A novel transcranial MR Guided focused ultrasound method based on the ultrashort echo time skull acoustic model and phase retrieval techniques.

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) has been clinically applied as a neuromodulation tool. Particularly, the phase array ultrasound can be applied in TUS to non-invasively focus on the cortex or deep brain. However, the vital phase distortion of the ultrasound induced by the skull limits its clinical application.

Mapping individual structural covariance network in development brain with dynamic time warping.

A conspicuous property of brain development or maturity is coupled with coordinated or synchronized brain structural co-variation. However, there is still a lack of effective approach to map individual structural covariance network. Here, we developed a novel individual structural covariance network method using dynamic time warping algorithm and applied it to delineate developmental trajectories of topological organizations of structural covariance network from childhood to early adulthood with a large sample of 655 individuals from Human Connectome Project-Development dataset.

SPatiotemporal-ENcoded acoustic radiation force imaging of focused ultrasound.

Neuromodulation technology has provided novel therapeutic approaches for diseases caused by neural circuit dysfunction. Transcranial focused ultrasound (FU) is an emerging neuromodulation approach that combines noninvasiveness with relatively sharp focus, even in deep brain regions. It has numerous advantages such as high precision and good safety in neuromodulation, allowing for modulation of both peripheral and central nervous systems.

Effect of regional intrinsic activity following two kinds of theta burst stimulation on precuneus.

Theta burst stimulation (TBS) has been widely used in the treatment of mental disorders, but the cerebral functional difference between intermittent TBS (iTBS) and continuous TBS (cTBS) after one single session of stimulation is not clear. Here we applied resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-FMRI) to evaluate the alterations in intrinsic brain activity after iTBS and cTBS in the precuneus. We recruited 32 healthy young adults and performed a single session each of iTBS and cTBS at a 1-week interval.

Efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and adolescents with depression: A systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis.

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) benefits adults with depression while its efficacy and safety in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) remain unclear. We conducted a preliminary meta-analysis here to objectively appraise rTMS in the youth with MDD to inform future research and clinical practice.

Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception to December 1, 2021.

Application of graph theory across multiple frequency bands in drug-naïve obsessive-compulsive disorder with no comorbidity.

Recently, graph theoretical analysis based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging has provided a means of investigating the complex brain connectome in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients. However, these studies have been restricted to spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals with frequency bands between 0.01 and 0.

Characterizing multiscale modular structures in medication-free obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with no comorbidity.

Brain networks exhibit signatures of modular structure, which maintains a fine trade-off between wiring cost and efficiency of information transmission. Alterations in modular structure have been found in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, previous studies were focused on a single scale (i.

Prolactin mediates the relationship between regional gray matter volume and postpartum depression symptoms.

Background: Pospartum Depression (PPD) causes significant adverse effects on mothers and their offspring. The condition is considered to have multiple pathogenic factors. However, the underlying neural basis of these factors keeps unclear.

Brain Entropy Study on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Resting-State fMRI.

Brain entropy is a potential index in the diagnosis of mental diseases, but there are some differences in different brain entropy calculation, which may bring confusion and difficulties to the application of brain entropy. Based on the resting-state function magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we analyzed the differences of the three main brain entropy in the statistical significance, including approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SampEn) and fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn), and studied the physiological reasons behind the difference through comparing their performance on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and the healthy control (HC). We set patients with OCD as the experimental group and healthy subjects as the control group.

Efficacy and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been widely used as an alternative treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the most effective rTMS parameters, such as the targets and stimulation frequencies, remain controversial. Therefore, we aimed to compare and rank the efficacy and tolerability of different rTMS strategies for OCD treatment.

Simulation and Experimental Study on Doubled-Input Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection of Capillary Electrophoresis.

In this contribution, we optimize the structure of double-input capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (DICD) that proposed before by our group and successfully applied it in the capillary electrophoresis of inorganic ion analysis. Furthermore, we present the detail theoretical analysis and simulation to exploring the working mechanism of DICD. Compared with CD, under identical experimental conditions and by using the same current-to-voltage converter, both the theoretical and experimental results suggest that the effectiveness and feasibility of DICD.

[Motion-in-depth Perception and Static Stereopsis of Patients with Strabismics].

Objective: To determine the role of motion-in-depth perception and static stereopsis in strabismics, and factors associated with the perception of motion-in-depth.

Methods: A total of 84 strabismic patients (including 57 intermittent exotropes, 12 constant exotropes and 15 esotropes) and 16 normal controls were recruited. Binocular fusion ability, static stereopsis and motion-in-depth perception were tested using the computer-generated stereoscopic stimuli.

