First Measurement of the Nuclear-Recoil Ionization Yield in Silicon at 100 eV.

We measured the nuclear-recoil ionization yield in silicon with a cryogenic phonon-sensitive gram-scale detector. Neutrons from a monoenergetic beam scatter off of the silicon nuclei at angles corresponding to energy depositions from 4 keV down to 100 eV, the lowest energy probed so far. The results show no sign of an ionization production threshold above 100 eV.

The opioid crisis fuelled by health systems: how will future physicians fare?

The opioid crisis continues to affect many areas worldwide, raising questions regarding prescribing indications. There is no consensus on negotiating the need for pain relief and the potential for medically prescribed opioid-related harm/addiction. These issues present an enormous educational challenge to physicians in training, particularly those whose mandate is to understand and respond to varying forms of pain.

The relationship of cervicothoracic mobility restrictions to fall risk and fear of falling in ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine whether restricted cervical mobility in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with increased fall frequency or fear of falling.

Methods: A total of 134 AS patients and 199 age- and gender-matched control subjects (CS) with soft-tissue cervicothoracic pain were prospectively evaluated for fall risk. Subjects were divided into non-fallers, single fallers, and multiple fallers.

Screening and diagnostic breast MRI: how do they impact surgical treatment? Insights from the MIPA study.

Objectives: To report mastectomy and reoperation rates in women who had breast MRI for screening (S-MRI subgroup) or diagnostic (D-MRI subgroup) purposes, using multivariable analysis for investigating the role of MRI referral/nonreferral and other covariates in driving surgical outcomes.

Methods: The MIPA observational study enrolled women aged 18-80 years with newly diagnosed breast cancer destined to have surgery as the primary treatment, in 27 centres worldwide. Mastectomy and reoperation rates were compared using non-parametric tests and multivariable analysis.

A Qualitative Investigation of Burnout and Well-being Among Faculty and Residents in a Canadian Psychiatry Department.

Objective: This study used semi-structured interviews with faculty and residents in psychiatry to inform a qualitative, process-based understanding of well-being and related concepts, as well as to identify and critically explore strategies for maintaining well-being in psychiatry.

Methods: Using interpretive description as a qualitative research methodology, semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 12 faculty (nine clinical and three non-clinical) and five residents in a Canadian psychiatry department between September and December 2019, prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and subsequently analyzed for themes by the research team.

Development and validation of a short-term breast health measure as a supplement to screening mammography.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence to support tears as a non-traditional biological fluid in clinical laboratory testing. In addition to the simplicity of tear fluid processing, the ability to access key cancer biomarkers in high concentrations quickly and inexpensively is significantly enhanced. Tear fluid is a dynamic environment rich in both proteomic and genomic information, making it an ideal medium for exploring the potential for biological testing modalities.

Perspectives on mental health services for medical students at a Ugandan medical school.

Background: University-based mental health services for medical students remain a challenge, particularly in low-income countries, due to poor service availability. Prior studies have explored the availability of mental health services in high-income countries but little is known about mental health services in countries in sub-Saharan Africa, such as Uganda. Medical students are at a higher risk of developing mental health challenges during their course of study as compared with other students.

Determine the vertical ground reaction forces and knee mechanics with different gait inclinations in the sheep model.

Our current understanding of knee mechanics and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) function is predominately based on data recorded during simulations of clinical examinations or the application of nonphysiologic loads and motions. These methodologies provide little information on knee and ACL mechanics during activities of daily living (ADLs). Additionally, researchers have not directly measured knee kinetics, knee contact pressures, and ACL forces, and it is unknown how these parameters change with different activities.

Sexual and reproductive health and rights of "last mile" adolescents: a scoping review.

Globally, significant progress has been made in the realm of adolescent sexual and reproductive health. We conceptualised "last mile" adolescents as having two or more of the following factors of identity: refugee, Indigenous, 2SLGBTQIA+, out of school, rurally or remotely located, slum dwelling, incarcerated or previously incarcerated, HIV/AIDS infected, and living with a disability. We conducted a scoping review with an aim to synthesise evidence and identify research gaps in the literature pertaining to the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of last mile adolescents.

Using tears as a non-invasive source for early detection of breast cancer.

