Unveiling cyclodextrin conjugation as multidentate excipients: An exploratory journey across industries.

The discovery of branched molecules like dextrin by Schardinger in 1903 marked the inception of cyclodextrin (CD) utilization, catalyzing its journey from laboratory experimentation to widespread commercialization within the pharmaceutical industry. CD, a cyclic oligosaccharide containing glucopyranose units, acts as a versatile guest molecule, forming inclusion complexes (ICs) with various host molecules. Computational studies have become instrumental in elucidating the intricate interactions between β-CD and guest molecules, enabling the prediction of binding energy, forces, affinity, and complex stability.

A Comprehensive Review of Self-Nanoemulsifying Systems in the Delivery of Herbal Drugs.

Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) are an isotropic mixture of oils, co-surfactants, and surfactants and can form fine O/W Nanoemulsions in aqueous media. These components are advantageous in terms of improved solubility and bioavailability. Limited permeability, solubility, and bioavailability remain a significant challenge in developing herbal drugs.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio as a Marker for Diagnosis and Prognostication of Sepsis.

Purpose: Exploring the ideal marker for early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis is crucial due to limitations of available sepsis indicators. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of sepsis.

Materials And Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching public hospital.

Perfusion index to predict post spinal hypotension in lower segment caesarean section.

Background And Aims: It is important to predict and prevent post-spinal hypotension in lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). Peripheral vascular tone can be monitored as a perfusion index (PI) from a pulse oximeter. We aimed to study baseline PI as a predictor of post-spinal hypotension in LSCS.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Pain, Agitation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disturbance in the Intensive Care Unit: The ABCDEF Bundle.

It is crucial to prevent and manage intensive care unit (ICU) distress caused by a pentad of pain, agitation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disturbance (PADIS) to optimize immediate and longterm recovery and outcomes of critically ill patients. This clinical practice guideline provides an update on the prevention, management, and liberation of PADIS in adult ICU patients using an integrated, evidence-based, multidisciplinary ICU protocol: the ABCDEF bundle. ABCDEF bundle incorporates assessment, prevention, and management of pain; both spontaneous awakening trial (SAT) and spontaneous breathing trial (SBT); choice of sedation and analgesia; delirium: assessment, prevention and management, and early mobility and exercise; family involvement and empowerment (ABCDEF) together as a PADIS care bundle.

Apneic anesthesia with THRIVE for pediatric bronchial foreign body removal: A case series.

Anesthesia for impacted tracheobronchial foreign body (FB) removal in pediatrics is challenging owing to shared airway, need of tubeless apneic anesthesia, and higher risk of airway complications. Transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) has unique applications for apneic anesthesia. The authors describe two pediatric cases of impacted lower bronchial FB that were difficult to retrieve and required long procedure time.

Assessment of Fluid Responsiveness by Changes in End Tidal Carbon Dioxide During Passive Leg Raising Test and Fluid Challenge.

Purpose: It is rationale to predict fluid responsiveness for optimum hemodynamic management. Passive Leg Raising (PLR) causes reversible increase in cardiac output (CO) and changes in end-tidal CO2& pressure (ETCO2 ) can be considered surrogate for CO variations. We aimed to assess the variations in EtCO2 with PLR and fluid challenge (FC) and also compared it with systolic arterial pressure (SAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and central venous pressure (CVP).

Protocatechuic acid attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress induced-behavioral and biochemical alterations in mice.

Amelioration of oxidative stress via promoting the endogenous antioxidant system and enhancement of monoamines in brain were the important underlying antidepressant mechanism of protocatechuic acid (PCA). The aim of the present study is to explore the potential antidepressant mechanism(s) PCA in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. Mice were subjected to CUMS protocol for 4 weeks, and administered with PCA (100 and 200 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) for 24 days (from day 8th to 31st).

Appraisal of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients at a Dedicated COVID Hospital.

Purpose: To study the pattern of severe COVID-19 to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Methods: It was an observational cohort study for comprehensive clinical analysis of critically ill COVID-19 patients at a dedicated COVID public hospital.

Results: Total 373(13.

Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy Nearing Term: A Clinical Analysis.

Background And Aim: Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy varies from benign to severe with fetomaternal complications. We aimed to evaluate thrombocytopenia in pregnant Indian females in third trimester mainly during labor and delivery.

Materials And Methods: It was a prospective observational study done in a tertiary care teaching public hospital over 1 year.

Facile synthesis of mesoporous alumina using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) as template: simplified sol-gel approach.

Herein the authors present the synthesis of surface functionalised mesoporous alumina (MeAl) for textural characterisation by a simplified sol-gel method obtained by using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide as a template. Etoricoxib (ETOX) was used as a model drug for the study. Alumina supported mesoporous material containing drug was characterised using instrumental technique namely Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, Fourier transform-infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy.

