Development and initial validation of a self-report measure to assess eating disorder-specific interoceptive perception.

Interoceptive deficits-particularly with respect to the perception of emotions, hunger, and satiety-constitute important targets for intervention in eating disorders (EDs). Suitable self-report measures to identify these deficits, however, are lacking. We, therefore, developed and validated a multidimensional questionnaire to assess eating disorder-specific interoceptive perception (EDIP) in terms of the ability to perceive and discriminate between emotions, hunger, and satiety.

Modeling oxidative injury response in human kidney organoids.

Background: Hemolysis occurs in many injury settings and can trigger disease processes. In the kidney, extracellular hemoglobin can induce damage via several mechanisms. These include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation, which promote fibrosis and chronic kidney disease.

Methodology for the Automated Visual Detection of Bird and Bat Collision Fatalities at Onshore Wind Turbines.

The number of collision fatalities is one of the main quantification measures for research concerning wind power impacts on birds and bats. Despite being integral in ongoing investigations as well as regulatory approvals, the state-of-the-art method for the detection of fatalities remains a manual search by humans or dogs. This is expensive, time consuming and the efficiency varies greatly among different studies.

Numerical Optimization of a Fully Cross-Coupled Rectifier Circuit for Wireless Passive Ultra Low Power Sensor Nodes.

In the context of the Internet of Things, billions of devices-especially sensors-will be linked together in the next few years. A core component of wireless passive sensor nodes is the rectifier, which has to provide the circuit with sufficient operating voltage. In these devices, the rectifier has to be as energy efficient as possible in order to guarantee an optimal operation.

The impact of model assumptions in scalar-on-image regression.

Complex statistical models such as scalar-on-image regression often require strong assumptions to overcome the issue of nonidentifiability. While in theory, it is well understood that model assumptions can strongly influence the results, this seems to be underappreciated, or played down, in practice. This article gives a systematic overview of the main approaches for scalar-on-image regression with a special focus on their assumptions.

German version of the intuitive eating scale: Psychometric evaluation and application to an eating disordered population.

Intuitive eating has been described to represent an adaptive eating behaviour that is characterised by eating in response to physiological hunger and satiety cues, rather than situational and emotional stimuli. The Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) has been developed to measure such attitudes and behaviours on four subscales: unconditional permission to eat (UPE), eating for physical rather than emotional reasons (EPR), reliance on internal hunger and satiety cues (RHSC), and body-food choice congruence (B-FCC). The present study aimed at validating the psychometric properties of the German translation of the IES-2 in a large German-speaking sample.

Quality of Work: Validation of a New Instrument in Three Languages.

Introduction And Objective: A new instrument to measure quality of work was developed in three languages (German, French and Luxembourgish) and validated in a study of employees working in Luxembourg.

Methods And Results: A representative sample (n = 1529) was taken and exploratory factor analysis revealed a six-factor solution for the 21-item instrument (satisfaction and respect, mobbing, mental strain at work, cooperation, communication and feedback, and appraisal). Reliability analysis showed satisfying reliability for all six factors and the total questionnaire.

Superman vs. BAD man? The effects of empathy and game character in violent video games.

Recent findings indicate that events in video games, as well as players' perceptions of game characters, moderate well-established video game effects. This includes the level of identification with game characters, and players' interpretation of whether or not the actions of the characters are conceived as moral. In the present study, it was tested whether manipulating empathy for well-known game characters influences video game effects in a violent beat-'em-up game.

Sustained-release formulation of doxycycline hyclate for prophylaxis of tick bite infection in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis.

The prophylactic potential of a single injection of sustained-release doxycycline hyclate (Atridox) was compared to that of a single oral dose of doxycycline hyclate in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis. Prophylaxis, as measured by the lack of cultivable spirochetes and demonstrable pathology, was noted for 43% of orally treated mice; in contrast, the sustained-release doxycycline hyclate completely protected mice from infection and resultant pathology.

The efficacy of co-feeding as a means of maintaining Borrelia burgdorferi: a North American model system.

Although research on co-feeding as a means of maintaining tick-borne pathogens has focused chiefly on viruses, recent interest has been directed toward the importance of this phenomenon in maintaining the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. In the current study, an experimental model was developed to determine under what conditions immature co-feeding ticks exchange B. burgdorferi using the principal North American vector (Ixodes scapularis) and reservoir (Peromyscus leucopus) species.

Use of a sentinel host system to study the questing behavior of Ixodes spinipalpis and its role in the transmission of Borrelia bissettii, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, and Babesia microti.

Ixodes spinipalpis maintains Borrelia bissettii spirochetes in Colorado in a cycle involving wood rats and deer mice. This tick has been described as nidicolous, remaining either attached to its rodent hosts or in the rodent nest. Nidicolous ticks pose little risk of pathogen transmission to humans if they do not actively quest for hosts.

Borrelia lonestari DNA in adult Amblyomma americanum ticks, Alabama.

Polymerase chain reaction analysis of 204 Amblyomma americanum and 28 A. maculatum ticks collected in August 1999 near the homes of patients with southern tick-associated rash illness and in control areas in Choctaw County, Alabama, showed Borrelia lonestari flagellin gene sequence from two adult A. americanum.

