Heart lung axis in acute pulmonary embolism: Role of CT in risk stratification.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) remains a significant cause of mortality requiring prompt diagnosis and risk stratification. This review focuses on the role of computed tomography (CT) in the risk stratification of acute PE, highlighting its impact on patient management. We will explore basic pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism (PE) and review current guidelines, which will help radiologists interpret images within a broader clinical context.

The science and practice of imaging-based screening: What the radiologist needs to know.

Imaging-based screening is an important public health focus and a fundamental part of Diagnostic Radiology. Hence, radiologists should be familiar with the concepts that drive imaging-based screening practice including goals, risks, biases and clinical trials. This review article discusses an array of imaging-based screening exams including the key epidemiology and evidence that drive screening guidelines for abdominal aortic aneurysm, breast cancer, carotid artery disease, colorectal cancer, coronary artery disease, lung cancer, osteoporosis, and thyroid cancer.

Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation of Cardiac Tumors: Updated 2021 WHO Tumor Classification.

Cardiac tumors, although rare, carry high morbidity and mortality rates. They are commonly first identified either at echocardiography or incidentally at thoracoabdominal CT performed for noncardiac indications. Multimodality imaging often helps to determine the cause of these masses.

Imaging Utilization and Cost of Substance Use in an Urban Academic Medical Center During the Contemporary Opioid Epidemic.

Rationale And Objectives: To determine the recent impact of illicit substance use on imaging utilization and associated costs.

Methods: Retrospective study from an inner city urban multi-site academic medical center. Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was obtained with a waiver of informed consent.

Predictive Value of CT Biomarkers in Lung Transplantation Survival: Preliminary Investigation in a Diverse, Underserved, Urban Population.

Introduction: Survival following lung transplant is low. With limited donor lung availability, predicting post-transplant survival is key. We investigated the predictive value of pre-transplant CT biomarkers on survival.

Bend but don't break: Experience of a diverse New York City lung cancer screening program during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rationale And Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the national shutdown and subsequent reopening of cancer screening programs. Our diverse inner-city lung cancer screening program serves patients in the Bronx NY, which was severely affected by COVID-19, with the highest mortality in New York State in the spring of 2020. Staffing redeployment, quarantine protocols, increased safety measures, and changes in follow up resulted.

Influence of BMI on virtual coronary artery calcium scoring.

Purpose: Virtual non-contrast (VNC) coronary artery calcium scoring (CAC) may obviate the need for traditional non-contrast (TNC) CAC. There is no data on the influence of body mass index (BMI) on VNC reliability. We aimed to evaluate the influence of BMI on VNC CAC agreement with TNC.

Using Routine Chest Computed Tomography to Diagnose Pulmonary Embolism.

Objective: This study investigated the use of routine contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) to diagnose unsuspected pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods: All adult routine contrast-enhanced chest CTs performed at Montefiore in 2018 were included. Pulmonary artery enhancement was measured by placing regions of interest in the pulmonary vasculature.

Long-term Lung Abnormalities Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia.

In the 3rd year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, much has been learned about the long-term effects of COVID-19 pneumonia on the lungs. Approximately one-third of patients with moderate-to-severe pneumonia, especially those requiring intensive care therapy or mechanical ventilation, have residual abnormalities at chest CT 1 year after presentation. Abnormalities range from parenchymal bands to bronchial dilation to frank fibrosis.

Prone Chest Radiographs: Distinguishing Features and Identification of Support Devices.

Purpose: Prone position is known to improve acute lung injury, and chest radiographs are often necessary to monitor disease and confirm support device placement. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding radiographs obtained in this position. We evaluated prone radiographs for distinguishing features and ability to identify support devices.

COVID-19 in Kidney Transplant Recipient and Waitlist Patients: Implications of Chest Radiographic Severity Score.

Purpose: To evaluate the chest radiographic severity score (CXR-SS) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who are kidney transplant recipients compared with patients on the waitlist.

Study Design And Methods: This retrospective cohort includes 78 kidney transplant recipients (50 men, mean age 59.9±11.

Clearing the Congestion: Chest Radiography and BNP to Rule-out Congestive Heart Failure.

Purpose: Ruling out congestive heart failure (CHF) is clinically important in Emergency Department (ED) patients. Normal serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) represents an important reference standard for excluding CHF. Results of chest radiographs (CXR) are also considered and, when discordant with BNP levels, may result in a clinical dilemma.

Pulmonary CTA Reporting: Expert Panel Narrative Review.

Pulmonary CTA is a ubiquitous study interpreted by radiologists with different levels of experience in a variety of practice settings. Pulmonary embolism (PE) can range from an incidental and clinically insignificant finding to a clinically significant thrombus that can be managed on an outpatient basis to a potentially fatal condition requiring immediate medical or invasive management. Accordingly, a clear and concise pulmonary CTA report should effectively communicate the most pertinent findings to help the treating medical team diagnose or exclude PE and provide information to guide appropriate management.

Experience with a Perfusion-Only Screening Protocol for Evaluation of Pulmonary Embolism During the COVID-19 Pandemic Surge.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a pulmonary embolism (PE) perfusion-only screening (POS) protocol introduced during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic surge. Subjects without dense parenchymal lung opacities were studied; those with less than 1 segmental perfusion defect were considered to have no PE, whereas those exhibiting 1 or more defects were indeterminate, mandating additional examinations to determine the final diagnosis. We analyzed demographic information, clinical data, imaging findings, and follow-up data from the electronic records of COVID-19 patients who underwent lung scintigraphy during the 60-d study period.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism.

Prompt evaluation and therapeutic intervention of suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) are of paramount importance for improvement in outcomes. We systematically reviewed outcomes in patients with suspected PE, including mortality, incidence of recurrent PE, major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and postthrombotic sequelae. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and Embase for eligible studies, reference lists of relevant reviews, registered trials, and relevant conference proceedings.

A Retrospective Multi-Site Academic Center Analysis of Pneumothorax and Associated Risk Factors after CT-Guided Percutaneous Lung Biopsy.

Purpose: To assess the risk factors, incidence and significance of pneumothorax in patients undergoing CT-guided lung biopsy.

Methods: Patients who underwent a CT-guided lung biopsy between August 10, 2010 and September 19, 2016 were retrospectively identified. Imaging was assessed for immediate and delayed pneumothorax.

Performance of the Vancouver Risk Calculator Compared with Lung-RADS in an Urban, Diverse Clinical Lung Cancer Screening Cohort.

Purpose: To compare the performance of the Vancouver risk calculator (VRC) with the American College of Radiology's Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) for a lung cancer screening cohort in an urban, diverse clinical setting.

Materials And Methods: This study included a total of 486 patients with lung nodules (63 years ± 5.2 [standard deviation], 261 female patients), 448 of whom had lung nodules that were subsequently classified as benign and 38 of whom had those that were classified as malignant.