Wetland Entitlement and Sustainable Livelihood of Local Users in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Hakaluki Haor Communities.

Local wetland-dependent communities in Bangladesh face numerous challenges in attaining sustainable livelihoods. To understand this phenomenon, it is imperative to explore the factors that prevent them from acquiring the necessary endowments for livelihood sustainability. Notably, literature exploring these is very scant.

Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation Based on Monte Carlo Simulation Using Photoplethysmography Signals.

Blood pressure measurements are one of the most routinely performed medical tests globally. Blood pressure is an important metric since it provides information that can be used to diagnose several vascular diseases. Conventional blood pressure measurement systems use cuff-based devices to measure the blood pressure, which may be uncomfortable and sometimes burdensome to the subjects.

Low Daily Intake of Fruits and Vegetables in Rural and Urban Bangladesh: Influence of Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors, Social Food Beliefs and Behavioural Practices.

Bangladesh is facing a large burden of non-communicable diseases. As a possible remedy, the WHO/FAO recommends consuming 400 g or five servings of fruits and vegetables every day; however, only a small proportion of the population practices this. The present study sets out to determine the sociodemographic factors that affect this low intake of fruits and vegetables, and the roles that beliefs and behavioural practices play in influencing food consumption.

Noninvasive In Vivo Estimation of Blood-Glucose Concentration by Monte Carlo Simulation.

Continuous monitoring of blood-glucose concentrations is essential for both diabetic and nondiabetic patients to plan a healthy lifestyle. Noninvasive in vivo blood-glucose measurements help reduce the pain of piercing human fingertips to collect blood. To facilitate noninvasive measurements, this work proposes a Monte Carlo photon simulation-based model to estimate blood-glucose concentration via photoplethysmography (PPG) on the fingertip.

Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant properties of water-soluble extracts obtained from Bangladesh vegetables.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value and antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of some Bangladesh vegetables using fruits of ash gourd, bitter gourd, brinjal, okra, ridge gourd, snake gourd, and leaves of Indian spinach, kangkong, and stem amaranth. Proximate composition showed that the dried extracts were composed mainly of crude protein (14.6%-46.

Inhibitory Activities of Polyphenolic Extracts of Bangladeshi Vegetables against α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Pancreatic Lipase, Renin, and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme.

The aim of the study was to determine the in vitro enzyme inhibition activities of aqueous polyphenolic extracts of nine popular Bangladeshi vegetables, namely ash gourd, bitter gourd, brinjal, Indian spinach, kangkong, okra, ridge gourd, snake gourd, and stem amaranth. Polyphenolic glycosides were the major compounds present in the extracts. Inhibition of α-amylase (up to 100% at 1 mg/mL) was stronger than α-glucosidase inhibition (up to 70.

Community resilience to cyclone and storm surge disasters: Evidence from coastal communities of Bangladesh.

In this study, we posit that in determining the underpinnings and attributes of community resilience to disaster-shocks, an analysis of actual and potential disaster victims' emic perspectives, that is the views of cultural insiders, on recovery processes and community resilience is crucial. We argue that community resilience must be framed within a deeper understanding of the subjective views of the actors themselves, their local knowledge and culture, and the historical context of the place or social formation. In this context, the primary goal of this study was to delineate the fundamental elements of community recovery and attributes of resilience to cyclones, storm surges, and other environmental disaster-shocks in Bangladesh's coastal communities, and, recognizing that social actions are pivotal elements of community resilience, we attempt to make a novel contribution by underscoring local emic perspectives.

Association among ecological and behavioural attributes, dengue vector and disease control: a cross-sectional study of the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: This study examines vector density, the prevailing knowledge, awareness, attitudes and practice (KAAP) of community members regarding dengue disease and their willingness to pay (WTP) for vector control in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study design was followed: (i) an entomological survey was carried out in 727 randomly selected households in 12 wards, representing four urban ecological zones and (ii) a survey of 330 household heads was conducted to study their KAAP. The χ2 test and multinomial logistic regression (MLR) were applied to investigate factors associated with WTP and other variables.

Role of container type, behavioural, and ecological factors in Aedes pupal production in Dhaka, Bangladesh: An application of zero-inflated negative binomial model.

