Incidence of left atrial appendage thrombus despite 3 weeks of anticoagulation and the need for precardioversion echocardiography.

Background: One of the most catastrophic complications of Atrial fibrillation (AF) is thromboembolic stroke. Current guidelines recommend that 3 weeks of anticoagulation is adequate prior to direct current cardioversion (DCCV) to prevent thromboembolism. Here we present data regarding, which anticoagulant is most likely to show a presence of an Left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) on trans esophageal echocardiogram (TEE) for DCCV despite 3 weeks of anticoagulation.

Consideration of Management Techniques for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Metastasis to the Right Atrium: A Case Report.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of cancer and the most common form of liver cancer. Multiple etiological factors leading to HCC include hepatitis B and C, diabetes, alcoholic fatty liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatocellular carcinoma in the late stages may present with tumor burden and thrombi that can extend into the right atrium (RA).

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in the Setting of Disseminated Histoplasmosis and Uncontrolled HIV.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threateningly aggressive syndrome caused by excessive immune activation. It involves the abnormal activation of lymphocytes and macrophages which leads to tissue destruction and inflammation. Traditionally HLH classification is currently separated into primary and secondary HLH based on genetic versus nongenetic events such as infection, malignancy, or autoimmune disorders.

Availability of essential diagnostics in ten low-income and middle-income countries: results from national health facility surveys.

Background: Pathology and laboratory medicine diagnostics and diagnostic imaging are crucial to achieving universal health coverage. We analysed Service Provision Assessments (SPAs) from ten low-income and middle-income countries to benchmark diagnostic availability.

Methods: Diagnostic availabilities were determined for Bangladesh, Haiti, Malawi, Namibia, Nepal, Kenya, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, and Uganda, with multiple timepoints for Haiti, Kenya, Senegal, and Tanzania.