Publications by authors named "Harada G"
Article Synopsis
- - The study developed a nomogram to predict the likelihood of pelvic lymph node metastases (ypN+) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in nonmetastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients, finding that ypN+ is linked to worse overall survival.
- - Data from 6,194 patients were analyzed, revealing that 22.8% of high-risk patients had ypN+, compared to only 8.0% in the low-risk group, with high-risk patients experiencing significantly shorter survival (36.1 vs. 74.0 months).
- - Key factors contributing to the nomogram included age, time from diagnosis to treatment, and the tumor’s histology and stage, making it a valuable tool for assessing risk
Purpose: TRK fusions are detected in less than 2% of central nervous system tumors. There are limited data on the clinical course of affected patients.
Experimental Design: We conducted an international retrospective cohort study of patients with TRK fusion-driven CNS tumors.
Article Synopsis
- Enfortumab vedotin (EV) and pembrolizumab (P) are standard treatments for advanced urothelial carcinoma, and this study investigates the safety of combining EV with radiation therapy (RT).
- The study involved nine patients who received EV and RT simultaneously, focusing on the side effects of radiation and symptom relief.
- Results showed that adverse effects were mostly mild, with significant symptom relief achieved; further research is suggested for broader conclusions.
Introduction: This study investigates the impact of pre- and post-treatment hematologic markers, specifically neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), on treatment outcomes in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT).
Methods: Data from 64 patients who underwent RT for curative management of STS were reviewed. Pre-RT and post-RT hematologic measures were evaluated for associations with survival outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- The study identified factors that delay the start of salvage radiation therapy in prostate cancer patients post-prostatectomy, specifically focusing on PSA levels.
- It analyzed data from 81 patients treated between 2011 and 2022, noting that insurance type significantly influenced the timing of treatment initiation, with HMO and PPO patients more likely to experience delays.
- The findings highlight the importance of PSA monitoring and access to timely care, especially for patients with certain insurance plans, suggesting that healthcare policies may impact treatment outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is a rare and challenging form of kidney cancer with limited treatment options and poor prognosis, especially when it spreads.
- A 42-year-old male with metastatic pRCC, who had a specific genetic mutation (ATM), underwent various treatments, including immunotherapy and radiation, but faced issues with side effects and disease progression.
- Remarkably, even after a 10-month treatment hiatus, the patient's condition remained stable, suggesting that the ATM mutation may have made his cancer more responsive to radiation therapy.
Article Synopsis
- ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective for treating ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer, but the emergence of resistance mutations, particularly L2086F, poses a challenge.
- The study compares the efficacy of different TKIs, revealing that type II TKIs maintain effectiveness against the L2086F mutation while type I TKIs do not, highlighting important structural differences in their binding.
- Results indicate that cabozantinib is effective against ROS1 L2086F in clinical cases, but its multi-kinase activity suggests the need for more targeted options, with gilteritinib offering potential benefits worth further exploration.
Y-90 Selective Internal Radiotherapy (SIRT) is an ablative therapy used for inoperable liver metastasis. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the impact of local control after SIRT on overall survival (OS) in oligometastatic patients. A retrospective, single-institution study identified oligometastatic patients with ≤5 non-intracranial metastases receiving unilateral or bilateral lobar Y-90 SIRT from 2009 to 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarge-scale tumor molecular profiling has revealed that diverse cancer histologies are driven by common pathways with unifying biomarkers that can be exploited therapeutically. Disease-agnostic basket trials have been increasingly utilized to test biomarker-driven therapies across cancer types. These trials have led to drug approvals and improved the lives of patients while simultaneously advancing our understanding of cancer biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: While NTRK fusion-positive cancers can be exquisitely sensitive to first-generation TRK inhibitors, resistance inevitably occurs, mediated in many cases by acquired NTRK mutations. Next-generation inhibitors (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To examine the physical function and respiratory muscle strength of patients - who recovered from critical COVID-19 - after intensive care unit discharge to the ward on Days one (D1) and seven (D7), and to investigate variables associated with functional impairment.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of adult patients with COVID-19 who needed invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula and were discharged from the intensive care unit to the ward. Participants were submitted to Medical Research Council sum-score, handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, and short physical performance battery tests.
