Validation of a novel, low-fidelity virtual reality simulator and an artificial intelligence assessment approach for peg transfer laparoscopic training.

Simulators are widely used in medical education, but objective and automatic assessment is not feasible with low-fidelity simulators, which can be solved with artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) solutions. The effectiveness of a custom-made VR simulator and an AI-based evaluator of a laparoscopic peg transfer exercise was investigated. Sixty medical students were involved in a single-blinded randomised controlled study to compare the VR simulator with the traditional box trainer.

The Effects of Rapamycin on the Intestinal Graft in a Rat Model of Cold Ischemia Perfusion and Preservation.

Attenuating the rheological and structural consequences of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-injury (IRI) is important in transplant proceedings. Preconditioning is an often-proposed remedy. This technique uses physical or pharmacological methods to manipulate key ischemia pathways, such as oxidation, inflammation, and autophagy, prior to ischemia.

Subnormothermic isolated organ perfusion with Nicorandil increased cold ischemic tolerance of liver in experimental model.

Background: The cold ischemia -reperfusion injury may lead to microcirculatory disturbances, hepatocellular swelling, inflammation, and organ dysfunction. Nicorandil is an anti-ischemic, ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener drug and has proved its effectiveness against hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Nicorandil on mitochondrial apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, histopathological changes, and cold ischemic tolerance of the liver in an ex vivo experimental isolated-organ-perfusion model.

Characterizing Autophagy in the Cold Ischemic Injury of Small Bowel Grafts: Evidence from Rat Jejunum.

Cold ischemic injury to the intestine during preservation remains an unresolved issue in transplantation medicine. Autophagy, a cytoplasmic protein degradation pathway, is essential for metabolic adaptation to starvation, hypoxia, and ischemia. It has been implicated in the cold ischemia (CI) of other transplantable organs.

Effect of Pioglitazone on endoplasmic reticulum stress regarding in situ perfusion rat model.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) can cause insufficient microcirculation of the transplanted organ and results in a diminished and inferior graft survival rate.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of an anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone (Pio), on endoplasmic reticulum stress and histopathological changes, using an in situ perfusion rat model.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were used and were divided into six groups, consisting of the control group, vehicle-treated group and four Pio-treated groups (10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg Pio was administered).

Generation of solar spicules and subsequent atmospheric heating.

Spicules are rapidly evolving fine-scale jets of magnetized plasma in the solar chromosphere. It remains unclear how these prevalent jets originate from the solar surface and what role they play in heating the solar atmosphere. Using the Goode Solar Telescope at the Big Bear Solar Observatory, we observed spicules emerging within minutes of the appearance of opposite-polarity magnetic flux around dominant-polarity magnetic field concentrations.

Histological and Mechanical Assessment of Decellularized Porcine Biografts, and Its Biological Evaluation following Aortic Implantation during Mid-Term Follow-Up.

Aims: Prosthetic graft infection frequently requires graft replacement. Among other options, a biological graft could serve as an alternative choice. Decellularization reduces tissue immunogenicity.

The effect of trimetazidine in reducing the ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat epigastric skin flaps.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury may lead to insufficient microcirculation and results in partial flap loss during the free flap surgeries.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) on oxidative stress, inflammation and histopathological changes, using the epigastric skin flap model in rats.

Methods: 40 male Wistar rats were used, that were divided into four groups.

The role of GST polymorphism in reperfusion induced oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and clinical complications after surgical and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Patients having coronary artery disease treated by coronary bypass or PCI procedure are exposed to tissue damage because of the phenomenon called reperfusion injury. Reperfusion injury can be characterized/monitored by oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory markers and by post-operative complication rate.

Objective: Beyond the obvious factors determining its severity (affected myocardial mass, ischaemic time, collateral circulation etc.

Pentoxifylline attenuates the local and systemic inflammatory response after infrarenal abdominal aortic ischemia-reperfusion.

Aims: We studied the new anti-inflammatory effects of non-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor pentoxifylline (PTX) on ischaemia-reperfusion injury and postconditioning of the lower extremities. We aimed to examine the oxidative stress parameters (OSP), the inflammatory response and the changes in structure of skeletal muscle after revascularization surgery.

Methods: 50 Wistar rats in five groups underwent a 60 min infrarenal aortic cross clamping.

Sodium Pentosan Polysulfate Reduced Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in an Experimental Animal Model.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains an independent risk factor for mortality and morbidity after vascular surgery (affecting the renal arteries) or aortic surgery (requiring suprarenal aortic clamping). These types of vascular surgery produce renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, a common cause of AKI. The present studies aimed at monitoring the course of renal I/R injury at the cellular level and investigating the efficacy of long-term preoperative and single-shot intraoperative administration of sodium pentosan polysulfate (PPS) to protect renal tissue from acute I/R injury both in native and diabetic kidneys in rats.

[Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome and blood pressure control].

Introduction: Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome is a rare, hardly known condition, which can result in serious complications either after surgical or endovascular revascularization. Recognition of the typical triad (headache, seizure, focal neurological deficit) and the prompt radiological diagnosis (sonography, computed tomography) are crucial to achieve a favourable outcome.

Aim: The aim of the authors was to select the endangered group and set up an effective therapeutic protocol based their own experience in combination with relevant literature data.

Inhibition of Glutathione S-Transferase by Ethacrynic Acid Augments Ischemia-Reperfusion Damage and Apoptosis and Attenuates the Positive Effect of Ischemic Postconditioning in a Bilateral Acute Hindlimb Ischemia Rat Model.

Aims: We studied the effects of the inhibition of the endogene antioxidant glutathione-S-transferase (GST) by ethacrynic acid (EA) on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and postconditioning (PC) in the lower extremities. We aimed to examine the oxidative stress parameters (OSP), inflammatory response and activation of proapoptotic signaling proteins (PSP) after revascularization surgery.

Methods: Sixty Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: control, IR, PC, EA-control, IR and administration of EA (IR/EA) and PC and administration of EA (PC/EA).

[Dilemmas of the reconstruction of the major pelvic artery due to infectious aortic graft complication].

Introduction: In the pelvic region thrombendarterectomy and bypass procedures are the most commonly performed procedures to treat peripheral artery occlusive diseases with chronic, severe circulation failure caused by atherosclerosis. Biologic and synthetic grafts can also be used in bypass surgeries. Application of synthetic grafts can acutely increase the development of the infectious graft complication and its mortality is still between 70 and 75% in pelvic processes.

Substance misuse prevention as corporate social responsibility.

All sectors of society should be involved in reducing substance misuse, including businesses. However, the business sector is typically involved only to the extent that their products compel them to be (e.g.

[Endovascular treatment of subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm as a delayed complication after surgery for aorto-bifemoral graft infection].

Case Report: In this article we present a relatively rare vascular surgical complication and an uncommon treatment of it. In this case we used an aorto-bifemoral bypass on a patient with Leriche syndrome. The implanted Y-graft got infected and we were forced to remove it.

[Evaluation of calf muscle pump function after subfascial endoscopic perforator dissection].

Introduction: Perforating vein incompetence can be demonstrated in many cases of chronic venous insufficiency. Subfascial endoscopic perforating vein surgery has become an accepted method in the treatment of perforator insufficiency over the past decade. However, what the hemodynamic consequences of perforating vein interruption are, is not clear.