Investigating disparity in labor epidural analgesia management in black vs. white women: a retrospective case-control study (2018-2022).

Background: Disparities in labor epidural analgesia (LEA) management could reduce maternal satisfaction and increase risk. We compared times from the first administration of breakthrough pain medication (top-up) to LEA replacement to evaluate disparities across race.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study (01-01-2018 to 12-31-2022), all patients with LEA and maternal race/ethnicity of non-Hispanic White or Black were eligible.

Impact of the Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors intervention on health-related quality of life in breast and colorectal cancer survivors.

Background: The PPARCS trial examined the efficacy of a distance-based wearable and health coaching intervention to increase physical activity (PA) in breast and colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors living in non-metropolitan areas. This paper examines the effects of the intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 12 weeks (T2; end of intervention) and 24 weeks (T3; follow-up).

Methods: Participants that were insufficiently physically active and had successfully completed cancer treatment were randomised to an intervention or control group.

'The illness isn't the end of the road'-Patient perspectives on the initiation of and early participation in a multi-disease, community-based exercise programme.

Background: Exercise is the cornerstone of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Hospital-based CR exercise programmes are a routine part of clinical care and are typically 6-12 weeks in duration. Following completion, physical activity levels of patients decline.

The promoting physical activity in regional and remote cancer survivors (PPARCS) trial: Physical activity maintenance.

Introduction: The study examined whether increased physical activity (PA) in nonmetropolitan cancer survivors was maintained 12 weeks following the PPARCS intervention.

Methods: PA outcomes were assessed using an accelerometer at baseline, end of the intervention, and at 24 weeks. Linear mixed models were used to examine between-group changes in PA outcomes.

An online clinical decision tool to screen for vertebral fragility fractures (Vfrac) in older women presenting with back pain in general practice: protocol for a feasibility study in preparation for a future cluster randomised controlled trial.

Unlabelled: This feasibility study for a future definitive randomized trial assesses the use and acceptability of a new clinical decision tool to identify risk of a vertebral fracture and those who should be referred for spinal radiography in women aged 65 or over presenting to primary care with back pain.

Purpose: Approximately 12% of older adults have vertebral fragility fractures, but currently fewer than one-third are diagnosed, potentially limiting access to bone protection treatment. Vfrac is a vertebral fracture screening tool which classifies individuals into high or low risk of having a vertebral fracture, allowing targeting of spinal radiographs to high-risk individuals.

Safety, feasibility and effectiveness of the remotely delivered Pulmonary Hypertension and Home-Based (PHAHB) physical activity intervention.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a heterogeneous condition, associated with a high symptom burden and a substantial loss of exercise capacity. Despite prior safety concerns regarding physical exertion, exercise training as a supportive therapy is now recommended for PH patients. Currently, most programmes are hospital-based, which limits accessibility.

Experiences and facilitators of physical activity engagement amongst colorectal and endometrial cancer survivors: the Wearable Activity Technology and Action-Planning (WATAAP) trial.

Purpose: This study explored colorectal and endometrial cancer survivors' experiences of participation in a wearable intervention and the dimensions that influenced intervention engagement and physical activity behaviour change.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews (n= 23) were conducted with intervention participants (mean age 65.8 (SD ±7.

How to maximise asynchronous video resources that have been co-produced with patient partners.

Ensuring that health professional education is person centred is vital in the pursuit of person-centred clinical care. However, the volume of person-centred care content varies broadly in health professional education. One acknowledged approach to designing curriculum that is person-centred is to embed resources that have been co-produced by patients with lived and living experience.

Carer-supported home-based exercises designed to target physical activity levels and functional mobility after stroke: a scoping review.

Purpose: To explore the literature on carer-supported home-based exercise programs for people after stroke, as a form of physical activity. The review focus was to examine the training carers receive, the content of programs, and investigate the physical activity levels and functional mobility of people after stroke.

Materials And Methods: A scoping review was undertaken, guided by Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.

The Health and Functional Benefits of Eccentric versus Concentric Exercise Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This review compared the effects of eccentric versus concentric exercise training in healthy people and people with metabolic disease. A systematic search on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, SCOPUS and PubMed was conducted in February 2022. Randomised controlled trials conducted on sedentary healthy adults or those with an existing metabolic disease that compared eccentric versus concentric exercise training interventions of four weeks or longer that involved multiple joints and large muscle groups (e.

