Benign Posttraumatic Pseudopneumoperitoneum.

Objective: The objective of our study was to retrospectively determine the anatomic distribution of chest wall ectopic gas resembling pneumoperitoneum (i.e., pseudopneumoperitoneum) and its relationship with trauma mechanisms and clinical outcomes using CT.

A Highly Active Manganese Catalyst for Enantioselective Ketone and Ester Hydrogenation.

A new hydrogenation catalyst based on a manganese complex of a chiral P,N,N ligand has been found to be especially active for the hydrogenation of esters down to 0.1 mol % catalyst loading, and gives up to 97 % ee in the hydrogenation of pro-chiral deactivated ketones at 30-50 °C.

Catalytic constructive deoxygenation of lignin-derived phenols: new C-C bond formation processes from imidazole-sulfonates and ether cleavage reactions.

As part of a programme aimed at exploiting lignin as a chemical feedstock for less oxygenated fine chemicals, several catalytic C-C bond forming reactions utilising guaiacol imidazole sulfonate are demonstrated. These include the cross-coupling of a Grignard, a non-toxic cyanide source, a benzoxazole, and nitromethane. A modified Meyers reaction is used to accomplish a second constructive deoxygenation on a benzoxazole functionalised anisole.

Ultrasound appearance of scrotal fat necrosis in prepubertal boys.

Background: Scrotal fat necrosis is a rare cause of scrotal pain in prepubertal boys. Despite its characteristic clinical presentation, it is an under-recognized entity. Specific scrotal US imaging features of this condition have not been previously reported.

The clinical home community: a model for community-based education.

Background: Escalating health care costs, racial inequities and socioeconomic disparities have limited access for many to even the barest of health care services. The paradigm shift to a health promotion, disease prevention, and health restoration model within a community-based framework demands greater integrated learning experiences for nursing students that are centred where clients live, work, and play.

Aim: To describe the process of developing, implementing and evaluating a rural New England University's experience of piloting a clinical home community model within its existing baccalaureate curriculum.

Computationally determined existence and stability of transverse structures. II. Multipeaked cavity solitons.

We apply quasi-exact numerical techniques to the calculation of stationary one- and two-dimensional, bound multipeaked cavity soliton solutions of a model describing a saturable absorber in a driven optical cavity. We calculate the existence and stability domains of a wide range of such states and determine the perturbative eigenmodes that cause loss of stability. We relate the existence of N-peaked states to the locking range between patterned and homogeneous solutions, as a function of two parameters.

Computationally determined existence and stability of transverse structures. I. Periodic optical patterns.

We present a Fourier-transform based, computer-assisted, technique to find the stationary solutions of a model describing a saturable absorber in a driven optical cavity. We illustrate the method by finding essentially exact hexagonal and roll solutions as a function of wave number and of the input pump. The method, which is widely applicable, also allows the determination of the domain of stability (Busse balloon) of the pattern, and sheds light on the mechanisms responsible for any instability.

Body piercing as a risk factor for viral hepatitis: an integrative research review.

The relationship of viral hepatitis and body piercing has been investigated in 12 research studies published between 1974 and 1997. Because there are often a large number of unknowns regarding the cause of viral hepatitis, most of the studies were conducted to identify multiple risk factors for hepatitis. Eight of the 12 studies identified percutaneous exposure, including body piercing and ear piercing, as a risk factor for viral hepatitis.

Cavity solitons in semiconductor microresonators: existence, stability, and dynamical properties.

We apply a versatile numerical technique to establishing the existence of cavity solitons (CS) in a semiconductor microresonator with bulk GaAs or multiple quantum well GaAs/AlGaAs as its active layer. Based on a Newton method, our approach implies the evaluation of the linearized operator describing deviations from the exact stationary state. The eigenvalues of this operator determine the dynamical stability of the CS.

Controlling pattern formation and spatio-temporal disorder in nonlinear optics.

We present a feedback control method for the stabiliza- tion of unstable patterns and for the control of spatio-temporal disor- der. The control takes the form of a spatial modulation to the input pump, which is obtained via filtering in Fourier space of the output electric field. The control is powerful, exible and non-invasive: the feedback vanishes once control is achieved.

Streptococcus pyogenes outbreak in a long-term care facility.

Background: Although outbreaks involving Streptococcus pyogenes have been uncommon among the elderly population, recent reports suggest that this organism is an important nosocomial pathogen among institutionalized older patients and carries significant morbidity and mortality. An outbreak of S. pyogenes, type M12, T12, occurred in a large long-term care institution serving the ill and chronically disabled.

Risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in the elderly.

Purpose: Pneumonia is now the second most frequent hospital-acquired infection in acute-care facilities, and recent studies indicate that the incidence rate for nosocomial pneumonia in long-term-care facilities is of similar magnitude. The mortality rate is high, especially in the elderly. With prevention of this complication as an overall priority, this study was designed to determine the risk factors associated with nosocomial pneumonia in the elderly in both acute-care and long-term-care settings.