Background: Peripheral pulmonary stenosis (PPS) is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the pulmonary arteries, which impairs blood flow to the lung. The mechanisms underlying PPS pathogenesis remain unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic background of patients with severe PPS to elucidate the pathogenesis of this condition.
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- Activating point mutations in the MET tyrosine kinase domain are identified as oncogenic drivers in various cancers, occurring in about 0.5% of cases, particularly in certain papillary renal cell carcinomas.
- Specific mutations at positions H1094, L1195, F1200, D1228, Y1230, and M1250 were labeled as oncogenic or likely oncogenic based on genetic profiling.
- Preclinical models and patient responses indicate that these mutations may enhance sensitivity to MET inhibitors, highlighting the potential for targeted precision treatments in oncology.
Unlabelled: While tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have shown remarkable efficacy in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), clinical outcomes vary and acquired resistance remains a significant challenge. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with ALK-positive NSCLC who had clinico-genomic data independently collected from two academic institutions (n = 309). This was paired with a large-scale genomic cohort of patients with ALK-positive NSCLC who underwent liquid biopsies (n = 1,118).
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- The document in question addresses corrections made to the original article identified by DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212882.
- The corrections aim to address inaccuracies or errors found in the previously published research.
- These revisions ensure the integrity and reliability of the findings presented in the article.
Study Design: Prospective, case series.
Objective: To identify and characterize any differences in specific patient factors, MRI findings, features of spontaneous disc resorption, and outcomes between patients with single-level and multilevel LDH.
Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the most common spinal pathologies worldwide.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the resistance of ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer to various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), highlighting that next-generation TKIs still face challenges in providing lasting therapeutic responses.
- Researchers compared the efficacy of type I TKIs (like crizotinib and entrectinib) to type II TKIs (cabozantinib and merestinib) across different ROS1 mutations in cell models, finding that type II TKIs retained activity against specific resistant mutations.
- The findings suggest that cabozantinib and gilteritinib can effectively inhibit the ROS1 L2086F mutation, with clinical cases showing positive responses to cabozantinib in patients experiencing
Purpose: The objectives of this study were to identify key dosimetric parameters associated with postradiation therapy lymphopenia and uncover any effect on clinical outcomes.
Methods And Materials: This was a retrospective review of 69 patients (between April 2010 and January 2023) who underwent radiation therapy (RT) as a part of curative intent for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) at a single academic institution. All patients with treatment plans available to review and measurable absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) nadir within a year after completion of RT were included.
Purpose: We performed a prospective one-year multi-imaging study to assess the clinical outcomes and rate of disc resorption in acute lumbar disc herniation (LDH) patients undergoing inflammation-preserving treatment (i.e. no NSAIDS, steroids).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: rearrangements and activating point mutations represent targetable genomic alterations in advanced solid tumors. However, the frequency and clinicopathologic characteristics of wild-type amplification in cancer and its potential role as a targetable oncogenic driver are not well-characterized.
Methods: In two institutional cohorts of patients with solid cancers from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) whose tumors underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS), the frequency and clinicopathologic features of wild-type amplification in the absence of rearrangements or activating mutations was assessed.
Introduction: Select tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used to treat oncogene-driven lung cancers also inhibit MATE-1. When MATE-1 is blocked, creatinine is retained in the serum. Elevated creatinine levels raise the specter of drug-induced intrarenal insufficiency despite the lack of true renal injury.
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- The study investigates the long-term outcomes of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) linked to congenital heart disease (CHD) using a scoring system called the index of pulmonary vascular disease (IPVD), which categorizes lung pathology severity.
- Out of 764 patients under 20 years old with CHD-PAH, those with an IPVD score of 2.0 or higher experienced significantly worse survival rates, highlighting the relationship between IPVD scores and cardiovascular death.
- The findings suggest that the IPVD scoring system can help predict outcomes, indicating that patients with higher IPVD scores may require more careful treatment strategies, such as considering palliative measures before any surgical corrections.
Perovskite-type oxynitrides have recently been highlighted due to their dielectric and photocatalytic properties. Numerous studies have addressed the synthesis and characterization of their nanocrystals and ceramics. However, few research works have considered single-crystal formation in such systems due to difficulties in melt growth.
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