The changing expression levels of ocular proteins in response to systemic disease has been well established in literature. In this study, we examined the ocular proteome to identify protein biomarkers with altered expression levels in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Tear samples were collected from 273 participants using Schirmer strip collection methods.

Mental Disorder Symptoms and the Relationship with Resilience among Paramedics in a Single Canadian Site.

There is growing recognition in research and policy of a mental health crisis among Canada's paramedics; however, despite this, epidemiological surveillance of the problem is in its infancy. Just weeks before the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, we surveyed paramedics from a single, large, urban paramedic service in Ontario, Canada to assess for symptom clusters consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder and to identify potential risk factors for each. In total, we received 589 completed surveys (97% completion rate) and found that 11% screened positive for PTSD, 15% screened positive for major depressive disorder, and 15% screened positive for generalized anxiety disorder, with one in four active-duty paramedics screening positive for any of the three as recently as February 2020.

Role Identity, Dissonance, and Distress among Paramedics.

Role identity theory describes the purpose and meaning in life that comes, in part, from occupying social roles. While robustly linked to health and wellbeing, this may become unideal when an individual is unable to fulfill the perceived requirements of an especially salient role in the manner that they believe they should. Amid high rates of mental illness among public safety personnel, we interviewed a purposely selected sample of 21 paramedics from a single service in Ontario, Canada, to explore incongruence between an espoused and able-to-enact paramedic role identity.

Magnetic resonance imaging before breast cancer surgery: results of an observational multicenter international prospective analysis (MIPA).

Objectives: Preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can inform surgical planning but might cause overtreatment by increasing the mastectomy rate. The Multicenter International Prospective Analysis (MIPA) study investigated this controversial issue.

Methods: This observational study enrolled women aged 18-80 years with biopsy-proven breast cancer, who underwent MRI in addition to conventional imaging (mammography and/or breast ultrasonography) or conventional imaging alone before surgery as routine practice at 27 centers.

Leading from Behind: An Educational Intervention to Address Faculty and Learner Preparedness for Competence By Design in Psychiatry.

Purpose: Residency training programs across Canada are beginning to implement the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada's new Competence By Design (CBD) framework in medical education. The objective of the current research was to assess faculty members' and learners' understanding of, and preparedness for, the national shift to CBD in psychiatry before and after an educational intervention.

Methods: The current research implemented a pre-test/post-test design to investigate faculty members' and learners' perceptions and attitudes towards competency-based medical education (CBME) and CBD before and after a one-hour educational session delivered by an expert on CBME.

Patients' perspectives on the experience of absconding from a psychiatric hospital: a qualitative study.

Background: Absconding (i.e., escaping) is common among patients with mental illness admitted to psychiatric hospitals.

One Room Schoolhouse: A Novel Intervention for Inspired Academic Half-Day Learning in Distributed Campus Settings.

Introduction: Some studies on academic half days (AHDs) suggest that learning in this context is associated with a lack of educational engagement. This challenge may be amplified in distributed campus settings, where geographical disadvantages demand reliance on videoconferencing or considerable time spent travelling to in-person learning events. Concerns about the educational effectiveness of AHDs by learners within our distributed campus setting led to the development and evaluation of the One Room Schoolhouse (ORS), a unique, evidence-informed, community-based curriculum that partially replaced the AHD sessions delivered at the main campus.

LIVES for families psychological first aid training programme to address COVID-19 psychological distress: a mixed methods acceptability and feasibility protocol.

Introduction: Best practice approaches for addressing COVID-19-related psychological distress among young people (<25 years) and their families remain unclear. Psychological first aid (PFA) is promoted by public health authorities to provide psychological support in the context of extreme events; however, there is limited evidence for its effectiveness. As a prerequisite to conducting a randomised controlled trial to examine programme effectiveness, this project is evaluating the acceptability and feasibility of implementing and evaluating a PFA training programme ('LIVES for Families') for mental health (MH) practitioners to improve their ability to recognise and respond to COVID-19-related psychological distress among their clients.

When Grades Are High but Self-Efficacy Is Low: Unpacking the Confidence Gap Between Girls and Boys in Mathematics.

Girls have much lower mathematics self-efficacy than boys, a likely contributor to the underrepresentation of women in STEM. To help explain this gender confidence gap, we examined predictors of mathematics self-efficacy in a sample of 1,007 9th graders aged 13-18 years (54.2% girls).