Impact of Early Microparticle Release during Isolated Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Correlation with Coagulopathy and Mortality.

Background: Microparticles (MPs) have been implicated in thrombosis and endothelial dysfunction. Their involvement in early coagulopathy and in worsening of outcomes in isolated severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients remains ill defined.

Objective: We sought to quantify the circulatory MP subtypes derived from platelets (PMPs; CD42), endothelial cells (EMPs; CD62E), and those bearing tissue factor (TFMP; CD142) and analyze their correlation with early coagulopathy, thrombin generation, and in-hospital mortality.

Evaluation of Diagnostic Usefulness of CD200 Expression in B-cell Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders.

Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry (FCM) is a useful diagnostic tool for the evaluation of mature B-cell neoplasms (MBN). Here, CD200 expression may play a significant role and improve the distinction between various MBNs, but any potential as a prognostic marker is yet to be established. The present prospective study was conducted on all the suspected cases of MBNs.

Small cell variant anaplastic large cell lymphoma presenting as leukemia: A case report and review of Literature.

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a subcategory of the mature T-cell neoplasm characterized by sheets of cluster of differentiation (CD)30-positive pleomorphic large cells mostly present as lymphadenopathy. Here, we describe a case of Small cell variant ALCL with leukemic presentation without lymphadenopathy. A 68-year-old male presented with fatigue and weakness; examination revealed a total leukocyte count of 295,000/uL.

CD157 Can Replace CD24 and CD14 in a Single-Tube Flow-Cytometric Assay to Detect Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Clones on Both Neutrophils and Monocytes: A Prospective Study From North India.

Introduction As per current guidelines, detection of paroxysmal nocturnal hematuria (PNH) clones on leucocytes requires the demonstration of the loss of at least two glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI)-linked molecules on both neutrophils and monocytes by flow cytometry. CD24 and CD14 are GPI-linked molecules expressed on neutrophils and monocytes respectively, whereas another GPI-linked molecule, CD157, is expressed on both neutrophils and monocytes. This prospective study evaluated the ability of CD157 to replace both CD24 and CD14 in a single-tube flow-cytometric assay to detect PNH clones on both neutrophils and monocytes.

Platelet Function Analysis by Flowcytometry in Thrombocytopenic Trauma Patients.

Hemostasis is dependent on sufficient quantity and quality of circulating functional platelets. Platelet function in trauma patients with thrombocytopenia and its impact on the clinical outcome is not adequately explored. Whether platelet dysfunction has a role in the pathogenesis of acute traumatic coagulopathy needs to be studied.

Proportion of CD34CD38CD123 Leukemia Stem Cells at Diagnosis Varies in ELN Risk Groups and an Emerging Novel Marker for Prognosticating the Intermediate Risk patients of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Prospective Study.

The proportion of CD34  CD38CD123 leukemia stem cells (LSCs) at diagnosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) correlated with induction remission (IR), relapse free survival and overall survival in few studies. Prospectively bone marrows of AML patients were immunophenotyped for CD34  CD38 CD123 LSCs at baseline using sequential gating, relevant clinical and laboratory data collected and clinical outcomes were studied.The patients ( = 47) were risk stratified as favorable risk, intermediate risk and adverse risk.

Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion (ISHBT) Consensus Document on Hematological Practice During COVID-19 Pandemic.

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide public health emergency with widespread impact on health care delivery. Unforeseen challenges have been noted during administration of usual haematology care in these unusual COVID-19 times. Medical services have been overstretched and frontline health workers have borne the brunt of COVID-19 pandemic.

Characterization of analytical errors in thromboelastography interpretation.

Introduction: Interpretation of Thromboelastography (TEG) curve involves correlating patient's clinical profile with TEG parameters and the tracing, keeping in mind the potential sources of errors, and hence requires expertise. We aimed to analyse the analytical errors in TEG interpretation due to paucity of literature in this regard.

Material And Methods: The retrospective study was conducted in an apex trauma center in North India.

FLAER Based Assay According to Newer Guidelines Increases Sensitivity of PNH Clone Detection.

Flow cytometry has become 'gold standard' for detecting abnormal clones in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), aplastic anemia (AA) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This pilot study was conducted in 2015 with a primary aim to evaluate the utility of single tube fluorescent aerolysin (FLAER) based testing and its comparison with two tubes non-FLAER based testing (CD55, CD59, CD24 and CD66b) in detecting abnormal PNH clones in these newly diagnosed cases. The secondary aim was an attempt to distinguish PNH from AA/MDS cases associated with PNH clones based on clinical, laboratory features and clone size at diagnosis.

Comparison of CRP and procalcitonin for etiological diagnosis of fever during febrile neutropenia in hematology patients- an experience from a tertiary care center in Northern India.

Introduction: Febrile neutropenia is a common cause in morbidity and mortality during treatment of hematological neoplasms.

Methods: Subjects included all cases admitted under hematology department with febrile neutropenia from February to June 2018. Each febrile episode was investigated by standard investigations (Blood culture, Chest x ray etc.

Concomitant Existence of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria in a Patient with Hb E (: c.79G>A) Trait.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal disorder that manifests with bone marrow failure, thrombosis and hemolysis. We present a 28-year-old male who presented with weakness, jaundice and transfusion dependence. On initial investigation, he was found to have anemia with jaundice with hemoglobin (Hb) capillary zone electrophoresis suggestive of Hb E (: c.