Infection of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) with Borrelia burgdorferi using a new artificial feeding technique.

To study interactions between Ixodes scapularis (Say) and Borrelia burgdorferi, an artificial feeding system was refined to allow controlled manipulation of single variables. The feeding system uses a mouse skin mounted on a water-jacketed glass membrane feeder. I.

Babesia microti and Borrelia bissettii transmission by Ixodes spinipalpis ticks among prairie voles, Microtus ochrogaster, in Colorado.

An endemic transmission cycle of Babesia microti was discovered in Colorado in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. B. microti were found by PCR in 4 of 25 Ixodes spinipalpis tick pools tested (a 3.

Isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from Neotoma fuscipes, Peromyscus maniculatus, Peromyscus boylii, and Ixodes pacificus in Oregon.

The number of Lyme disease cases in Oregon has increased in recent years despite the fact that the pathogen, Borrelia burgdorferi, has never been isolated in the state. Rodent and tick surveys were undertaken in 1997 to isolate and characterize strains of B. burgdorferi from Oregon and to identify potential reservoirs and vectors of Lyme disease.

Isolation of thogoto virus (Orthomyxoviridae) from the banded mongoose, Mongos mungo (Herpestidae), in Uganda.

Small wild vertebrates were trapped during an investigation into possible vertebrate reservoirs of o'nyong-nyong (ONN) fever virus in Uganda in 1997. Antibody neutralization test results and virus isolation attempts were negative for ONN virus, confirming the work of earlier investigators, who also failed to find evidence for a nonhuman ONN virus reservoir. In the course of these ONN virus studies, Thogoto virus was isolated from one of eight banded mongooses (Mongos mungo).

Geographic survey of vector ticks (Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus) for infection with the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi.

Populations of adult Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus, the two principal vectors of Lyme disease spirochetes in the United States, were collected from 17 sites in 12 states. Female ticks were fed on experimental rabbits; ticks and rabbits were subsequently examined for infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Fourteen rabbits were exposed to I.

Mosquito feeding modulates Th1 and Th2 cytokines in flavivirus susceptible mice: an effect mimicked by injection of sialokinins, but not demonstrated in flavivirus resistant mice.

Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were fed on C3H/HeJ mice and systemic cytokine production was quantified from stimulated lymphocytes harvested four to ten days after feeding. Mosquito feeding on C3H/HeJ mice significantly down regulated IFN gamma production seven to ten days post feeding by Cx. pipiens and seven days after Ae aegypti feeding.

Duration of immunity to reinfection with tick-transmitted Borrelia burgdorferi in naturally infected mice.

The ability of naturally infected and cured mice to resist reinfection with tick-transmitted Borrelia burgdorferi was tested over a 1-year period. All of the mice were resistant to reinfection when they were challenged at 1.5 months after cure.

Ability of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi to infect rodents and three species of human-biting ticks (blacklegged tick, American dog tick, lone star tick) (Acari:Ixodidae).

The infectivity of a diverse collection of Borrelia burgdorferi strains from North America for mice was determined as a prelude to vector competence experiments with the 3 primary human-biting tick species in the eastern United States (Ixodes scapularis Say, Dermacentor variabilis (Say), Amblyomma americanum (L.)]. Of the 34 B.

Duration of tick attachment as a predictor of the risk of Lyme disease in an area in which Lyme disease is endemic.

Animal studies have shown an exponential increase in the risk of Borrelia burgdorferi infection after 48-72 h of deer tick attachment. Persons with tick bites were prospectively studied to determine if those with prolonged tick attachment constitute a high-risk group for infection. Ticks were identified, measured for engorgement, and assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for B.

Incomplete protection of hamsters vaccinated with unlipidated OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi infection is associated with low levels of antibody to an epitope defined by mAb LA-2.

Efforts to develop a recombinant vaccine for Lyme disease have focused on using the outer surface protein A (OspA) of Borrelia burgdorferi as an immunogen. We evaluated the effectiveness of an unlipidated recombinant OspA as a vaccine in hamsters. This molecule is soluble and can be produced in high yield in Escherichia coli, characteristics that permit simple and relatively low cost production.

Discovery of an enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi in Neotoma mexicana and Ixodes spinipalpis from northern Colorado, an area where Lyme disease is nonendemic.

An intensive enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi was seen in populations of the Mexican wood rat, Neotoma mexicana, and Ixodes spinipalpis ticks in northern Colorado. Cultures of rodent ear tissue and ticks yielded 63 spirochetal isolates: 38 N. mexicana, 2 Peromyscus difficilis, and 23 I.

Amblyomma americanum: a potential vector of human ehrlichiosis.

Polymerase chain reaction primers specific for Ehrlichia chaffeensis were used to amplify DNA from extracts of pooled ticks. Amplification was performed on extracts from 140 pools (1,579 total ticks) consisting of three tick genera collected from five states. The characteristic 389-basepair product was observed after amplification of extracts from seven different pools of adult Amblyomma americanum (117 pools, 1,462 ticks), but not from pools of nymphs.

Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks by species-specific amplification of the flagellin gene.

We developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that specifically amplifies a fragment of the flagellin gene (fla) of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease. This fla target, amplified with nested primers, was conserved among all 80 strains of B. burgdorferi tested.