Sensitivity and Specificity of a Signaling Question for Surveillance of Cognitive Functioning in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) confers neurological risks that contribute to cognitive and academic difficulties. Clinical guidelines state that cognition should be monitored using signaling questions. However, evidence is lacking regarding the extent to which signaling questions accurately identify children with cognitive issues.

Providing Physical Health Checks for People with Severe Mental Illness in Primary Care in England: An Evaluation of a Locally Enhanced Service.

: People with a severe mental illness die much earlier than the rest of the population from a preventable physical illness. Annual health checks are a way of assessing the person to then offer the appropriate interventions. Integrated Care Northampton, England used the long-term plan baseline funding allocated to them from the government department that commissions primary care services, to implement a local enhanced service.

Criterion Validity and Reliability of a New Medicine Ball Rotational Power Test.

Hardy, SGJ, Stelzer-Hiller, OW, Edwards, KM, and Freeston, J. Criterion validity and reliability of a new medicine ball rotational power test. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-This study assessed the validity and reliability of 2 medicine ball rotational power assessments, the novel push for maximum velocity by radar (MB vel ), and the commonly used push for maximum distance by tape measure (MB dis ), against the criterion reference 3-dimensional motion capture (MoCap) to identify the best-practice field-based assessment.

Implementation of a National Prenatal Exome Sequencing Service in England: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Objective: Prenatal exome sequencing (pES) for diagnosing fetal structural anomalies commenced in the English National Health Service (NHS) in 2020. We evaluated cost-effectiveness to the healthcare system, and costs to families, of pES in addition to standard testing, compared to standard testing alone.

Design: A cost-effectiveness analysis combining costs, outcomes, parent and professional interview and professional survey data.

Efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan in treating HER2-low breast cancer leptomeningeal metastasis: a case report.

We report the efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in treating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low, type ID leptomeningeal breast cancer (LMD) (with positive cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] cytology and hydrocephalus as the only abnormal imaging finding) and the diagnostic and monitoring utilization of a novel microfluidic platform called CNSide™. Breast cancer LMD is associated with poor prognosis, and effective treatments are lacking. Our case highlights two crucial aspects related to the treatment and monitoring of breast cancer LMD.

Moths versus Bees: Contrasts in Habitat Preferences Across Barrens of the Northeastern USA.

Bees and moths are globally important pollinators. Xeric barrens in the largely mesic northeastern USA support high levels of pollinator diversity, including rare bees and moths. We investigated the response of bee vs.

Trends in Blood Pressure Control among US Adults With Hypertension, 2013-2014 to 2021-2023.

Background: Prior studies have reported a decrease in the proportion of US adults with hypertension who had controlled blood pressure (BP).

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 25,128, ≥18 years of age) to determine changes in BP control from 2013-2014 to 2021-2023. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, or antihypertensive medication use.

Second Primary Cancer Risks After Breast Cancer in and Pathogenic Variant Carriers.

Purpose: Second primary cancer (SPC) risks after breast cancer (BC) in pathogenic variant (PV) carriers are uncertain. We estimated relative and absolute risks using a novel linkage of genetic testing data to population-scale National Disease Registration Service and Hospital Episode Statistics electronic health records.

Methods: We followed 25,811 females and 480 males diagnosed with BC and tested for germline PVs in NHS Clinical Genetics centers in England between 1995 and 2019 until SPC diagnosis, death, migration, contralateral breast/ovarian surgery plus 1 year, or the 31st of December 2020.

Lynch syndrome diagnostic testing pathways in endometrial cancers: a nationwide English registry-based study.

Background: For female patients with Lynch syndrome (LS), endometrial cancer (EC) is often their first cancer diagnosis. A testing pathway of somatic tumour testing triage followed by germline mismatch repair (MMR) gene testing is an effective way of identifying the estimated 3% of EC caused by LS.

Methods: A retrospective national population-based observational study was conducted using comprehensive national data collections of functional, somatic and germline MMR tests available via the English National Cancer Registration Dataset.

Blood Pressure on Ambulatory Monitoring and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: Ecological Validity or Measurement Reliability?

Background: The association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is stronger for mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) estimated using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) vs. office measurements. Determining whether this is due to ABPM providing more measurement reliability or greater ecological validity can inform its use.

Achieving Equity in Hypertension: A Review of Current Efforts by the American Heart Association.

The purpose of this article is to summarize disparities in blood pressure (BP) by race in the United States, discuss evidence-based strategies to increase equity in BP, review recent American Heart Association BP equity initiatives, and highlight missed opportunities for achieving equity in hypertension. Over 122 million American adults have hypertension, with the highest prevalence among Black Americans. Racial disparities in hypertension and BP control in the United States are estimated to be the single largest contributor to the excess risk for cardiovascular disease among Black versus White adults.

