Antipsychotic-Related Prolactin Levels and Sexual Dysfunction in Mentally Ill Youth: A 3-Month Cohort Study.

Objective: Although these agents are used frequently, prospective data comparing serotonin/dopamine antagonists/partial agonists (SDAs) in youth regarding prolactin levels and sexual adverse effects (SeAEs) are scarce.

Method: Youth aged 4 to 17 years, SDA-naive (≤1 week exposure) or SDA-free for ≥4 weeks were followed for ≤12 weeks on clinician's-choice aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, or risperidone. Serum prolactin levels, SDA plasma levels, and rating scale-based SeAEs were assessed monthly.

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain Sym1, a Bacterial Associate of Symbiodinium linucheae, the Microalgal Symbiont of the Anemone .

We sequenced the genome of sp. strain Sym1, a strain isolated from a monoculture of a Symbiodiniaceae marine dinoflagellate, Symbiodinium linucheae, a microalgal symbiont of cnidarians. The completed genome consists of one circular chromosome of 6,694,563 bp and four plasmids of 192,102 bp, 160,136 bp, 120,881 bp, and 89,413 bp.

Metagenome-Assembled Genome HetDA_MAG_MH13 of the Family , from a Marine N2-fixing Cyanobacterial Enrichment Culture.

Here, we present a draft genome in the order and family . This draft genome comes from an enrichment of a heterocystous, cyanobacterial diazotroph (HetDA) that was originally living in association with species. This organism is proposed to be an anoxygenic phototroph capable of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA).

Polycystic ovary syndrome: epidemiologic assessment of prevalence of systemic rheumatic and autoimmune diseases.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) causes anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Hormonal imbalance is known to contribute to systemic autoimmune diseases.

Objective: To examine the frequency of certain rheumatic diseases in PCOS.

The Energetic Potential for Undiscovered Manganese Metabolisms in Nature.

Microorganisms are found in nearly every surface and near-surface environment, where they gain energy by catalyzing reactions among a wide variety of chemical compounds. The discovery of new catabolic strategies and microbial habitats can therefore be guided by determining which redox reactions can supply energy under environmentally-relevant conditions. In this study, we have explored the thermodynamic potential of redox reactions involving manganese, one of the most abundant transition metals in the Earth's crust.

Procedural, clinical, and health status outcomes in chronic total coronary occlusion revascularization: Results from the PERSPECTIVE study.

Background: Limited research has detailed the outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with independent core laboratory and event adjudication. This study examined procedural, clinical, and patient-reported health status outcomes among patients undergoing CTO PCI with specific focus on outcomes for those treated with zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES).

Methods: Among 500 consecutive patients undergoing attempted CTO PCI, procedural and in-hospital clinical outcomes were examined in addition to the 1-year composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization (major adverse cardiac events, MACE).

Transradial approach for coronary chronic total occlusion interventions: Insights from a contemporary multicenter registry.

Objectives: To examine the impact of transradial access on the procedural outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).

Background: The efficacy and safety of transradial access in CTO PCI has received limited study.

Methods: We compared the technique and outcomes of transradial vs.

Percutaneous intervention of circumflex chronic total occlusions is associated with worse procedural outcomes: insights from a Multicentre US Registry.

Background: We sought to determine whether outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) vary according to CTO target vessel: left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA).

Methods: We evaluated the clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of 636 patients who underwent CTO PCI at 6 high-volume centres in the United States between January 2012 and March 2014.

Results: The CTO target vessel was the RCA in 387 cases (61%), LAD in 132 (21%), and LCX in 117 (18%).

The efficacy and safety of the "hybrid" approach to coronary chronic total occlusions: insights from a contemporary multicenter US registry and comparison with prior studies.

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) is challenging and has been associated with low success rates. However, recent advancements in equipment and the flexibility to switch between multiple technical approaches during the same procedure ("hybrid" percutaneous algorithm) have dramatically increased the success of CTO-PCI. We sought to compare the contemporary procedural outcomes of hybrid CTO-PCI with previously published CTO-PCI studies.

Gynaecomastia--pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment.

Gynaecomastia (enlargement of the male breast tissue) is a common finding in the general population. Most cases of gynaecomastia are benign and of cosmetic, rather than clinical, importance. However, the condition might cause local pain and tenderness, could occasionally be the result of a serious underlying illness or a medication, or be inherited.

Application of the "hybrid approach" to chronic total occlusions in patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery (from a Contemporary Multicenter US registry).

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTOs) has been traditionally associated with lower success rates in patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). We sought to examine the success and complication rates of CTO PCI using the "hybrid" crossing algorithm among patients with a history of previous CABG. The procedural outcomes of 496 consecutive CTO PCIs performed at 5 high-volume PCI centers in the United States from January 2012 to August 2013 were assessed.

The efficacy of "hybrid" percutaneous coronary intervention in chronic total occlusions caused by in-stent restenosis: insights from a US multicenter registry.

Objectives: To examine the success and complication rates in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTO) caused by in-stent restenosis (ISR).

Background: PCI for in-stent total occlusive disease has traditionally been associated with low success rates. We sought to examine angiographic and procedural outcomes of patients who underwent CTO PCI due to ISR using the novel "hybrid" algorithm, and compare them with patients with de novo CTOs.

Temporal trends of fluoroscopy time and contrast utilization in coronary chronic total occlusion revascularization: insights from a multicenter United States registry.

