Evaluation and Management of Thyrotoxicosis During Pregnancy.

This review summarizes the diagnosis and management of thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy. The diagnostic clinical and biochemical considerations used to distinguish the various etiologies of hyperthyroidism from appropriate physiologic changes during pregnancy will be outlined. Finally, the review will discuss the risks and benefits of available options for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy, to mitigate the risks of fetal hyperthyroidism.

Isolation of a novel quercetin derivative from and RT-PCR-assisted probing to investigate its DNA repair in hepatoma cells.

Background And Purpose: DNA damage can lead to carcinogenesis if replication proceeds without proper repair. This study focused on the purification of a novel quercetin derivative present in fruit and studied its protective role in hepatoma cells due to HO-DNA damage.

Experimental Approach: The pure compound obtained from the silica gel column was subjected to structural characterization using spectroscopic techniques.

Changes in glycemic control and body weight over the course of the COVID 19 pandemic in an outpatient setting.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic altered health outcomes in populations through a host of downstream social, economic, and psychological changes, especially among those with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Some studies reveal worsened glycemic control and weight gain, while others indicate improved glycemic control and weight loss. Thus, evidence demonstrates conflicting results in this context.

Comparison of crack formation induced by ultrasonic tips and burs during root-end preparation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction The main objective of root canal treatment is to achieve apical seal. Crack formation during root-end preparation promotes bacterial penetration, thereby leading to failure. This systematic review aims to examine the literature and summarise studies that compare the crack formation induced by ultrasonic tips and burs during root-end preparation.

Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of calcium silicate-based liners to resin-modified glass ionomer cement in resin composite restorations - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the difference in shear bond strength between calcium silicate-based liners to resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) in resin composite restorations.Materials and methods The protocol was registered in PROSPERO following which primary research was carried out on Medline, Scopus and Cochrane library. To assess the risk of bias, a customised tool was used.

Severe Hypophosphatemia Occurring After Repeated Exposure to a Parenteral Iron Formulation.

Hypophosphatemia is a less known complication of parenteral iron use, particularly after the use of certain iron formulations. We report the case of a young male with inflammatory bowel disease and iron deficiency anemia, who developed severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia after his third exposure to iron carboxymaltose with no evidence of the same occurring upon prior exposures to the compound. Investigations revealed serum phosphorous levels of 0.

Prevalence and severity of coronal and radicular caries among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross sectional study.

Background: Studies among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have reported total caries experience; however the severity and clinical consequences of untreated dental caries are often ignored.

Methods: For this study, 150 well (I) and poorly controlled (II) diabetic participants were recruited. The spectrum of caries was evaluated using DMFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled Tooth) index, Dental Caries Severity Classification Scale, PUFA (Pulpal involvement, Ulceration, Fistula and Abscess) index, RCI (Root Caries Index) and the severity of radicular caries by Root Surface Caries Severity Index.

Hypercalcemia in the setting of HTLV-1 infection and a normal PTHrP level.

Summary: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma (ATLL) and is a rare but important cause of hypercalcemia. A 53-year-old male with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy presented with acute on chronic bilateral lower extremity weakness and numbness. Initial blood work revealed hypercalcemia with corrected calcium of 16.

A Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage between Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer, Flowable Composite, and Cention-N in Class V Restorations: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope Study.

Background: Microleakage is a concern while restoring cervical lesions. Many products have attempted to minimize the interfacial gap between the tooth and restoration, the main pathway of microleakage.

Aims And Objective: To compare and evaluate the microleakage in Class V cavity restored with nanohybrid flowable composite, Resin modified Glass Ionomer and Cention N.

COVID-19 Antibody Tests: An Overview.

Novel coronavirus (nCoV) first emerged in Hubei province of China in December 2019. The virus initially known as 2019-nCoV was renamed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The associated disease is known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Pyrimidine-2,4-dione targets STAT3 signaling pathway to induce cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a tumorigenic transcription factor that is persistently activated in various human cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, STAT3 is considered as a prominent target to counteract the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. In the present report, pyrimidine-2,4-diones (N-methyluracil derivatives) (MNK1-MNK14) were synthesized in an ionic liquid (BMIm PF) medium employing a ligand-free Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling process.

Application of NMI-TfCl-mediated amide bond formation in the synthesis of biologically relevant oxadiazole derivatives employing less basic (hetero)aryl amines.

We herein report a modified methodology for the synthesis of some oxadiazoles linked to amides under mild conditions. The developed protocol using NMI-TfCl has been found to be effective and tolerant for the amide bond formation reaction of a series of electronically deactivating and sterically challenging amines. The antioxidant potential of the newly synthesized compounds has been evaluated at the later stage.

