Prevalence of hospital-acquired infection among patients with acute neurological conditions in the ICU.

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. HAIs become crucial in patients with neurological illnesses, as they need invasive procedures and extended care, prolonging the hospital stay in most cases. In this study, we report the type, microbial etiology, and outcome of patients with HAIs in a Neurology Intensive Care Unit setting.

A narrative review on the use of Green synthesized metallic nanoparticles for targeted cancer therapy.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. While traditional and synthetic medical therapies are in place for cancer treatment, their effectiveness is hindered by various limitations, such as toxic side effects, limited availability, and high costs. In recent years, a promising alternative approach has emerged in the form of green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), which offer targeted cancer therapy.

Effectiveness of Normal Saline Irrigation in Reducing Wound Contamination during Oral Cancer Surgery: A Cytological Analysis.

Background: Tumour manipulation during surgery can lead to the dissemination of malignant cells and potential wound contamination. Despite the widespread practice of irrigating surgical sites with normal saline, the efficacy of this measure in reducing epithelial contamination in oral cancer surgery remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the proportion of normal saline wash effluents contaminated by epithelial cells or debris during oral cavity cancer surgery, and to evaluate the effectiveness of saline irrigation in reducing contamination.

An Analysis of Predictors of Cardiac Sparing using Deep Inspiratory Breath Hold for Left Sided Breast Cancer Patients.

Objective: To analyse the dosimetric benefit achieved with Deep inspiratory breath hold (DIBH) for left sided breast irradiation and to identify the factors impacting it.

Methods: Between 1st January'2023 to 31st December' 2023, 100 consecutive patients with left sided breast cancer receiving adjuvant radiotherapy and fulfilling the inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled in a prospective study conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi. Two radiotherapy plans (DIBH/Free breathing (FB)) were generated and evaluated for each patient.

Assessing diagnostic accuracy of congenital syphilis using penicillin administration data through the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database.

Background: Given the most recent report of the nationwide rise of congenital syphilis (CS), with over a 773% increase from 2012 to 2021 per the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, we sought to utilize penicillin administration and ICD-10 billing data as proxies to assess the accuracy of diagnosis of congenital syphilis among major tertiary care pediatric hospitals.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study drawing data from 49 major tertiary children's hospitals in the United States sought to determine whether administration of penicillin in infants 30 days or younger, excluding other common infectious diseases treated with the medication, correlated with recently reported congenital syphilis epidemiologic data.

Results: 2290 infants met inclusion criteria and received penicillin therapy, excluding infants with the most common secondary infections treated with penicillin, with 1123 (49.

Comprehensive characterization of biodegradable edible films activated with rose and marigold extracts and application of active edible coatings to extend the postharvest storage life of guava.

This study investigated the physical, mechanical, optical, thermal, and biochemical characters of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and gum arabic (GA) based active edible films activated with rose leaf (RL) and marigold petal (MP) extracts, their impact on the shelf life and postharvest quality of guava fruits when stored under cold condition (10 ± 1 °C). Physical, mechanical and optical characteristics were enhanced by the incorporation of plant extracts. Water solubility of films decreased upon addition of plant extracts, with MP extract films showing the lowest solubility.

Unraveling the genetic basis of heat tolerance and yield in bread wheat: QTN discovery and Its KASP-assisted validation.

Background: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a globally significant cereal crop and staple food, faces major production challenges due to abiotic stresses such as heat stress (HS), which pose a threat to global food security. To address this, a diverse panel of 126 wheat genotypes, primarily landraces, was evaluated across twelve environments in India, comprising of three locations, two years and two growing conditions.

Assessment of antibacterial, nematicidal and herbicidal activities of Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker extracts, with chemical profiling using GC-MS.

The pesticidal activity of the rhizome and aerial parts of Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker was investigated, revealing significant findings. The GC-MS analysis revealed significant compositional variability among the extracts.

Next-Generation Sequencing Identifies Novel Germline Mutations in Patients with Budd-Chiari Syndrome-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: Budd-Chiari syndrome-hepatocellular carcinoma (BCS-HCC) is uncommon and its molecular pathogenesis is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genomic landscape of BCS-HCC through whole exome sequencing (WES) to elucidate the cellular and molecular pathways involved in its pathogenesis.

Methodology: We enrolled BCS-HCC (n = 13) and BCS alone (n = 73) patients.

Crafting a Molecular Trojan Horse: Sialic Acid-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles for Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy.

The glycan receptors prominently expressed on the surface of lung cancer cells offers promising targets for drug delivery. The prepared gemcitabine (GB)-loaded PLGA-NPs and sialic acid (Siac)-modified PLGA-NPs exhibited a uniform polydispersity index (PDI) value below 0.3, a particle size under 200 nm, and negative zeta potentials ranging from -17.

Reperfused Myocardial Infarction: The Road to CCS Classification of Acute MI and Beyond.

