Effect of progesterone concentration on hCG trigger day on clinical outcomes after high-quality single blastocyst transfer in GnRH antagonist cycles.

Objective: To investigate whether progesterone levels on the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger day are associated with clinical outcomes in fresh cycles and the first frozen-thawed cycles (the freeze-all strategy) following the transfer of a high-quality single blastocyst.

Methods: This single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on patients undergoing fertilization with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol from January 2017 to December 2023. The study included the first and second oocyte retrieval cycles with progesterone levels ≤2 ng/ml on hCG trigger day.

The effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist downregulation in conjunction with hormone replacement therapy on endometrial preparation in patients for frozen-thawed embryo transfer.

Objective: To investigate the effects of combining gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) downregulation with hormone replacement therapy (HRT, GnRHa-HRT) on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included patients who had FET between January 2018 and December 2022. They were categorized into HRT and GnRHa-HRT groups based on the endometrial preparation protocol.

Blastocyst quality and perinatal outcomes of frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles.

Objective: To investigate the effects of blastocyst quality and morphological grade on the perinatal outcomes in patients undergoing frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 2648 singleton neonates resulting from frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfers performed between January 2017 and September 2021. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate perinatal outcomes for their association with blastocyst quality and morphological parameters.

Significantly lengthened telomere in granulosa cells from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy among women at reproductive age. However, its etiology remains poorly understood. Recent studies indicated that telomere length was related to PCOS.

A novel functional variant in Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1) is associated with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia.

Idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia (INOA) is one of the most severe forms of male infertility, yet its pathophysiology remains unclear. WT1 (Wilms' tumor 1) regulates the polarity of Sertoli cells, thereby playing a critical, indirect role in spermatogenesis. Here, we evaluated WT1 gene variation associates with INOA by assessing its promoter and coding regions in 200 patients diagnosed with INOA and 200 proven-fertile men.

Good quality blastocyst from non-/mono-pronuclear zygote may be used for transfer during IVF.

Although healthy infants have developed from non- and mono-pronuclear zygotes, the transfer of embryos from non- and mono-pronuclear zygotes is not recommended because there are no proper selection criteria. In the present study, we discuss how to select non- and mono-pronuclear embryos with the highest developmental potential at 19-20 hours post-insemination. We found that the percentage of blastocysts with normal chromosome constitution in non-pronuclear zygotes was slightly higher than in mono-pronuclear zygotes.

Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome have successful embryo arrest.

In this retrospective study, we investigate the relationship between embryo arrest and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). In this study, 667 subjects were enrolled, including 330 patients with PCOS and 337 subjects without PCOS. The subjects underwent in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) cycles at the Reproductive Medical Centre of Henan Provincial Hospital from January 2009 to December 2012.

Supplementation with low concentrations of melatonin improves nuclear maturation of human oocytes in vitro.

Purpose: Studies in bovine and porcine have indicated that melatonin (MT) could induce meiotic maturation of immature oocytes in vitro. The object of the current study was to investigate if MT could ameliorate human oocytes maturation during rescue in vitro maturation (IVM).

Methods: Two hundred seventy eight germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes and 451 (MI) metaphase I oocytes were vitrified, thawed and then matured in vitro.

Early cumulus cell removal could reduce the available embryo rate in human IVF.

Purpose: This study was designed to compare cumulus cell removal at different times and to evaluate their effects on embryo developmental potential and the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: We retrieved 606 IVF cycles with standard long down regulation protocol from January 2010 to December 2010. These cycles were divided into two groups: group A, 364 cycles with high risk of fertilization failure, whose cumulus cells were removed 4 h after short gamete coincubation; group B, 242 cycles as control, whose cumulus cells removal were performed 17 to 18 h after insemination.