A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors (PPARCS).

Background: Physical activity (PA) is important for cancer survivors. Trials of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer survivors. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology, coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in Australia.

Exploration of physical activity knowledge, preferences and support needs among pulmonary hypertension patients.

Objective: Physical activity (PA) is an established adjunct therapy for pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients to mitigate PH symptoms and improve quality of life. However, PA engagement within this population remains low. This study investigated PH patients' knowledge of PA, recalled advice, exercise preferences and PA support needs.

High bone mass and cam morphology are independently related to hip osteoarthritis: findings from the High Bone Mass cohort.

Background: High bone mass (HBM, BMD Z-score ≥  + 3.2) and cam morphology (bulging of lateral femoral head) are associated with greater odds of prevalent radiographic hip osteoarthritis (rHOA). As cam morphology is itself a manifestation of increased bone deposition around the femoral head, it is conceivable that cam morphology may mediate the relationship between HBM and rHOA.

High occurrence of food insecurity in young people attending a youth mental health service in regional Australia.

Aim: Despite the relationship between food insecurity and poor mental health, food insecurity in young people attending mental health services in Australia remains understudied. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and predictors of food insecurity, and the relationship with dietary factors in young people attending a mental health service.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in a sample of young people (15-25 years) who attended a mental health service in Launceston, Australia.

The knowledge, barriers and opportunities to improve nutrition and physical activity amongst young people attending an Australian youth mental health service: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Mental illnesses are the leading cause of disability in young people, and lifestyle interventions in young people at risk of mental illness remain a priority. Opportunities to improve nutrition and physical activity among young people through youth mental health services remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the knowledge and behaviors towards nutrition and physical activity, the barriers and enablers to improving behaviors, and the preferred providers and sources of information for nutrition and physical activity among a sample of young people attending a youth mental health service.

"It is the fear of exercise that stops me" - attitudes and dimensions influencing physical activity in pulmonary hypertension patients.

Pulmonary hypertension is a progressive cardiorespiratory disease that is characterized by considerable morbidity and mortality. While physical activity can improve symptoms and quality of life, engagement in this population is suboptimal. The aim of this study was to explore attitudes towards exercise and the dimensions that influence physical activity participation in individuals with pulmonary hypertension.

Predicting physical activity change in cancer survivors: an application of the Health Action Process Approach.

Purpose: Previous research has not examined the utility of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) to predict physical activity (PA) change in cancer survivors. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of a HAPA-based model in predicting temporal change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in cancer survivors.

Methods: Participants enrolled in the Wearable Activity Technology and Action Planning (WATAAP) trial completed validated questionnaires (n = 64) to assess HAPA constructs (action and maintenance self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, action planning, risk perceptions, and intention) and wore an ActiGraph to measure PA at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks later.

The wearable activity technology and action-planning trial in cancer survivors: Physical activity maintenance post-intervention.

Objectives: The study objective was to assess whether moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) change in cancer survivors (n = 68, mean age = 64 years) was maintained 12-weeks following the Wearable Activity Technology and Action Planning (WATAAP) intervention. Secondary aims were to assess the effects of the intervention on blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI), and to explore group differences between baseline and 24-weeks.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Pulmonary hypertension and home-based (PHAHB) exercise intervention: protocol for a feasibility study.

Introduction: Novel therapies for pulmonary hypertension (PH) have improved survival and slowed disease progression. However, patients still present with symptoms of exertional dyspnoea and fatigue, which impacts their ability to perform activities of daily living, reduces exercise tolerance and impairs their quality of life (QoL). Exercise training has shown to be safe and effective at enhancing QoL and physical function in PH patients, yet it remains an underused adjunct therapy.

Factors influencing physical activity in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Physical activity (PA) is a well-documented and accepted adjunct therapy for the maintenance and improvement of long-term health in cystic fibrosis (CF). Although the benefits of PA for CF populations are well-established, adherence to PA programmes within this population remains low. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence engagement in physical activity, and to explore exercise preferences, among adults with cystic fibrosis (CF).