Assessing Psychosocial Risk and Resilience to Support Readiness for Gene Therapy in Sickle Cell Disease: A Consensus Statement.

Importance: The introduction of gene therapies into the clinical care landscape for individuals living with sickle cell disease (SCD) represents a momentous achievement with the potential to rewrite the story of the world's most prevalent heritable blood disorder. This disease, which was first described in 1910 and did not see a US Food and Drug Administration-approved therapeutic until 1998, is poised to be among the first to realize the promise of gene therapy and genome editing. However, the future of these treatments now rests on how evidence of safety, outcomes, and acceptance in clinical practice unfolds in SCD.

Impact of systemic disease on CNS disease control after stereotactic radiosurgery to breast cancer brain metastases (The SYBRA Study).

The objective of the study is to assess impact of systemic disease (SD) status on overall survival and brain metastasis (BM) control, adopting a novel landmark approach to categorize SD among breast cancer (BC) patients. This single institution retrospective study included BCBM patients who have received stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to brain. Separate endpoints [CNS failure-free survival (cFFS), overall survival (OS)] were analyzed from each Landmark (LM): LM1 (3-months), LM2 (6-months).

Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance Mutations Detected in Women Prior to Antiretroviral Therapy With Efavirenz + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate + Lamivudine (or Emtricitabine).

Background: Two large studies suggest that resistance mutations to only nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) did not increase the risk of virologic failure during antiretroviral therapy (ART) with efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine (or emtricitabine). We retrospectively evaluated a third cohort to determine the impact of NNRTI resistance on the efficacy of efavirenz-based ART.

Methods: Postpartum women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were studied if they initiated efavirenz-based ART because of the World Health Organization's recommendation for universal ART.

PTP4A2 Promotes Glioblastoma Progression and Macrophage Polarization under Microenvironmental Pressure.

Unlabelled: Phosphatase of regenerating liver 2 (also known as PTP4A2) has been linked to cancer progression. Still, its exact role in glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor, remains elusive. In this study, we report that pharmacologic treatment using JMS-053, a pan-phosphatase of regenerating liver inhibitor, inhibits GBM cell viability and spheroid growth.

Social Determinants of Health and Incident Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension Among White and Black US Adults: The REGARDS Study.

Background: We examined the association of multilevel social determinants of health with incident apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH).

Methods And Results: We analyzed data from 2774 White and 2257 Black US adults from the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study taking antihypertensive medication without aTRH at baseline to estimate the association of social determinants of health with incident aTRH. Selection of social determinants of health was guided by the Healthy People 2030 domains of education, economic stability, social context, neighborhood environment, and health care access.

Risks of second primary cancers among 584,965 female and male breast cancer survivors in England: a 25-year retrospective cohort study.

Background: Second primary cancers (SPCs) after breast cancer (BC) present an increasing public health burden, with little existing research on socio-demographic, tumour, and treatment effects. We addressed this in the largest BC survivor cohort to date, using a novel linkage of National Disease Registration Service datasets.

Methods: The cohort included 581,403 female and 3562 male BC survivors diagnosed between 1995 and 2019.

[Joint study of seclusion, mechanical restraint and chemical restraint: Pilot study in three French psychiatric hospitals].

Psychiatric wards that only exceptionally use isolation and mechanical restraint may be suspected of using "chemical restraint". However, in the case of these services, the hypothesis of a reduction in the general level of restraint can also be formulated. Prior to a comprehensive study to test these hypotheses, the current research aims to assess indicators which define high levels of the use of these measures and a relevant sample.

Healthcare Service Utilization and Perceived Gaps: The Experience of French-Speaking 2S/LGBTQI+ People in Manitoba.

Ethnolinguistically diverse 2S/LGBTQI+ (two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex) populations have unique healthcare needs and experience health inequities compared to their cisgender or heterosexual peers. This community-based participatory study sought to describe the profile and healthcare needs and experiences of official language minority French-speaking 2S/LGBTQI+ adults in Manitoba. Participants ( 80) reported that gender and sexual identity were often concealed from service providers; many respondents faced discrimination based on their ethnolinguistic and sexual identities.

How Does the Number of Brain Metastases Correlate With Normal Brain Exposure in Single-Isocenter Multitarget Multifraction Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between normal brain exposure in LINAC-based single-isocenter multitarget multifraction stereotactic radiosurgery or stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) and the number or volume of treated brain metastases, especially for high numbers of metastases.

Methods And Materials: A cohort of 44 SRT patients with 709 brain metastases was studied. Renormalizing to a uniform prescription of 27 Gy in 3 fractions, normal brain dose volume indices, including V23 Gy (volume receiving >23 Gy), V18 Gy (volume receiving >18 Gy), and mean dose, were evaluated on these plans against the number and the total volume of targets for each plan.