Impact of iterative model reconstruction combined with dose reduction on the image quality of head and neck CTA in children.

This study aimed to evaluate the imaging quality of head and neck computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in pediatric patients at a lowered radiation dose by combining an iterative model reconstruction (IMR) with low voltage scanning. Eighty-three pediatric patients were randomized into two groups as follows: Group A (n = 42), 100 kV/50 ml contrast media (CM), using filtered back projection (FBP); and Group B (n = 41), 80 kV/30 ml CM, using IMR. The enhanced CT value of the arteries, the image noise, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)/contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the image quality, the effective radiation dose (ED) and the iodine intake were compared between the two groups.

Investigation of different boundary treatment methods in Monte-Carlo simulations of diffusion NMR.

Purpose: To enrich and develop more convenient and effective boundary treatment method in Monte-Carlo simulation of restricted diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance.

Methods: The conventional approach used in treating boundary behaviors of restricted diffusion is the elastic boundary reflection. Because random walk is not dynamic process, other boundary treatments such as inelastic reflection are acceptable and probably simplify the programming of diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance simulation.

Proton MR spectroscopy of central neurocytoma using short and long echo time: new proofs for the existence of glycine and glutamate.

Rationale And Objectives: Central neurocytomas (CNCs) are rare benign tumors typically located in the lateral ventricle of the central nervous system. The authors report five patients with CNCs and review 16 previously published studies that included 52 patients with CNCs to explore the magnetic resonance spectroscopic features of CNCs.

Materials And Methods: Five patients with CNCs were retrospectively reviewed.

[Analysis on DQA protocol of fMRI].

Our purpose is to introduce and analyze the data quality assurance (DQA) protocol of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A water phantom was scanned to get DQA indexes. An fMRI sequence was used to get signal noise ratio (SNR) and Drift, which was calculated from maximum difference ratio of the average signal intensity in the region of interest (ROI) of image serials.

[A research on JPEG2000 used in DICOM store service].

In view of the fact that the large quantities of data contained in the medical image do not have a favorable setting for effective storage and transmission in the existing network, we have developed a JPEG2000 DICOM image compression kit using VC++, and we have realized the medical image storage service according to the C-STORE rule of DICOM standard. The results showed that the medical image processed by JPEG2000 compression algorithm not only greatly saved the storage space, but also reduced the band width needed by transmission. In this paper is discussed the DICOM image compressed by JPEG2000 compression algorithm in DICOM strorage service application.

[Study of stress distribution in mandibular first premolar restored by composite resin with root screw of different length in different occlusion].

Objective: To investigate stress distribution in mandibular first premolar restored by composite resin with root screw of different length in different occlusion.

Methods: An three dimensional finite element model of mandibular first premolar restored by composite resin with root screw was constructed by using spiral CT image reconstruction technique, Mimics, Pro/Engineer, Pro/Mechanica software. Based on this model, stress distribution in dentin, composite resin and root screw was analyzed in the situation of different screw length and different occlusion.

[The research and implementation of DICOM interface of medical imaging devices].

PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems) is the hot spot of hospital information construction research and DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) is the international standard about data compression and translation of medical image and relational information. Supporting DICOM standard is the necessary condition for medical image devices to join into PACS net. In making reforms in the old fashioned medical devices in hospitals, it is necessary to add DICOM interface for medical image devices.

[Effects of encapsulated plasmid recombining with hANP cDNA transfected cells on morphological and histological characteristic of experimental hypertensive rats].

A technique based on release of the human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) from plasmid hANP cDNA transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells encapsulated in polycaprolactone (PCL)-capsules was used for a potential therapeutic approach to hypertension or congestive heart failure (CHF). The plasmid combining with hANP cDNA was transfected into CHO cells, and then encapsulated plasmid hANP cDNA transfected CHO cells were implanted into two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats intraperitoneally. The morphological changes, histological changes were investigated after the implantation of PCL-capsules in 2K1C hypertensive rats.

Encapsulated transgene cells attenuate hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and enhance renal function in Goldblatt hypertensive rats.

Background: The success of any gene-therapy approach depends on the survival of the genetically engineered cells that are implanted in the patient to deliver the therapeutic product. Immunoisolation of nonautologous cells within a microcapsule is a unique approach for gene therapy.

Methods: We employed an immunoisolation device that protects nonautologous cells from destruction, to implant human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP)-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats.