Tuberculosis of the Cuboid: A Case Report.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern, with skeletal TB representing a small fraction of total cases. Foot involvement is relatively uncommon in skeletal TB, and infections of the cuboid bone are especially rare. This case report describes an 18-year-old male who presented with pain and swelling in the dorsolateral left midfoot.

A Retrospective Study on the Expression of E-Cadherin in Endometrial Carcinoma.

E-cadherin is a cell adhesion molecule crucial for maintaining cellular integrity and survival. E-cadherin is the focus of this study, which aims to evaluate its immunohistochemical staining patterns in endometrial carcinoma (EC). Material and methods In this retrospective study, 25 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of EC were retrieved from the Department of Pathology at Saveetha Medical College.

Expression of E-cadherin in Hyperplastic Endometrium: A Retrospective Analysis.

Aim Epithelial cadherin or E-cadherin is a cell adhesion molecule that is present in all cells to promote integrity and survival of the cells. The aim of this study was to assess the immunohistochemical staining pattern of E-cadherin in hyperplastic endometrium. Methods A total of 25 blocks of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of endometrial biopsies, from September 2020 to May 2023, were obtained from the Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College.

The Heinous Hobnail: A Case Report of the Rare Hobnail Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

The hobnail variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (HVPTC) represents a distinctive and relatively rare histological subtype of thyroid malignancies. This variant is characterized by its unique cellular morphology with a hobnail appearance, that is, cells with apically positioned nuclei. There are other characteristics like micropapillary pattern and loss of cohesiveness of cells, which are indicative of HVPTC.

Synthesis and Additive Manufacturing of Hydrazone-Linked Covalent Organic Framework Aerogels.

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are crystalline, porous organic materials. Recent studies have demonstrated novel processing strategies for COFs to form adaptable architectures, but these have focused primarily on imine-linked COFs. This work presents a new synthesis and processing route to produce crystalline hydrazone-linked COF gels and aerogels with hierarchical porosity.

Pharmacological safety of dimethoxy curcumin-human serum albumin conjugate for potential therapeutic purpose.

Medicinal properties of curcumin are widely published. Previously, researchers used curcuminoid mixture comprising three chemical forms, out of which, the highest quantity is the most active molecule-dimethoxy curcumin (DMC). Reduced bioavailability, poor aqueous solubility, and quick hydrolytic degradation of DMC have projected challenges limiting its therapeutic value.

Enriched adipose stem cell secretome as an effective therapeutic strategy for in vivo wound repair and angiogenesis.

The therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) is well studied for use in non-healing wounds. However, concerns on the transplantable cell number requirement, cell expansion, cell viability, retained cell multipotency and the limited cell implantation time for efficient impact hinders cell therapy. Recent literature is much inclined to the superiority of the ADMSCs' secretome, pre-dominating its paracrine-mediated therapeutic impact.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Avian Egg-Yolk Derived Pure Anti-Snake Venom in Healthy and Disease Animal-Model.

The absence of Fc receptor binding, cost-effective production potential in large quantities in pure form, and better storage stability of avian immunoglobulin (IgY) advocate its therapeutic use as anti-snake venom (ASV). This study develops pure anti-neurotoxin (ANT- IgY) by immunizing White Leghorn hens with Cobra and Krait venoms for demonstrating antigen-antibody binding in vitro/in vivo. The purified IgY from immunized egg-yolk showed immunoprecipitation in Ouchterlony's Double Diffusion (ODD) experiment.

Validation of Specific and Reliable Genetic Tools to Identify, Label, and Target Cardiac Pericytes in Mice.

Background In the myocardium, pericytes are often confused with other interstitial cell types, such as fibroblasts. The lack of well-characterized and specific tools for identification, lineage tracing, and conditional targeting of myocardial pericytes has hampered studies on their role in heart disease. In the current study, we characterize and validate specific and reliable strategies for labeling and targeting of cardiac pericytes.

Extracellular matrix-based combination scaffold for guided regeneration of large-area full-thickness rabbit burn wounds upon a single application.

Regeneration of large acute and chronic wounds is a concern worldwide. The present study evaluates wound healing competence of a completely human-origin, extracellular matrix (ECM)-based skin substitute/graft. It comprises cell-less amniotic membrane (AM), clinical-grade fibrin (FIB), and hyaluronic acid (HA) termed as AMFIBHA.

Structure, Properties and Applications of Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Boron Nitride.

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has emerged as a strong candidate for two-dimensional (2D) material owing to its exciting optoelectrical properties combined with mechanical robustness, thermal stability, and chemical inertness. Super-thin h-BN layers have gained significant attention from the scientific community for many applications, including nanoelectronics, photonics, biomedical, anti-corrosion, and catalysis, among others. This review provides a systematic elaboration of the structural, electrical, mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of h-BN followed by a comprehensive account of state-of-the-art synthesis strategies for 2D h-BN, including chemical exfoliation, chemical, and physical vapor deposition, and other methods that have been successfully developed in recent years.

Correlation of the Expression of BRAF V600E Mutation With Various Phenotypic Expressions of Thyroid Neoplasms.

Aims We aimed to assess the incidence of the BRAF V600E mutation in thyroid neoplasms at a tertiary care center and its association with various phenotypic features. Methods and material We included all cases diagnosed as thyroid neoplasm in the past decade at the Department of Pathology of our institute and obtained their clinical details from the medical records department of the institute after obtaining permission from the authorities and due International Human Epigenome Consortium clearance. We included data on age, sex, clinical presentation, hormone status, and T and N status of the malignant neoplasms.

Refinement of the spinal cord injury rat model and validation of its applicability as a model for memory loss and chronic pain.

Background: Laminectomy produces trauma in spinal cord injury (SCI) animal models resulting in impinging artefacts and welfare issues. Mechanizing laminectomy using a dental burr assisted (DBA) technique to reduce the impact of conventionally performed laminectomy on animal welfare without any alterations in the outcome of the model was previously demonstrated. However, further validation was necessary to establish it as an alternative in developing SCI rats as a model of chronic pain and memory loss.

Exploring Cadaver Skin For Standardization Of Rabbit And Porcine Burn Models In Research.

Burn animal models provide substantial insights into burn pathophysiology. Choice of the apt model is important for determining the clinical efficacy of new medicines. Therefore, standardization of burn models is crucial for scientific research.

Diminished substrate-mediated cardiac mitochondrial respiration and elevated autophagy in adult male offspring of gestational diabetic rats.

Heart diseases are common in the offspring of diabetic mother (ODM). Defects in mitochondrial metabolism and autophagy may, in part, be responsible for the adverse structural and functional alterations in the heart. The principal objective of this study was to investigate cardiac mitochondrial respiration and autophagy in male and female offspring of diabetic pregnancy at two different developmental stages of life, weaning and adult.

Inorganic nitrite alters mitochondrial dynamics without overt changes in cell death and mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyoblasts under hyperglycemia.

Inorganic nitrate or nitrite supplementation has been reported to demonstrate positive outcomes in rodent models of obesity and diabetes as well as in type 2 diabetic humans and even included in clinical trials pertaining to cardiovascular diseases in the recent decade. However, there are contrasting data regarding the useful and toxic effects of the anions. The primary scope of this study was to analyze the beneficial/detrimental alterations in redox status, mitochondrial dynamics and function, and cellular fitness in cardiomyoblasts inflicted by nitrite under hyperglycemic conditions compared with normoglycemia.

Coordinated regulation of cell survival and cell cycle pathways by DDR2-dependent SRF transcription factor in cardiac fibroblasts.

Relative resistance to apoptosis and the ability to proliferate and produce a collagen-rich scar determine the critical role of cardiac fibroblasts in wound healing and tissue remodeling following myocardial injury. Identification of cardiac fibroblast-specific factors and mechanisms underlying these aspects of cardiac fibroblast function is therefore of considerable scientific and clinical interest. In the present study, gene knockdown and overexpression approaches and promoter binding assays showed that discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), a mesenchymal cell-specific collagen receptor tyrosine kinase localized predominantly in fibroblasts in the heart, acts via ERK1/2 MAPK-activated serum response factor (SRF) transcription factor to enhance the expression of antiapoptotic cIAP2 in cardiac fibroblasts, conferring resistance against oxidative injury.

Discoidin domain Receptor 2: A determinant of metabolic syndrome-associated arterial fibrosis in non-human primates.

Collagen accumulation and remodeling in the vascular wall is a cardinal feature of vascular fibrosis that exacerbates the complications of hypertension, aging, diabetes and atherosclerosis. With no specific therapy available to date, identification of mechanisms underlying vascular fibrogenesis is an important clinical goal. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 (DDR2), a collagen-specific receptor tyrosine kinase, is a determinant of arterial fibrosis.

Collagen receptor cross-talk determines α-smooth muscle actin-dependent collagen gene expression in angiotensin II-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts.

Excessive collagen deposition by myofibroblasts during adverse cardiac remodeling leads to myocardial fibrosis that can compromise cardiac function. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying collagen gene expression in cardiac myofibroblasts is therefore an important clinical goal. The collagen receptors, discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), a collagen-specific receptor tyrosine kinase, and integrin-β1, are reported to mediate tissue fibrosis.

A comparison of various methods of blood sampling in mice and rats: Effects on animal welfare.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of blood sampling on animal welfare in a total of 60 NTac:SD rats and 72 C57BL/6NTac mice of both sexes. Blood was sampled either by sublingual vein puncture, tail vein puncture or by retrobulbar plexus/sinus puncture under light isoflurane anaesthesia and, additionally, by facial vein puncture in mice. Non-punctured animals as well as isoflurane-anaesthetised animals were used as controls.

A Rare Case of Isolated Conus Medullaris Neurenteric Cyst.

Spinal neurenteric cysts are very rare congenital anomalies and are commonly associated with other spinal malformations. They are usually located in intradural, extramedullary location. We report a rare case of intramedullary conus medullaris neurenteric cyst without any associated spinal malformation diagnosed preoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging.

Colorimetric and fluorimetric response of salicylaldehyde dithiosemicarbazone towards fluoride, cyanide and copper ions: Spectroscopic and TD-DFT studies.

The sensing mechanism of salicylaldehyde phenyldithiosemicarbazone (SDTSC) chemosensor has been investigated by spectroscopic and TD-DFT methods. The SDTSC shows colourimetric and spectral changes towards fluoride, cyanide and copper ions. The interaction between SDTSC with fluoride, cyanide and copper ions was examined through their absorption and fluorescence behaviour, and found that SDTSC has more sensing ability towards Cu ion than CN and F ions.