopic stone recognition (ESR) compared with formal stone analysis. Stone analysis is a corner stone in the prevention of stone recurrence. Although X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy are the recommended techniques for reliable formal stone analysis, this is not always possible, and the process takes time and is costly.

Survival and Long-term Effects of Kidney-sparing Surgery Versus Radical Nephroureterectomy on Kidney Function in Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: Current European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines discriminate between high- and low-risk upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) to determine treatment by means of radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) or kidney-sparing surgery (KSS).

Objective: To compare long-term oncological outcomes and renal function for patients with UTUC treated by RNU versus KSS.

Design Setting And Participants: A retrospective cohort study, including 186 renal units with nonmetastatic UTUC treated in a tertiary referral centre between 2010 and 2021, was conducted.

Can operator-controlled imaging reduce fluoroscopy time during flexible ureterorenoscopy?

Introduction: Fluoroscopy is routinely used during ureterorenoscopy. According to the 'As Low As Reasonably Achievable' (ALARA) principle, radiation exposure should be kept as low as reasonably achievable to decrease the risk of negative long-term effects of radiation for patients and medical staff. This study aims to assess if operator-controlled imaging during flexible ureterorenoscopy for nephrolithiasis could reduce fluoroscopy time when compared to radiographer-controlled imaging.

Predictors of clinically significant prostate cancer in biopsy-naïve and prior negative biopsy men with a negative prostate MRI: improving MRI-based screening with a novel risk calculator.

Purpose: A pre-biopsy decision aid is needed to counsel men with a clinical suspicion for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), despite normal prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: A risk calculator (RC) for csPCa (International Society of Urological Pathology grade group (ISUP) ⩾ 2) presence in men with a negative-MRI (Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) ⩽ 2) was developed, and its performance was compared with RCs of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC), Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group (PBCG), and Prospective Loyola University mpMRI (PLUM). All biopsy-naïve and prior negative biopsy men with a negative-MRI followed by systematic prostate biopsy were included from October 2015 to September 2021.

How to evaluate a flexible ureterorenoscope? Systematic mapping of existing evaluation methods.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify, map and review scope-related and user-related parameters used to evaluate the quality of flexible ureterorenoscopes. Thereby identifying key items and variability in grading systems.

Methods: A literature search of four databases (MEDLINE [Ovid], EMBASE [Ovid], Web of Science, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library) was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines encompassing articles published up to August 2020.

Introduction of a Standardized Approach of Electronic Urinary pH Monitoring to Assist Alkalization Therapy: A Uric Acid Urolithiasis Patient's Perspective.

This study evaluates the introduction of an electronic pH meter to measure the urinary pH in patients with uric acid (UA) urolithiasis and assess patient's perspective. Patients known with UA urolithiasis were included in this single-center, nonrandomized, prospective feasibility study, IDEAL stage 2a. Their experience with urolithiasis and satisfaction with the method of urinary pH monitoring before inclusion was evaluated.