Prior knowledge-guided vision-transformer-based unsupervised domain adaptation for intubation prediction in lung disease at one week.

Data-driven approaches have achieved great success in various medical image analysis tasks. However, fully-supervised data-driven approaches require unprecedentedly large amounts of labeled data and often suffer from poor generalization to unseen new data due to domain shifts. Various unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods have been actively explored to solve these problems.

Magnetic resonance imaging to monitor disease activity in giant cell arteritis treated with ultra-short glucocorticoids and tocilizumab.

Objectives: MRI is well established for diagnosing GCA. Its role in monitoring disease activity has yet to be determined. We investigated vascular and musculoskeletal inflammation using MRI in the patients of the GUSTO trial to assess the utility of MRI in monitoring disease activity.

DWI scrolling artery sign for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis: a pattern recognition approach.

Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a pattern recognition approach for the evaluation of MRI scans of the head with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Methods: Retrospectively, 156 patients with suspected GCA were included. The 'DWI-Scrolling-Artery-Sign' (DSAS) was defined as hyperintense DWI signals in the cranial subcutaneous tissue that gives the impression of a blood vessel when scrolling through a stack of images.

Musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging findings support a common spectrum of giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.

Objectives: To investigate the proportion and distribution of contrast enhancement (CE) of musculoskeletal structures with MRI of the thorax/abdomen/pelvis in giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Methods: CE at 34 musculoskeletal sites was rated with a four-point ordinal scale. Patients were divided into groups with or without glucocorticoid (GC) treatment and with or without symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis: a comparison with T1-weighted black-blood imaging.

Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the superficial cranial arteries in the diagnosis of GCA.

Methods: Retrospectively, 156 patients with clinically suspected GCA were included. A new 4-point ordinal DWI rating scale was developed.

Takayasu arteritis: Prevalence and clinical presentation in Switzerland.

Objective: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a rare immune-mediated vasculitis of the aorta and its branches. Aims were to calculate prevalence and incidence in Switzerland, to assess disease activity and performance of MR-Angiography (MRA).

Methods: 31 patients were recorded in a database, 27 were followed prospectively up to 3 years.

The Influence of Various Cerebral and Extracerebral Pathologies on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values in the Fetal Brain.

Background And Purpose: The changing MRI signal accompanying brain maturation in fetal brains can be quantified on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Deviations from the natural course of ADC values may reflect structural pathology. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fetal pathologies on the ADC values in different regions of the fetal brain and their evolution with increasing gestational age.

Effect of Biomechanical Footwear on Knee Pain in People With Knee Osteoarthritis: The BIOTOK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Individually calibrated biomechanical footwear therapy may improve pain and physical function in people with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, but the benefits of this therapy are unclear.

Objective: To assess the effect of a biomechanical footwear therapy vs control footwear over 24 weeks of follow-up.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Randomized clinical trial conducted at a Swiss university hospital.

Clinical results of acetabular fracture management with the Pararectus approach.

Introduction: To present the accuracy of reduction, complications and results two years after open reduction and internal fixation of displaced acetabular fractures involving the anterior column (AC) through the Pararectus approach. Frequencies for conversion to total hip replacement in the early follow up, the clinical outcome in preserved hips, and the need for an extension of the approach (1st window of the ilioinguinal approach) are compared to the literature about the modified Stoppa approach.

Methods: Forty-eight patients (mean age 62 years, range: 16–98; 41 male) with displaced acetabular fractures involving the AC (AC: n = 9; transverse fracture: n = 2; AC and hemitransverse: n = 24; both column: n = 13) were treated between 12/2009 and 12/2011 using the Pararectus approach.

Diagnostic Performance and Additional Value of Elastosonography in Focal Breast Lesions: Statistical Correlation between Size-Dependant Strain Index Measurements, Multimodality-BI-RADS Score, and Histopathology in a Clinical Routine Setting.

Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic benefit of real-time elastography (RTE) in clinical routine. Strain indices (SI) for benign and malignant tumors were assessed.

Papain-induced in vitro disc degeneration model for the study of injectable nucleus pulposus therapy.

Background Context: Proteolytic enzyme digestion of the intervertebral disc (IVD) offers a method to simulate a condition of disc degeneration for the study of cell-scaffold constructs in the degenerated disc.

Purpose: To characterize an in vitro disc degeneration model (DDM) of different severities of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and water loss by using papain, and to determine the initial response of the human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) introduced into this DDM.

Study Design: Disc degeneration model of a bovine disc explant with an end plate was induced by the injection of papain at various concentrations.

How reliable and safe is full-body low-dose radiography (LODOX Statscan) in detecting foreign bodies ingested by adults?

