Relationship Between Number of Different Lower-Limb Resistance Exercises Prescribed in a Program and Exercise Outcomes in People With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review With Meta-Regression.

Objective: We determine whether there is a relationship between the number of different lower-limb resistance exercises prescribed in a program and outcomes for people with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: We used a systematic review with meta-regression. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and Embase up to January 4, 2024.

A Study on the Effectiveness of Musculoskeletal Corticosteroid Injections for Reducing Patient Symptom Scores in Primary Care Practice.

Objectives: To present data on the effectiveness of corticosteroid injections (CSI) in reducing symptom scores for musculoskeletal conditions in patients treated in an NHS primary care CSI service. The data will also examine whether adding local anaesthetic to the corticosteroid preparation affects the overall patient outcomes in symptom scores.

Methods: A Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) questionnaire was used to collect data.

Boosting inpatient exercise after hip fracture using an alternative workforce: a mixed methods implementation evaluation.

Background: Hip fracture has a devastating impact on individuals and is an increasing burden for health systems and society. Compared to usual care, increased physiotherapy provision has demonstrated efficacy in improving patient and health service outcomes in this population. However, physiotherapy workforce challenges prevent sustained implementation.

Possible transport pathway of diazotrophic Trichodesmium by Agulhas Leakage from the Indian into the Atlantic Ocean.

Diazotrophic cyanobacteria such as Trichodesmium play a crucial role in the nitrogen budget of the oceans due to their capability to bind atmospheric nitrogen. Little is known about their interoceanic transport pathways and their distribution in upwelling regions. Trichodesmium has been detected using a Video Plankton Recorder (VPR) mounted on a remotely operated towed vehicle (TRIAXUS) in the southern and northern Benguela Upwelling System (BUS) in austral autumn, Feb/Mar 2019.

Improving musculoskeletal physiotherapists' confidence in patient-centred care informed by acceptance and commitment therapy: A descriptive study.

Background: Patient-centred care is essential for high quality musculoskeletal care, however, few evidence-based opportunities exist that address the barriers to implementation for clinicians.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a simulation-based educational strategy for musculoskeletal physiotherapists to increase knowledge and confidence in patient-centred care.

Methods: Repeated-measures, single-group educational interventional descriptive study.

Does the Duty of Rescue support a moral obligation to vaccinate? Seasonal influenza and the Institutional Duty of Rescue.

Seasonal influenza poses a significant public health risk in many countries worldwide. Lower immunity and less influenza virus circulating during the pandemic has resulted in a significant increase in cases since the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in 2022. The seasonal influenza vaccine offers effective protection and is safe for use in large numbers of the population.

Flexibly funding WHO? An analysis of its donors' voluntary contributions.

Introduction: Since the 1970s, voluntary contributions have become an increasingly important component of WHO's budget. As voluntary contributions tend to be earmarked for donor-specified programmes and projects, there are concerns that this trend has diverted focus away from WHO's strategic priorities, made coordination and attaining coherence more difficult, undermined WHO's democratic structures and given undue power to a handful of wealthy donors. In the past few years, the WHO Secretariat has pushed for donors to increase the amount of flexible funding they provide.

The modifier effect of physical activity, body mass index, and age on the association of metformin and chronic back pain: A cross-sectional analysis of 21,899 participants from the UK Biobank.

Background: There is growing evidence of the anti-inflammatory effect of the anti-diabetic drug metformin and its use to reduce pain. However, we currently lack studies investigating whether metformin is associated with a reduction in chronic back pain prevalence when considering physical activity levels, body mass index (BMI), and age.

Objective: To investigate whether use of metformin is associated with lower levels of reporting of chronic back pain in a large cohort with type 2 diabetes when stratified for physical activity, BMI, and age.

Prevalence and determinants of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and fatigue five years after total knee replacement.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and fatigue five years after total knee replacement surgery.

Design: A longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: Community-dwelling adults who had previously undergone total knee replacement.

Does resilience predict hospital length of stay after total knee arthroplasty? A prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Resilience, or the ability to bounce back from stress, is a key psychological factor that is associated with ongoing functional independence and higher quality of life in older adults in the context of chronic health conditions. Emerging research has explored resilience and patient-reported outcomes after TKA. Our primary aim was to explore the relationship between resilience and acute hospital length of stay after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Perceptions of Noninvasive Ventilation During Exercise in Noninvasive Ventilation-Naïve Patients With COPD.