Facile synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotube via folic acid grafted nanoparticle for precise delivery of doxorubicin.

The motive of work was to develop a multi-walled carbon nanoplatform through facile method for transportation of potential anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). Folic acid (FA)-ethylene diamine (EDA) anchored and acid functionalised MWCNTs were covalently grafted with DOX via π-π stacking interaction. The resultant composite was corroborated by H NMR, FTIR, XRD, EDX, SEM, and DSC study.

Prediction of outcomes in chest trauma patients using chest trauma scoring system: A prospective observational study.

Background And Aims: Prognostication of chest trauma patients by scoring systems is of vital importance to predict morbidity and mortality. We aimed to predict outcomes in chest trauma patients using chest trauma scoring system (CTS) in Indian patients.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study done in a trauma care centre at a tertiary care teaching public hospital.

A study of partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide and end-tidal carbon dioxide correlation in intraoperative and postoperative period in neurosurgical patients.

Background And Aim: Monitoring carbon dioxide (CO) is of utmost importance in neurosurgical patients. It is measured by partial pressure of arterial CO (PaCO) and end-tidal CO (ETCO). We aimed to study the correlation between PaCO and ETCO in neurosurgical patients in the intraoperative and postoperative period on mechanical ventilation in Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU).

Emerging trends of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit of a tertiary care public teaching hospital in Western India.

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia poses great challenge to an intensivist. Detailed information about hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) is crucial for prevention and optimal management, thus improving quality Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care. Hence, we aimed to study the current trend of nosocomial pneumonia in ICU.

A Prospective Study of Acute Kidney Injury According to KDIGO Definition and its Mortality Predictors.

Background: Acute kidney injury is no longer considered to be an innocent bystander merely reflecting co-existent pathologies but an independent risk factor for mortality in the ICU.

Aims And Objectives: To study clinical profile and correlation of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) according to KDIGO definition with respect to incidence, outcome and different causes of AKI in critical care unit.

Study Design And Setting: It is a prospective observational study; and was carried out in the ICU of a tertiary care, teaching, public hospital.

A comparative study of epidural catheter colonization and infection in Intensive Care Unit and wards in a Tertiary Care Public Hospital.

Infection is a potentially serious complication of epidural analgesia and with an increase in its use in wards there is a necessity to demonstrate its safety. We aimed to compare the incidence of colonization of epidural catheters retained for short duration (for 48 h) postoperative analgesia in postanesthesia care unit and wards. It was a prospective observational study done in a tertiary care teaching public hospital over a period of 2 years and included 400 patients with 200 each belonged to two groups PACU and ward.

Mortality Predictors of ARDS in Medical Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Centre in a Tropical Country.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome of severe dyspnoea of rapid onset, hypoxemia, and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates leading to respiratory failure in the absence of cardiac failure. We did the study to asses various aetiologies of ARDS, to determine the correlation between the diagnostic criteria, mortality predictors, need of mechanical ventilation and the outcome of patients. This was an observational, prospective study in medical intensive care unit (MICU) of a tertiary care hospital, over a period of 15 months.

Prospective evaluation of maternal morbidity and mortality in post-cesarean section patients admitted to postanesthesia intensive care unit.

Background And Aims: Critical illness may complicate any pregnancy. Timely intensive care management of critically ill obstetric patients has better outcomes than expected from the initial severity of illness. The aim was to study the indications of transfer of post-cesarean section patients to post-anesthesia intensive care unit (PACU).

Microalbuminuria: a biomarker of sepsis and efficacy of treatment in patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit of a tertiary referral center.

Background: The outcome of sepsis is significantly affected by early institution of goal-directed therapies and hence, the search for an early marker of sepsis continues.

Aims And Objectives: To observe microalbuminuria levels between patients with sepsis and those without sepsis s admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) of a tertiary referral centre (primary) as also to assess the change in microalbuminuria levels in the first 24 hours as a predictor of mortality and morbidity relative to the APACHE II and SOFA scores.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study where 125 patients with sepsis and 38 without were assessed.

Lower segment cesarean section in a patient with severe thrombocytopenia and pregnancy induced hypertension.

Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy carries a major risk of feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. We present a case of hypocellular bone marrow with severe thrombocytopenia with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) for emergency lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). This disease is characterized by pancytopenia and hypocellular bone marrow with impaired morphology and maturation.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute lung injury and ARDS.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are critical illnesses associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Aims: This was designed to assess various etiologies of ALI/ARDS, to determine the correlation between the diagnostic criteria and need of mechanical ventilation, and to correlate biochemical factors with the outcome of patients.

Settings And Design: An observational, prospective study was conducted in a medical intensive care unit (MICU) of a tertiary care hospital, for a period of 1 year.