The container-inhabiting Aedes mosquitoes are the major vectors transmitting dengue and several other arboviral diseases such as chikungunya and zika across the tropical world. Surveillance for immature Aedes, particularly pupae, is an effective tool for measuring dengue outbreak risk. While in Bangladesh, the greatest burden of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever cases has periodically been occurring since the first major outbreak in 2000, very limited research has yet been pursued to understand the dynamics of Aedes pupal production in this country.

Risk factors for the presence of dengue vector mosquitoes, and determinants of their prevalence and larval site selection in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Dengue viruses are responsible for over 100 million infections a year worldwide and are a public health concern in Bangladesh. Although risk of transmission is high, data on vector population characteristics are scanty in Bangladesh; therefore, a comprehensive prediction of the patterns of local virus transmission is not possible. Recognizing these gaps, multi-year entomological surveys were carried out in Dhaka, where the disease is most frequently reported.

Dengue seroprevalence, seroconversion and risk factors in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) activity has been reported in Dhaka, Bangladesh since the early 1960s with the greatest burden of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever cases observed in 2000. Since this time, the intensity of dengue activity has varied from year to year, and its determining factors remained relatively unknown. In light of such gaps in knowledge, the main objectives of this study were to determine the magnitude of seroprevalence and seroconversion among the surveyed population, and establish the individual/household level risk factors for the presence of DENV antibodies among all age groups of target populations in the city of Dhaka.

Socioeconomic and Ecological Factors Influencing Aedes aegypti Prevalence, Abundance, and Distribution in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

This study examined household risk factors and prevalence, abundance, and distribution of immature Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, and their association with socioeconomic and ecological factors at urban zonal and household levels in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh. During the 2011 monsoon, 826 households in 12 randomly selected administrative wards were surveyed for vector mosquitoes. Results revealed that the abundance and distribution of immature Ae.

Dengue Disease Risk Mental Models in the City of Dhaka, Bangladesh: Juxtapositions and Gaps Between the Public and Experts.

Worldwide, more than 50 million cases of dengue fever are reported every year in at least 124 countries, and it is estimated that approximately 2.5 billion people are at risk for dengue infection. In Bangladesh, the recurrence of dengue has become a growing public health threat.

Human vulnerability, dislocation and resettlement: adaptation processes of river-bank erosion-induced displacees in Bangladesh.

The purpose of this research was to identify and analyse patterns of economic and social adaptation among river-bank erosion-induced displacees in Bangladesh. It was hypothesised that the role of social demographic and socio-economic variables in determining the coping ability and recovery of the river-bank erosion-induced displacees is quite significant. The findings of the research reveal that displacees experience substantial socio-economic impoverishment and marginalisation as a consequence of involuntary migration.

Vulnerability to tropical cyclones: evidence from the april 1991 cyclone in coastal bangladesh.

In this article we report the results of a survey conducted in two coastal communities of Bangladesh less than two weeks after they were hit by the severe cyclone of April 29, 1991. It was found that almost all of the surveyed heads of households had received early warnings of the cyclone. Nevertheless, a majority of the respondents did not leave their homes to seek shelter.

Coping with riverbank erosion hazard and displacement in bangladesh: survival strategies and adjustments.

As a deltaic plain, Bangladesh annually experiences riverbank erosion hazard due to sudden and rapid channel shifting, particularly in the major floodplain areas of the country. Consequently, valuable cultivable land is lost; also village settlements, markets and towns are destroyed, displacing tens of thousands of people. This paper examines the magnitude of river channel migration and encroachment on land, and the nature of human adjustment systems in the Brahmaputra-Jamuna floodplain, by investigating aspects of the social and cultural dynamics of resettlement of the displaced people.

Impacts of river bank erosion on population displacement in the lower Brahmaputra (Jamuna) floodplain.

"This study has attempted to focus on dimensions and impacts of displacement by river bank erosion in the lower Brahmaputra (Jamuna) floodplain of Bangladesh. Based on a survey of 547 randomly selected households, it was observed that about two thirds of the floodplain inhabitants were displaced at least once in their life time." The socioeconomic consequences are discussed, and implications for development planning are considered.