Oral Intake of Hydrogen Water Improves Retinal Blood Flow Dysregulation in Response to Flicker Stimulation and Systemic Hyperoxia in Diabetic Mice.

Purpose: To examine the effects of hydrogen water on retinal blood flow (RBF) dysregulation in diabetes, we evaluated changes in RBF in response to flicker stimulation and systemic hyperoxia in diabetic mice.

Methods: Twelve type 2 diabetic mice were divided into a group that received non-hydrogen water (n = 6, control group) and the other that received hydrogen-rich water (0.6-0.

Impairment of flicker-induced increase in retinal blood flow in diabetic pigs.

Purpose: To evaluate retinal blood flow (RBF) regulation in response to RBF stress in maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3) pigs.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Methods: MODY3 pigs (diabetes mellitus [DM] group, n = 8) transfected with the human mutant hepatocyte nuclear factor-1⍺ and normal pigs of the same age (normal group, n = 8) were used as subjects.

Dilation of porcine retinal arterioles to nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavonoid: Roles of nitric oxide and voltage-dependent potassium channel.

We examined the effects of nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavonoid, on the retinal microvascular diameter to determine if they depend on the endothelium and/or smooth muscle to reveal the signaling mechanisms involved in this vasomotor activity. Porcine retinal arterioles were isolated, cannulated, and pressurized without flow in vitro. Video microscopic techniques recorded diametric responses to nobiletin.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage-negative Terson syndrome after intracranial artery treatment with a flow diverter device.

Purpose: To report a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage-negative Terson syndrome following intracranial artery treatment with flow diverter stents.

Observations: A 40-year-old Asian woman presented with floaters in her right eye after treatment of an intracranial aneurysm with flow diverter stents. Vitreous hemorrhage and sub-inner limiting membrane (sub-ILM) hemorrhage were present in her right eye.

Long-Term Follow-Up Changes of Central Choroidal Thickness Thinning after Repeated Anti-VEGF Therapy Injections in Patients with Central Retinal Vein Occlusion-Related Macular Edema with Systemic Hypertension.

Purpose: We investigated the thinning of central choroidal thickness (CCT) following intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs to treat central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)-related macular edema in patients with and without systemic hypertension (HT) to assess the influence of repeated anti-VEGF therapy and HT on the choroid in CRVO eyes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 27 patients with CRVO-related macular edema from January 2014 to July 2017, with follow-ups exceeding 18 months. Visual acuity (VA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and CCT were evaluated before and after initial anti-VEGF drug treatment during follow-up.

Cotton Wool Spots after Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Macular Edema Associated with Central Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Purpose: To report a case series, whereby we encountered a transient increase in retinal cotton wool spots (CWS) following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy for the treatment of macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: Eighteen eyes were treated with intravitreal aflibercept (IVA), and 5 were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR). Fundus photographs obtained 1 month after initial IVA or IVR injections were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of CWS.

Prospective multicenter study of visual outcomes following three different treatments for macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion: a study by the Japanese BRVO study group.

Purpose: To evaluate the visual outcomes of three different treatments for macular edema associated with a branch retinal vein occlusion.

Methods: A 1-year, non-randomized study was conducted at 21 ophthalmological institutes in Japan. All of the patients received one of three treatments: medication per-oral (PO), photocoagulation (PC) or pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).

[Case of retinal ischemia and retinal arteritis secondary to intravitreal nuclear drop].

Background: A rare case of retinal arteritis and retinal ischemia as an incomplete branch retinal artery occlusion is reported following dropped lens fragments into the vitreous body.

Case: A 69 year-old-woman had a cataract OD with corrected visual acuity of 0.4.

Association of electroretinogram and morphological findings in branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the relations among electroretinogram parameters (cone a-wave, cone b-wave, and 30-Hz flicker), retinal thickness, and retinal volume in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and macular edema. We prospectively examined 33 patients (33 eyes) with BRVO and macular edema. The amplitude and implicit time of the a-wave cone, b-wave cone, and 30-Hz flicker were calculated automatically from the ERG.

Functional-morphologic correlates in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion and macular edema.

Purpose: To investigate the relations among best-corrected visual acuity, retinal sensitivity, retinal thickness, and retinal volume in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion, and macular edema.

Methods: In 49 consecutive patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (mean age, 68.2 ± 9.

Vitreous inflammatory factors in macular edema with central retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with macular edema in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: Twenty-nine patients who had CRVO with macular edema and 16 patients with non-ischemic ocular diseases (control group) participated. Retinal ischemia was evaluated by measuring the area of capillary non-perfusion with fluorescein angiography and the public domain Scion Image program.

Influence of macular microcirculation and retinal thickness on visual acuity in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion and macular edema.

Purpose: To investigate perifoveal capillary blood flow velocity and retinal thickness at the central fovea in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and macular edema and to assess their relation with visual acuity and visual prognosis.

Methods: Eighteen patients with BRVO and 16 healthy volunteers were compared. Perifoveal capillary blood flow velocity was measured on fluorescein angiograms with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope by the tracing method.

Pigment epithelium-derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema.

Background: We investigated whether pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) influence macular edema in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). This investigation aimed to clarify the influence of PEDF in the vitreous fluid on retinal vascular permeability in patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO. The findings were expected to be useful for the treatment of macular edema in BRVO patients.

[Pathogenesis of macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion and strategy for treatment].

We summarize the pathogenesis and the treatment strategy for macular edema in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), focusing on the role of the cytokines. Various cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of macular edema associated with BRVO. When BRVO occurs, it leads to retinal ischemia that induces the production of cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by retinal cells such as glial cells and vascular endothelial cells in the occluded region affected by anoxia.

Aqueous humor levels of vasoactive molecules correlate with vitreous levels and macular edema in central retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: Aqueous levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are associated with the severity of macular edema in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). We investigated whether aqueous and vitreous levels of these molecules were correlated in CRVO patients.

Methods: Aqueous and vitreous samples were obtained during cataract surgery and vitreous surgery from 17 patients (17 eyes) with CRVO and macular edema.

Increase of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 in the aqueous humour of patients with macular oedema and central retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) influence macular oedema in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: Sixteen consecutive patients with unilateral CRVO and macular oedema were studied, along with eight age- and sex-matched patients without ischaemic ocular disease. Retinal ischaemia was evaluated from capillary non-perfusion on fluorescein angiography.

Macular microcirculation and macular oedema in branch retinal vein occlusion.

Background/aims: The relationship between the blood-flow velocity in the perifoveal capillaries and macular oedema was investigated in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods: This study compared 18 patients with BRVO and 16 healthy volunteers. Perifoveal capillary blood-flow velocity was measured on fluorescein angiograms with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope by the tracing method.

Macular autofluorescence in eyes with cystoid macula edema, detected with 488 nm-excitation but not with 580 nm-excitation.

Background: Fundus autofluorescence (AF) derives from lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Because lipofuscin is a by-product of phagocytosis of photoreceptors by RPE, AF imaging is expected to describe some functional aspect of the retina. In this study we report distribution of AF in patients showing macular edema.

Vitreous levels of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor in macular edema with central retinal vein occlusion.

Objective: To investigate whether interleukin (IL)-6 or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) influences macular edema in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Participants: Twenty-seven patients who had macular edema with CRVO and 16 patients with nonischemic ocular diseases (control group).

Macular microcirculation in hypertensive patients with and without branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: Our purpose was to determine whether a reduction in blood flow velocity (BFV) in the perifoveal capillaries is involved in the pathogenesis of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in patients with hypertension.

Methods: Subjects included hypertensive patients with (n = 12) and without (n = 16) BRVO and healthy volunteers (n = 16). Perifoveal BFV was measured by the tracing method using fluorescein angiography and a scanning laser ophthalmoscope.

Plasma kinetics and urine profile of ethyl glucosides after oral administration in the rat.

In this in vivo study, the time course of plasma concentration and the urinary excretion of ethyl alpha-D-glucoside (alpha-EG) and ethyl beta-D-glucoside (beta-EG) were investigated in rats after a single oral dose of 4 mmol/kg body weight. Maximal plasma concentrations of both alpha-EG and beta-EG (EGs) reached approximately 3 mM at 1 h after oral administration and then decreased rapidly. Approximately 80% of EGs administered were excreted into the urine during the first 6 h.

The effect of topical diclofenac on choroidal blood flow in early postoperative pseudophakias with regard to cystoid macular edema formation.

Purpose: To study the chronological change in choroidal blood flow (ChBFlow), disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier, and incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME) in early postoperative pseudophakic eyes, as well as the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) eye drops on these phenomena.

Methods: Fifty patients who underwent phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were randomized to receive either topical diclofenac or fluorometholone for 5 postoperative weeks. An additional 20 subjects, with long-standing pseudophakia served as the control.

[Quantification of metamorphopsia in the course of branch retinal vein occlusion with M-CHARTS].

Purpose: To evaluate visual function disorder in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion by quantifying the degree of metamorphopsia.

Design: prospective interventional case series.

Subjects And Methods: The subjects were 12 patients(12 eyes) whose fovea was involved with branch retinal vein occlusion within a month after noticing their symptoms.

Relationship of macular microcirculation and retinal thickness with visual acuity in diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To assess perifoveal capillary blood flow velocity (BFV), capillary occlusion, and retinal thickness at the central fovea in diabetic patients with or without clinically significant macular edema; to examine the relationships of these variables with visual acuity (VA); and to identify their contributions to visual outcome and diabetic macular edema.

Design: Comparative cross-sectional prospective study.

Participants And Controls: Diabetic patients with clinically significant macular edema (CSME) (n = 22), matched diabetic patients without CSME (n = 22), and healthy volunteers (n = 16).

[Transient increased retinal hemorrhage and the retinal venous blood flow change in the course of non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion treated with an anticoagulant].

Purpose: To investigate transient increased retinal hemorrhage during anticoagulant therapy and changes in the retinal venous blood flow in the course of non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: Seventeen patients(eighteen eyes) with non-ischemic CRVO were studied. The retinal vein diameter, blood velocity, and blood flow were determined by the laser Doppler method in seven patients.