Background: The perceptions of using noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during exercise in patients with COPD who are naïve to NIV is unknown. The present study aimed to examine the perceptions of using NIV during exercise in people with COPD and to determine the relationship between patient perceptions with both baseline patient characteristics and exercise outcomes.

Methods: During a trial examining the effect of NIV during exercise on dynamic hyperinflation in people with COPD who were naïve to NIV, participants completed a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire (scored strongly disagree -2 to strongly agree +2) before and after using NIV during exercise and a semi-structured interview after using NIV during exercise.

Pharmacological inhibition of MERTK induces in vivo retinal degeneration: a multimodal imaging ocular safety assessment.

The receptor tyrosine kinase, MERTK, plays an essential role in homeostasis of the retina via efferocytosis of shed outer nuclear segments of photoreceptors. The Royal College of Surgeons rat model of retinal degeneration has been linked to loss-of-function of MERTK, and together with the MERTK knock-out mouse, phenocopy retinitis pigmentosa in humans with MERTK mutations. Given recent efforts and interest in MERTK as a potential immuno-oncology target, development of a strategy to assess ocular safety at an early pre-clinical stage is critical.

Knowledge, skills and barriers to evidence-based practice and the impact of a flipped classroom training program for physical therapists: An observational study.

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, skills and barriers to evidence-based practice and the impact of evidence-based practice training for physical therapy clinicians.

Methods: Physical therapists from a health district in Sydney, Australia were invited to participate. The primary outcome was the Assessing Competency in Evidence-based Medicine scale (range 0-15; 15 is high knowledge and skill) to quantify knowledge and skills.

BSHI/BTS guidance on crossmatching before deceased donor kidney transplantation.

All UK H&I laboratories and transplant units operate under a single national kidney offering policy, but there have been variations in approach regarding when to undertake the pre-transplant crossmatch test. In order to minimize cold ischaemia times for deceased donor kidney transplantation we sought to find ways to be able to report a crossmatch result as early as possible in the donation process. A panel of experts in transplant surgery, nephrology, specialist nursing in organ donation and H&I (all relevant UK laboratories represented) assessed evidence and opinion concerning five factors that relate to the effectiveness of the crossmatch process, as follows: when the result should be ready for reporting; what level of donor HLA typing is needed; crossmatch sample type and availability; fairness and equity; risks and patient safety.

Bilevel Noninvasive Ventilation During Exercise Reduces Dynamic Hyperinflation and Improves Cycle Endurance Time in Severe to Very Severe COPD.

Background: During exercise, dynamic hyperinflation (DH), measured by a reduction in inspiratory capacity (IC), increases exertional dyspnea and reduces functional capacity in many patients with severe COPD. Although noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during exercise can improve exercise duration, the effect on DH is unclear.

Research Questions: In people with COPD, resting hyperinflation, and evidence of DH during exercise, does bilevel NIV during exercise reduce DH and increase endurance time compared with exercise with no NIV, and does NIV with an individually titrated expiratory positive airway pressure (T-EPAP) reduce DH and increase exercise endurance time more than NIV with standardized EPAP (S-EPAP) of 5 cm HO?

Study Design And Methods: A randomized crossover trial in which investigators and participants were blinded between NIV interventions was performed.

Clinical risk factors associated with radiographic osteoarthritis progression among people with knee pain: a longitudinal study.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify modifiable clinical factors associated with radiographic osteoarthritis progression over 1 to 2 years in people with painful medial knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted within a randomised controlled trial, the "Long-term Evaluation of Glucosamine Sulfate" (LEGS study). Recruitment occurred in 2007-2009, with 1- and 2-year follow-up assessments by blinded assessors.

Parent and Metabolite Concentration-QT Modeling to Evaluate QT-Interval Prolongation at Savolitinib Therapeutic Doses.

Savolitinib is an oral, potent, and highly selective MET-tyrosine kinase inhibitor under investigation in various tumor types. A thorough QT study evaluated effects on QT interval after a 600-mg single savolitinib dose in healthy subjects. We report exposure-response (E-R) modeling from this study to characterize the effects of savolitinib and its metabolites, M2 and M3, on QTc changes.