Comparative Evaluation of Microcrack Formation in Different Kinematics Using Rotary and Reciprocating File Systems: An Study.

Aim And Objective: To compare r oot microcrack formation after r oot canal preparation using ProTaper Next in r otation or forward r eciprocation and Waveone gold in r everse r eciprocating motion.

Materials And Methods: Buccal r oots of 60 maxillary premolars with mature apices were selected, for different instrumentation techniques and divided into three groups. Coronal access was achieved and the canals were confirmed for apical patency.

Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Incisor Fragments Using Simple, Bevel, Internal Groove Preparation Designs and Reattached with Nanocomposites: An Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of anterior crown fragments using three different preparation designs and reattached using two different nanocomposites.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 sound human permanent incisors were selected and divided into six groups. The teeth were sectioned and reattached using different preparatory designs and nanocomposites.

Butterfly Methanes: Designing a Novel Class of anti-van't Hoff Carbons.

Among different possible non-classical structures, the stabilization of half-planar tetracoordinate carbon conformation is believed to be the most difficult one. Herein, we designed three types of half-planar tetracoordinate carbon compounds computationally by employing hybrid stabilization effects of substituents. The axial hydrogens of unstable half-planar methane are substituted with π-acceptor and σ-donor substituents such as -BH , -Li and the equatorial substituents selected are a combination of electropositive atoms (σ-donors)/electronegative atoms (σ-acceptors and π-donors).

Hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis, and hypervitaminosis D precipitated by supplementation in a susceptible individual.

Vitamin D supplementation is common among the general public. Although generally considered safe, vitamin D supplement-induced toxicity has been reported, often in association with manufacturing or labeling errors. Additionally, selected patient populations may have a hypersensitivity to vitamin D supplementation, leading to consequences due to supraphysiologic serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Effect of Instrumentation Techniques and Kinematics on Apical Extrusion of Debris: An Study.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of instrumentation kinematics on debris extrusion by comparing the amount of apically extruded debris after canal preparation using ProTaper next in continuous rotation as well as forward reciprocating motion and WaveOne gold in reverse reciprocating motion.

Materials And Methods: We randomly divided ninety buccal roots of maxillary bicuspids with fully formed apices into three groups. After achieving the coronal access, the patency of the root canals was established with a size 10 K file.

A highly efficient precatalytic system (XPhos-PdG2) for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of 7-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine employing low catalyst loading.

An expedient catalytic method for the synthesis of diverse 7-(hetero) aryl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine analogues via microwave-assisted Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction with excellent yield was developed. The method is found to be compatible with various boronic acids and potassium organotrifluoroborates. The formation of highly stable monoligated catalytic species is found to be instrumental in driving the reactions to excellent conversions in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling.

Prevalence and Clinical Use of Anti-Thyroid Antibodies in RA Patients: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from south India and their clinical use.

Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted including 1217 patients aged more than 14 years with fever and thrombocytopenia admitted in the medical wards from October 2013 to September 2014. Detailed clinical examination and routine investigations were done; specific investigations like blood culture, widal test, antigen test for malaria, IgM ELISA leptospira, IgM ELISA dengue, bone marrow aspiration/biopsy etc.

Outcomes in lung cancer: An experience from routine tertiary care setting.

Background: The aim of this study was to establish characteristics of lung cancer patients diagnosed at a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore.

Methods: The retrospective study was undertaken comprising of 202 patients diagnosed of advanced lung cancer in a tertiary care setting. Data was analyzed to identify patients' characteristics, smoking history, tumor histology, stage of the disease, treatment received, and survival rates.

Novel lipoxygenase inhibitor, 1-ethenoxy-2-methylbenzene, from marine cyanobacteria Microcoleus chthonoplastes.

Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors are considered to be important anti-inflammatory agents as it can control many inflammatory responses to some extent. Even though the marine bio-systems are not well explored, they are considered to be one of the promising repositories for drug lead molecules against variety of diseases. In the present study a new LOX inhibitor compound, 1-ethenoxy-2-methylbenzene, reported first time from a living system, Microcoleus chthonoplastes, has been isolated by activity guided fractionation and further structurally characterised by techniques such as FTIR, NMR and LC MS/MS.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Mimicking Tuberculosis.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare disease with varied clinical manifestations. We present a case of GPA which manifested initially with symptoms suggestive of meningeal tuberculosis. High index of suspicion and collective review of all clinical features helped in the correct diagnosis.

Paediatric Medulloblastoma: An Updated Review.

Medulloblastoma is one of the most common malignant tumours of the central nervous system in children. It affects two persons per million per year worldwide and is increasing. More than 70% of patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma are predominantly below age 10 years.