Objective: Foreign body ingestion is common and potentially lethal. This study evaluates the use of low-dose Statscans (LODOX) in emergency departments.

Design: This comparative cross-sectional study retrospectively assessed 28289 digital chest x-rays and 2301 LODOX scans performed between 2006 and 2010 at a tertiary emergency centre.

The extended diep flap: extending the possibilities for breast reconstruction with tissue from the lower abdomen.

Background: The classical DIEP-flap is considered state-of-the-art in microsurgical autologous breast reconstruction. Some patients may require additional volume to match the contralateral breast. This quality control study prospectively evaluates the feasibility and outcome of a surgical technique, which pursues the volumetric augmentation of the DIEP-flap by harvesting of additional subscarpal fat tissue cranial to the classical flap border.

Are there cervical spine findings at MR imaging that are specific to acute symptomatic whiplash injury? A prospective controlled study with four experienced blinded readers.

Purpose: To compare the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings in patients with acute whiplash injury with those in matched control subjects.

Materials And Methods: In a prospective multicenter controlled study, from 2005 to 2008, 100 consecutive patients underwent 1.5-T MR imaging examinations of the cervical spine within 48 hours after a motor vehicle accident.

Preoperative mapping of arterial spinal supply using 3.0-T MR angiography with an intravasal contrast medium and high-spatial-resolution steady-state.

Introduction: Preoperative mapping of the arterial spinal supply prior to thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair is highly relevant because of high risk for postoperative ischemic spinal cord injuries such as paraparesis or paraplegia.

Methods: Twenty-four consecutive patients prior to surgical thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair were investigated. All patients underwent steady-state MR angiography (MRA) of the spinal vasculature with 3-T MRI.

Evaluation of the new Statscan radiography device for ventriculoperitoneal shunt assessment.

Objective: We assessed the diagnostic accuracy and time effectiveness of the Statscan low-dose full-body digital x-ray machine in the evaluation of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt dysfunction.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty-five consecutive adults scheduled for a radiographic shunt series with the Statscan were prospectively selected (group 1). Another 21 consecutive patients who underwent conventional x-ray scanning served as controls (group 2) for blinded analysis.

Rapid induction of remission in large vessel vasculitis by IL-6 blockade. A case series.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of IL-6 blockade using tocilizumab in inducing remission of arterial large vessel vasculitides (LVV).

Methods: Five consecutive patients with giant-cell arteritis (GCA) and two with Takayasu's arteritis (TA) were treated by tocilizumab infusions (8 mg/kg). Tocilizumab was given every other week for the first month and once monthly thereafter.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the placenta in fetuses with placental insufficiency.

Purpose: To evaluate diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the human placenta in fetuses with and fetuses without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) who were suspected of having placental insufficiency.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the local ethics committee, and written informed consent was obtained. The authors retrospectively evaluated 1.

Detection of chest trauma with whole-body low-dose linear slit digital radiography: a multireader study.

Objective: The objective of our study was to compare the performance of low-dose linear slit digital radiography (DR) with computed radiography (CR) for the detection of trauma sequelae in the chest including rib fractures, pneumothorax, and lung contusion.

Materials And Methods: Eighty trauma victims (62 males, 18 females; mean age, 51.5 years) with a total of 612 rib fractures and 80 consecutive patients without rib fractures (59 males, 21 females; mean age, 39.

MR angiography of infrapopliteal arteries in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease by using Gadofosveset at 3.0 T: diagnostic accuracy compared with selective DSA.

Purpose: To prospectively compare the diagnostic accuracy of steady-state, high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) angiography of the lower leg, performed with a blood pool contrast agent, with selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as the reference standard in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease.

Materials And Methods: Local ethics committee approval and written informed consent were obtained. In a nonrandomized trial, selective DSA and MR angiography were performed at 3.

Reliability of radiologic assessment of the fracture anatomy at the posterior tibial plafond in malleolar fractures.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the ability to extract surgically relevant information from plain radiographs in trimalleolar fractures and to compare this with the information gathered from computed tomography (CT).

Design: Retrospective analysis of consecutive patients.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Detection of urinary stones at reduced radiation exposure: a phantom study comparing computed radiography and a low-dose digital radiography linear slit scanning system.

Objective: In this experimental study we assessed the diagnostic performance of digital linear slit scanning radiography compared with computed radiography (CR) for the detection of urinary calculi in an anthropomorphic phantom imitating patients weighing approximately 58-88 kg.

Conclusion: Compared with CR, linear slit scanning radiography is superior for the detection of urinary stones and may be used for pretreatment localization and follow-up at a lower patient exposure.