Background: The impact of operator experience on fluoroscopy time and contrast utilization during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) has received limited study.

Methods: We evaluated temporal trends in fluoroscopy time and contrast utilization among 1,363 consecutive CTO PCIs performed at three US institutions between January 2006 and November 2011.

Results: Mean age was 65 ± 11 years, 85% of patients were men, 40% had diabetes, 37% had prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and 42% had prior PCI.

Prospective, head-to-head comparison of quantitative coronary angiography, quantitative computed tomography angiography, and intravascular ultrasound for the prediction of hemodynamic significance in intermediate and severe lesions, using fractional flow reserve as reference standard (from the ATLANTA I and II Study).

The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative coronary angiography (QCA), coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) with fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements. Eighty-five lesions (40% to 99% diameter stenosis) in 85 patients were prospectively interrogated by QCA, CTA, IVUS, and FFR. Minimal lumen diameter (MLD), percent diameter stenosis (%DS), minimal lumen area (MLA), and percent area stenosis (%AS) were measured.

Prospective validation that vulnerable plaque associated with major adverse outcomes have larger plaque volume, less dense calcium, and more non-calcified plaque by quantitative, three-dimensional measurements using intravascular ultrasound with radiofrequency backscatter analysis : results from the ATLANTA I Study.

Whether quantitative, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional plaque measurements by intravascular ultrasound with radiofrequency backscatter (IVUS/VH) are different between intermediate lesions with or without major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is unknown. IVUS/VH-derived parameters were compared in 60 patients with an intermediate coronary lesion (40-70 %) between lesions that did or did not result in MACE over 12 months. IVUS/VH measurements were done at the site of the minimal lumen area (MLA) and on a per-plaque basis, defined by 40 % plaque burden.

Procedural outcomes of revascularization of chronic total occlusion of native coronary arteries (from a multicenter United States registry).

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) is a rapidly evolving area of interventional cardiology. We sought to examine the immediate procedural and in-hospital clinical outcomes of native coronary artery CTO PCI from a multicenter United States (US) registry. We retrospectively examined the procedural outcomes of 1,361 consecutive native coronary artery CTO PCIs performed at 3 US institutions from January 2006 to November 2011.

Impact of prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery on chronic total occlusion revascularisation: insights from a multicentre US registry.

Objective: To investigate the impact of prior coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery on the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTO).

Design: Observational retrospective study.

Setting: Three tertiary hospitals in the USA.

Development of a high-volume, multiple-operator program for percutaneous chronic total coronary occlusion revascularization: procedural, clinical, and cost-utilization outcomes.

Background: Development of a specialized chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO) revascularization program attentive to procedural guidelines, quality oversight, and cost/resource utilization has not been described.

Methods: A single-center CTO interventional program was initiated with requirements including: extensive didactic training, on-site proctorship, routine determination of case appropriateness, adherence to procedural safety guidelines, and a 2-operator/case approach. Clinical and angiographic characteristics, procedural outcomes, in-hospital clinical events, and cost/resource utilization were examined.

Retrograde coronary chronic total occlusion revascularization: procedural and in-hospital outcomes from a multicenter registry in the United States.

Objectives: This study sought to examine the contemporary outcomes of retrograde chronic total occlusion (CTO) interventions among 3 experienced U.S. centers.

Osteoporosis and fracture risk in people with schizophrenia.

Purpose Of Review: Excessive bone mineral density (BMD) loss has been associated with schizophrenia, but its mechanisms and clinical implications are less clear. The aim of this review was to summarize the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures in schizophrenia patients. Moreover, we aimed to examine the impact of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia on bone metabolism.

Absorption of levothyroxine when coadministered with various calcium formulations.

Background: Calcium carbonate is a commonly used dietary supplement and has been shown to interfere with levothyroxine absorption. However, calcium citrate, which is also used for supplementation purposes, has not been studied previously and calcium acetate, which is used to treat hyperphosphatemia in renal failure, has been reported to show little or no interference with levothyroxine absorption in a retrospective pharmacoepidemiologic study. We aimed to compare the effect of these three calcium formulations on levothyroxine absorption.

Prospective validation of standardized, 3-dimensional, quantitative coronary computed tomographic plaque measurements using radiofrequency backscatter intravascular ultrasound as reference standard in intermediate coronary arterial lesions: results from the ATLANTA (assessment of tissue characteristics, lesion morphology, and hemodynamics by angiography with fractional flow reserve, intravascular ultrasound and virtual histology, and noninvasive computed tomography in atherosclerotic plaques) I study.

Objectives: This study sought to determine the accuracy of 3-dimensional, quantitative measurements of coronary plaque by computed tomography angiography (CTA) against intravascular ultrasound with radiofrequency backscatter analysis (IVUS/VH).

Background: Quantitative, 3-dimensional coronary CTA plaque measurements have not been validated against IVUS/VH.

Methods: Sixty patients in a prospective study underwent coronary X-ray angiography, IVUS/VH, and coronary CTA.

Approach to the patient with gynecomastia.

Gynecomastia is a common and sometimes distressing condition that may occur in males of all ages. Although most cases have benign causes and many are self-limited, male breast enlargement may also be a sign of underlying systemic disease or drug toxicity. Although rare, male breast cancer must also be considered in the differential diagnosis.