High-Performance Complementary Circuits from Two-Dimensional MoTe.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials hold great promise for future complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. However, the lack of effective methods to tune the Schottky barrier poses a challenge in constructing high-performance complementary circuits from the same material. Here, we reveal that the polarity of pristine MoTe field-effect transistors (FETs) with minimized air exposure is n-type, irrespective of the metal contact type.

Study of the Effect of Retarder and Expander on the Strength and Cracking Performance of Rubber Concrete Based on Back Propagation Neural Network.

The advantages of rubber concrete (RC) are good ductility, fatigue resistance, and impact resistance, but few studies have been conducted on the effects of different rubber admixtures on the strength of RC and the cracking performance of rubber mortar. In this study, the compressive and flexural tests of rubber concrete and the crack resistance test of rubber mortar were carried out by changing the rubber content and adding expansion agent and retarder in this test. The test results show that the strength of RC decreases with the increase in rubber admixture.

Weakly supervised perivascular spaces segmentation with salient guidance of Frangi filter.

Purpose: To develop a weakly supervised 3D perivascular spaces (PVS) segmentation model that combines the filter-based image processing algorithm and the convolutional neural network.

Methods: We present a weakly supervised learning method for PVS segmentation by combing a rule-based image processing approach Frangi filter with a canonical deep learning algorithm Unet using conditional random field theory. The weighted cross entropy loss function and the training patch selection were implemented for the optimization and to alleviate the class imbalance issue.

Imaging perivascular space structure and function using brain MRI.

In this article, we provide an overview of current neuroimaging methods for studying perivascular spaces (PVS) in humans using brain MRI. In recent years, an increasing number of studies highlighted the role of PVS in cerebrospinal/interstial fluid circulation and clearance of cerebral waste products and their association with neurological diseases. Novel strategies and techniques have been introduced to improve the quantification of PVS and to investigate their function and morphological features in physiological and pathological conditions.

Metagenomic Views of Microbial Communities in Sand Sediments Associated with Coral Reefs.

Reef sediments, the home for microbes with high abundances, provide an important source of carbonates and nutrients for the growth and maintenance of coral reefs. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the composition of microbial community in sediments of different geographic sites and their potential effect on nutrient recycling and health of the coral reef ecosystem. In combination of biogeochemical measurements with gene- and genome-centric metagenomics, we assessed microbial community compositions and functional diversity, as well as profiles of antibiotic resistance genes in surface sediments of 16 coral reef sites at different depths from the Xisha islands in the South China Sea.

Three-dimensional self-attention conditional GAN with spectral normalization for multimodal neuroimaging synthesis.

Purpose: To develop a new 3D generative adversarial network that is designed and optimized for the application of multimodal 3D neuroimaging synthesis.

Methods: We present a 3D conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) that uses spectral normalization and feature matching to stabilize the training process and ensure optimization convergence (called SC-GAN). A self-attention module was also added to model the relationships between widely separated image voxels.

Gate-Tunable Plasmon-Enhanced Photodetection in a Monolayer MoS Phototransistor with Ultrahigh Photoresponsivity.

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), direct bandgap materials with an atomically thin nature, are promising materials for electronics and photonics, especially at highly scaled lateral dimensions. However, the characteristically low total absorption of photons in the monolayer TMD has become a challenge in the access to and realization of monolayer TMD-based high-performance optoelectronic functionalities and devices. Here, we demonstrate gate-tunable plasmonic phototransistors (photoFETs) that consist of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS) photoFETs integrated with the two-dimensional plasmonic crystals.

Volumetric distribution of perivascular space in relation to mild cognitive impairment.

Vascular contributions to early cognitive decline are increasingly recognized, prompting further investigation into the nature of related changes in perivascular spaces (PVS). Using magnetic resonance imaging, we show that, compared to a cognitively normal sample, individuals with early cognitive dysfunction have altered PVS presence and distribution, irrespective of Amyloid-β. Surprisingly, we noted lower PVS presence in the anterosuperior medial temporal lobe (asMTL) (1.

High-speed integrated micro-LED array for visible light communication.

In this Letter, we report high-speed integrated 14 µm in diameter micro-light-emitting diode (μLED) arrays with the parallel configuration, including ${2} \times {2}$2×2, ${2} \times {3}$2×3, ${2} \times {4}$2×4, and ${2} \times {5}$2×5 arrays. The small junction area of μLED (${\sim}{191}\;\unicode{x00B5}{\rm m}^2$∼191µm) in each element facilitates the operation of higher injection current density up to ${13}\;{{\rm kA/cm}^2}$13kA/cm, leading to the highest modulation bandwidth of 615 MHz. The optical power of ${2} \times {5}$2×5 array monotonically increases (${\sim}{10}$∼10 times higher) as the number of arrays increases (1 to 10), while retaining the fast modulation bandwidth.