Methodological Approaches for Measuring the Association Between Heat Exposure and Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Global Scoping Review.

Objective: To synthesize the methodologies of studies that evaluate the impacts of heat exposure on morbidity and mortality.

Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from date of inception until 1 March 2023 for English language literature on heat exposure and health outcomes. Records were collated, deduplicated and screened, and full texts were reviewed for inclusion and data abstraction.

Say their names: Resurgence in the collective attention toward Black victims of fatal police violence following the death of George Floyd.

The murder of George Floyd by police in May 2020 sparked international protests and brought unparalleled levels of attention to the Black Lives Matter movement. As we show, his death set record levels of activity and amplification on Twitter, prompted the saddest day in the platform's history, and caused his name to appear among the ten most frequently used phrases in a day, where he is the only individual to have ever received that level of attention who was not known to the public earlier that same week. Importantly, we find that the Black Lives Matter movement's rhetorical strategy to connect and repeat the names of past Black victims of police violence-foregrounding racial injustice as an ongoing pattern rather than a singular event-was exceptionally effective following George Floyd's death: attention given to him extended to over 185 prior Black victims, more than other past moments in the movement's history.

Housing, HIV outcomes, and related comorbidities in persons living with HIV in Washington, DC.

Housing instability can hinder the ability of people with HIV (PWH) to maintain engagement in care, adhere to antiretroviral (ART) regimens, and achieve viral suppression. This analysis examined the association between housing instability and HIV outcomes, as well as the association between housing status and substance use disorders, mental health disorders, and sexually transmitted infections. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed using data from the DC Cohort, a longitudinal cohort of PWH.

The Influence of Interannual Climate Variability on Regional Violent Crime Rates in the United States.

While the impact of climate on regional geopolitical stability and large-scale conflict has garnered increased visibility in recent years, the effects of climate variability on interpersonal violent crime have received only limited scientific attention. Though earlier studies have established a modest correlation between temperature and violent crime, the underlying seasonality in both variables was often not controlled for and spatial heterogeneity of the statistical relationships has largely been overlooked. Here a method of spatial aggregation is applied to the United States, enabling a systematic investigation into the observed relationships between large-scale climate variability and regionally aggregated crime rates.

Pulmonary hypertension among end-stage renal failure patients following hemodialysis access thrombectomy.

Purpose: Percutaneous hemodialysis thrombectomy causes subclinical pulmonary emboli without short-term clinical consequence; the long-term effects on the pulmonary arterial vasculature are unknown. We compared the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension between patients who underwent one or more hemodialysis access thrombectomy procedures with controls without prior thrombectomy.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed.

Results of lesional vs. nonlesional frontal lobe epilepsy surgery.

Fifty-three seizure focus resections limited to the frontal lobe were performed. Forty-nine had adequate follow-up. Five of 17 (29%) nonlesional (NL) cases and 21 of 32 (66%) lesional (L) cases were seizure free (SF) at 1 year postoperatively.

Cryopreservation of murine ovarian tissue.

To determine the feasibility of ovarian transplantation using cryopreserved tissue, ovaries were removed from anesthetized 12- to 20-week-old female mice. The controls consisted of a sham-operated group and an oophorectomized group, and the experimental groups were autologous transplants with and without cryopreservation. Ovaries for cryopreservation were suspended in 1.

Absence of drug effects on rabbit blood-aqueous barrier permeability to non-electrolytes.

The effects of either topical epinephrine, norepinephrine or pilocarpine upon the entry of non-transported radioactive solutes into the anterior or posterior chamber of pigmented rabbit eyes was examined after intravenous solute perfusion. Solutes employed were urea, thiourea, sucrose and inulin. They were infused at a rate that maintained constant plasma levels from 1 minute through 5 hours of intravenous perfusion.

Acute renal failure in sickle cell anemia.

We performed a case-control study of acute renal failure (ARF) in patients hospitalized with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Twelve of the 116 patients (10.3%) whose records were suitable for analysis were diagnosed as having ARF based on a minimum of doubling of their serum creatinine levels (mean rise was 205 +/- 49%).

Prevalence of dystonia in veterans on chronic antipsychotic therapy.

