Plant production of a virus-like particle-based vaccine candidate against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a disease leading to spontaneous abortions and stillbirths in sows and lowered life quality and expectancy in growing pigs. PRRS is prevalent worldwide and has significant economic impacts to swine industries around the globe. Co-expression of the two most abundant proteins in the viral envelope, the matrix protein (M) and glycosylated protein 5 (GP5), can produce a neutralizing immune response for the virus providing a potentially effective subunit vaccine against the disease, but these proteins are difficult to express.

Pulsed-ramped-field-ionization zero-kinetic-energy photoelectron spectroscopy: a methodological advance.

A new experimental method has been developed to record photoelectron spectra based on the well-established pulsed-field-ionization zero-kinetic-energy photoelectron spectroscopy technique and inspired by the data treatment employed in slow photoelectron spectroscopy. This method has been successfully applied to two well-known systems: the XΠ( = 0) ← XΣ+g( = 0) and the XΣ( = 2) ← XΠ( = 0) ionizing transitions of CO and NO, respectively. The first results highlight several advantages of our technique such as an improved signal-to-noise ratio without degrading the spectral resolution and a direct field-free energy determination.

Photoionization Cross Section of the NH Free Radical in the 11.1-15.7 eV Energy Range.

The NH radical is a key component in many astrophysical environments, both in its neutral and cationic forms, being involved in the formation of complex N-bearing species. To gain insight into the photochemical processes into which it operates and to model accurately the ensuing chemical networks, the knowledge of its photoionization efficiency is required, but no quantitative determination has been carried out so far. Combining a flow-tube H-abstraction radical source, a double imaging photoelectron-photoion spectrometer, and a vacuum-ultraviolet synchrotron excitation, the absolute photoionization cross section of the amino radical has been measured in the present work for the first time at two photon energies: σ(12.

Quasi-symmetry effects in the threshold photoelectron spectrum of methyl isocyanate.

The vacuum-ultraviolet threshold photoelectron spectrum of methyl isocyanate CHNCO has been recorded from 10.4 eV to 12 eV using synchrotron radiation and a coincidence technique allowing for a mass-discrimination of the photoelectron signal. A significant improvement is achieved over previous investigations as this experimental setup leads to a much more resolved spectrum.

VUV photoionization of the CHNC radical: adiabatic ionization energy and cationic vibrational mode wavenumber determinations.

The photoelectron spectroscopy of CHNC (isocyanomethyl) radical species is investigated for the first time between 9.3 and 11.2 eV in the vicinity of the first photoionizing transition XA← X B.

To see C: Single-photon ionization of the dicarbon molecule.

The C carbon cluster is found in a large variety of environments including flames, electric discharges, and astrophysical media. Due to spin-selection rules, assessing a complete overview of the dense vibronic landscape of the C cation starting from the ground electronic state X Σg+1 of the neutral is not possible, especially since the C ground state is of X Σg-4 symmetry. In this work, a flow-tube reactor source is employed to generate the neutral C in a mixture of both the lowest singlet X Σg+1 and triplet a Π electronic states.

Quantifying the photoionization cross section of the hydroxyl radical.

The hydroxyl free radical, OH, is one of the most important radicals in atmospheric and interstellar chemistry, and its cation plays a role in the reactions leading to HO formation. Knowledge of the photoionization efficiency of the OH radical is crucial to properly model the water photochemical cycle of atmospheres and astrophysical objects. Using a gas-phase radical source based on a single H-abstraction reaction combined with a photoelectron/photoion imaging coincidence spectrometer coupled with synchrotron radiation, we recorded the OH photoion yield over the 12.

Ruthenium-Containing Linear Helicates and Mesocates with Tuneable p53-Selective Cytotoxicity in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

The ligands L and L both form separable dinuclear double-stranded helicate and mesocate complexes with Ru . In contrast to clinically approved platinates, the helicate isomer of [Ru (L ) ] was preferentially cytotoxic to isogenic cells (HCT116 p53 ), which lack the critical tumour suppressor gene. The mesocate isomer shows the reverse selectivity, with the achiral isomer being preferentially cytotoxic towards HCT116 p53 .

Combined treatment with memantine/es-citalopram for older depressed patients with cognitive impairment: a pilot study.

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess combined antidepressant and memantine treatment in older patients presenting with depression and cognitive impairment.

Methods: Thirty-five depressed patients with cognitive impairment participated in this open-label pilot study. We evaluated whether, over a 48-week period, combined antidepressant (primarily es-citalopram) and memantine treatment was effective in the treatment of cognitive impairment and depression.

Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled donepezil augmentation in antidepressant-treated elderly patients with depression and cognitive impairment: a pilot study.

Objective: To assess combined antidepressant and cognitive enhancer treatment in elderly patients presenting with depression plus cognitive impairment.

Methods: Twenty-three elderly (>50 years old) depressed, cognitively impaired (DEP-CI) patients participated in a pilot study. We evaluated whether, after 8 weeks of open antidepressant treatment, donepezil HCl (Aricept) would afford added cognitive benefit compared to placebo in a randomized 12-week trial.

Older adults' preferences for exercising alone versus in groups: considering contextual congruence.

Background: A growing body of research suggests that older exercisers prefer to exercise alone rather than in group-based settings. One limitation of these studies, however, has been that researchers have failed to take into account the age-related characteristics of groups when asking adults about their preferences for exercise settings.

Purpose: The overall purpose of this study was to examine the exercise preferences of 947 adults for involvement in standard exercise classes populated by participants from various categories across the age spectrum.