The Canadian Cardiovascular Society recently put forth a new classification of acute reperfused myocardial infarction (MI) based on stages of myocardial injury. Backed by more than 5 decades of intense investigation in the field, the key message of this new classification is that not all MIs are the same and that the type and extent of myocardial injury should be considered in diagnosing and treating MI. We review the literature with the goal of highlighting the progressive advances that enabled the synthesis of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society classification into 4 distinct stages of tissue injury.

Search for Magnetic Monopole Pair Production in Ultraperipheral Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC.

This Letter presents a search for highly ionizing magnetic monopoles in 262  μb^{-1} of ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collision data at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A new methodology that exploits the properties of clusters of hits reconstructed in the innermost silicon detector layers is introduced to study highly ionizing particles in heavy-ion data.

Topical formulation for wound management in animals: A paradigm shifts from conventional to advance.

Chronic wounds are a significant clinical problem for the healthcare system and require several intensive efforts to improve alternative drug delivery systems for wound care. Sometimes, this is insufficient to support the healing process. There are several obstacles to effective wound therapy, such as poor healing, off-targeting, noncompliance, and frequent dosage.

A comprehensive review on methods, mechanisms, properties, and emerging applications of crosslinked starches.

Native starches exhibit limitations in terms of low thermal stability, poor paste clarity, and high retrogradation. Crosslinking is a modification method that has been employed to address these shortcomings by introducing intra- and inter-molecular bonds to enhance the properties of starch. Sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), citric acid (CA), and epichlorohydrin (ECH) are widely used crosslinking agents that enhance the thermal stability, mechanical properties, and resistance to enzymatic degradation of starches.

Exploring kudzu: Extraction, quantification, and health impacts of bioactive compounds.

Kudzu (Pueraria species) is a perennial plant within the Fabaceae family, native to China, Japan, and India. It is known for its therapeutic properties, mainly due to its high content of isoflavones, including puerarin, daidzein, daidzin, genistein, and genistin. These isoflavones are found throughout the plant and are important in developing pharmaceutical drugs.

National investment case development for pathogen genomics.

Sustaining and expanding genomic surveillance capacity requires broader investment in genomics that target both novel and pandemic pathogens. Currently, there is no standardized methodology to evaluate the cost and benefit of a multi-pathogen surveillance system. We propose a framework for pathogen genomic surveillance that links public health and systems considerations to a stepwise approach.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in environment and potential health impacts: Sources, remediation treatment and management, policy guidelines, destructive technologies, and techno-economic analysis.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), also known as forever chemicals and ubiquitous persistence, pose significant public health challenges due to their potential toxicity, particularly in drinking water and soil contamination. However, PFAS occurrence and their concentrations in different environmental matrices vary globally, but factors influencing trends, transport, fate, toxicity, and interactions with co-contaminants remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this review critically examines the state-of-the-art worldwide PFAS sources, distribution, and pathways, and evaluates how PFASs are processed in wastewater treatment, generally, which causes severe problems with the quality and safety of drinking water.

Flexible Polyurethane - Tungsten oxide based composite for γ radiation shielding.

The present work aims to develop and study a tungsten oxide containing polymer composite as an alternative for gamma radiation shielding. The seven polymer samples with different weight percentages (0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, and 50 wt%) of tungsten oxide (WO) were fabricated using a solvent casting technique, and their radiation shielding properties were assessed experimentally. The radiation shielding properties such as linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer, tenth value layer, mean free path, radiation protection efficiency, effective atomic number, and effective electron density were evaluated for the gamma-ray energy ranges between 81 and 1408 keV using gamma-ray spectroscopy with an HPGe detector.

Unraveling the role of the immune landscape in tuberculosis granuloma.

Despite significant advances in research over the past century, Tuberculosis (TB) remains a formidable global health concern. TB granulomas are organized structures composed of immune cells, that serve as the body's primary defense against the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The immune landscape of TB granulomas involves a complex array of immune cells, including CD4 and CD8 T cells, B cells, NK cells, and others, which collectively influence the fate of the granuloma.

Rescue Pneumatic Retinopexy for Retinal Detachment in Vitrectomized Eyes.

Purpose: To report the visual and anatomic outcomes of pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) in vitrectomized eyes.

Methods: This was a retrospective multi-center study evaluating eyes 1) treated with PnR for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) that 2) had a prior history of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for any indication. At least 3 months of follow-up was required.

Unveiling photon-driven nonlinear evaporation via liquid drop interferometry: erratum.

We correct a typographical error in our Letter [Opt. Lett.49, 4074 (2024)10.

Investigation of LE-LIBS feasibility for detection of H, He, and O in high vacuum using geological samples.

This work reports the investigation of low-energy, eye-safe laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LE-LIBS) feasibility for detection of gaseous elements significant to the planetary surface chemistry. A ns-pulsed laser emitting pulses of energy of 3 mJ at 1.54 μm wavelength is used to ablate soil pellet samples.

Stub1 Acetylation by CBP/p300 Attenuates Chronic Hypoxic-driven Pulmonary Hypertension by Suppressing HIF-2α.

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1/2) are fundamental to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Prolonged hypoxia can trigger the shift from HIF-1 to HIF-2 activity, which is critical in PH progression. Ubiquitin ligases regulate HIF activity through protein degradation.