The prevalence of dystonia was studied in 125 veterans on chronic antipsychotic therapy using a detailed and systematic examination. Twenty-seven out of 125 had dystonic manifestations. The most common areas involved were hands and jaw.

Relation between the ventriculographic silhouette and topography of thoracic potential in coronary artery disease.

The body surface potential map obtained within 30 days of cardiac catheterization was examined in 180 patients with coronary artery disease. Radii to the systolic and diastolic boundaries of the right anterior oblique ventriculogram were measured at 18 degrees intervals; isointegral voltages were tabulated for early and late halves of the QRS complex at 35 definitive electrode sites. Multivariate analysis showed all ray lengths depended on all 70 voltage values.

Nocturnal urinary protein excretion rates in patients with sleep apnea.

We observed nocturnal urinary protein excretion to be 16.2 +/- 5.5 micrograms/min (mean +/- SE) in 9 healthy control subjects (group I), 29.

Serial noninvasive evaluation of cardiovascular hemodynamics during pregnancy.

M-mode echocardiography, in combination with electrocardiography and phonocardiography, has been used to measure pulmonary capillary pressure as well as other cardiac functions. Serial hemodynamic evaluations by use of this technique were performed in seven healthy pregnant women in the recumbent position. Each patient had five studies: four antenatal studies and one postpartum study that served as a control.

Radioimmunoassay of progesterone in saliva: a simplified technique using 125I-radioligand.

The value of serial salivary progesterone (P) determinations for evaluation of corpus luteum function compared with sporadic serum samplings is recognized. Salivary P concentrations have previously been determined by a relatively difficult assay which utilizes a tritiated radioligand. The present study was designed to compare this conventional method with a simpler assay utilizing an iodinated radioligand.

Racial variations in electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms between black and white children and their genesis.

Despite a general clinical impression that the ECG of black children differs from that of white children, none of the normal standards in children have taken race into consideration. Biographic data, blood pressure, hemoglobin, ECG, Frank VCG and echocardiogram were obtained in 244 normal children (124 blacks and 120 whites) aged 3-17 years and 144 measured parameters and 57 computed variables were analyzed. The children were divided into age groups of 3-5, 6-10, 11-14, and 15-17 years.

Increased prevalence of polycythemia vera in parents of patients on polycythemia vera study group protocols.

An investigation of relatives of 652 patients entered on studies of the Polycythemia Vera Study Group yielded five documented cases of the disease among the parents of patients. When compared with expected values based on the Connecticut Tumor Registry and other population studies a significant increase was found in the lifetime incidence of polycythemia vera in parents of these patients.

Acyclovir and vidarabine monophosphate: comparison of iontophoretic and intravenous administration for the treatment of HSV-1 stromal keratitis.

We determined the therapeutic efficacy of iontophoretic application of acyclovir and vidarabine monophosphate (ara-AMP) for the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1-induced stromal keratitis in rabbits. The therapeutic efficacy of intravenous administration of acyclovir was assessed in the same model. Stromal keratitis was produced by intrastromal injection of 10 microliters purified HSV-1, McKrae strain.

Glycosylated hemoglobins in normal pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Glycosylated hemoglobins (HbA1) were measured in 23 nonpregnant women, 53 normal pregnant women, and 22 Class A diabetics; the results were 6.1 +/- 0.7%, 5.

Acid-base determinations in amniotic fluid and blood of normal late pregnancy.

Amniotic fluid (AF) and arterial blood were obtained almost simultaneously from 59 healthy third-trimester pregnant women. Oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions (Po2, Pco2), pH, bicarbonate (Bicarb), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), lactate (L), and pyruvate (P) concentrations were measured. Only AF-Bicarb, AF-TCO2, AF-pH, and AF-P showed a statistically significant correlation, negative, with gestational age.

Twelve-year experience with mitral valve replacement.

Between 1962 and 1974, 203 mitral prostheses were implanted in 201 patients. Of the 102 survivors, 29 have Beall, 25 Kay-Shiley, 22 Starr-Edwards (SE) 6000, and 27 SE 6320 valves. Full rehabilitation was achieved in 25 patients with Beall and 23 with SE 6320 valves.