Pediatric myelofibrosis: WHO 2024 update on myeloproliferative neoplasms calling?

Objectives: Pediatric myelofibrosis is a rare entity with the largest reported series of 19 cases. We describe here the clinicopathological spectrum and outcomes of 15 cases of pediatric myelofibrosis.

Methods: Case files of myelofibrosis of patients less than 18 years were retrieved from January 2016 to January 2019, and patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis after exhaustive work-up were studied.

Calreticulin Mutation by Immunohistochemistry: Can It Replace PCR?

Before 2013, the diagnosis of about 30% to 45% cases of primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) posed a diagnostic difficulty because of the missing reliable clonal marker. Calreticulin (CALR) mutation was identified as a recurrent mutation in about 60% to 88% of JAK2/MPL-negative PMF and ET. Molecular methods like Sanger sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are considered gold standard, but they have limited availability, complex techniques, and labor intensive.

Utility of Lupus Anticoagulant Assays (APTT-LA, KCT, DPT and DRVVT) in Detection of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) in High Risk Pregnancy Cases.

Routine investigation for recurrent pregnancy loss includes measurement of antiphospholipid antibodies. The lupus anticoagulant has long been associated with increased risks for thrombosis and adverse obstetric outcomes. But there are some disadvantages with lupus anticoagulant (LAC) tests which includes varied sensitivity of different clot based assays.

Efficacy of Thromboelastography (TEG) in Predicting Acute Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy (ATIC) in Isolated Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (iSTBI).

To evaluate the efficacy of point-of-care thromboelastography (TEG) to predict acute trauma-induced coagulopathy (ATIC) in isolated severe TBI (iSTBI). We conducted an observational diagnostic cohort. Patients for whom TEG was performed before blood transfusion were stratified by conventional coagulation tests (CCTs) on admission and classified as "ATIC" (prothrombin time ≥ 16.

T Regulatory Cells in Donor Grafts May Predict the Severity of Acute Graft Versus Host Disease After Matched Sibling Donor Allogenic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and relapse are major issues for patients undergoing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT). T-regulatory (Treg) cells in the donor graft are negatively correlated with the incidence of aGVHD without any impact on relapse. In this study to determine the association of Treg cells with aGVHD in allo-HSCT patients.

Outcomes of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in the pediatric age group in a resource-constrained setting.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired clonal stem cell disorder. Eculizumab and bone marrow transplantation are disease-modifying treatments for PNH but may not be readily available in resource-constrained settings. Of 52 pediatric patients with PNH, 20 had classical PNH and 32 had PNH/aplastic anemia (PNH/AA).

Role of CD138, CD56, and light chain immunohistochemistry in suspected and diagnosed plasma cell myeloma: A prospective study.

Introduction: Plasma cells (PCs) have conventionally been counted on the bone marrow aspirate, and small focal involvement may be missed even on bone marrow biopsy sections.

Material And Methods: We aimed to study the role of CD138, CD56, anti-κ, and anti-λ immunohistochemistry (IHC) to separate PC myeloma from reactive plasmacytosis and to study the utility of these in cases suspected as myelomas and lacking >10% PCs on bone marrow aspirate. The study comprised 35 diagnosed myelomas, 20 reactive plasmacytosis, and 19 M-band positive suspected myelomas.

Early posttraumatic changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis systems in isolated severe traumatic brain injury patients and its influence on immediate outcome.

Objective/background: Early coagulopathy in isolated severe traumatic brain injury occurs despite the lack of severe bleeding, shock, and fluid administration. We aimed to correlate coagulation activation/inhibition, thrombin generation and fibrinolysis with the development of acute trauma induced coagulopathy (TIC) and its effects on early mortality in isolated severe traumatic brain injury (iSTBI) patients.

Methods: A prospective screening of iSTBI patients was done for two years.

Acute Traumatic Endotheliopathy in Isolated Severe Brain Injury and Its Impact on Clinical Outcome.

Study Design: Prospective observational cohort.

Objective: To investigate the difference in plasma levels of syndecan-1 (due to glycocalyx degradation) and soluble thrombomodulin (due to endothelial damage) in isolated severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with/without early coagulopathy. A secondary objective was to compare the effects of the degree of TBI endotheliopathy on hospital mortality among patients with TBI-associated coagulopathy (TBI-AC).

Utility of 5-Methylcytosine Immunohistochemical Staining to Assess Global DNA Methylation and Its Prognostic Impact in MDS Patients.

Background: DNA methylation plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disorders. It is reported to be an independent prognostic factor affecting overall survival (OS). Our aim was to analyze the role of global DNA methylation using an anti-5-methylcytosine (5-MC) antibody by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of bone marrow biopsy (BM Bx) specimens in MDS patients, assessing correlations with various clinical and biological prognostic factors.

Diagnosis of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: Recent Advances.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder with its protean clinical manifestations. This is due to partial or complete absence of 'glycophosphatidyl-inositol-anchor proteins' (GPI-AP). The main aim of this review is to highlight various diagnostic modalities available, basic principle of each test and recent advances in the diagnosis of PNH.