Pre-harvest treatment with gibberellin (GA) and nitric oxide donor (SNP) enhances post-harvest firmness of grape berries.

Grapes are prone to softening, which limits their shelf life and suitability for long-distance transport. This study explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of the chemical preservatives gibberellin (GA) and the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on grape firmness. Enhancing grape quality, prolonging shelf life, and extending market supply were key objectives.

Direct multiple monochromatic x-ray imaging with a pinhole array and a laterally graded multilayer mirror.

Multiple monochromatic x-ray imaging (MMI) is a technique for diagnosing the emission spectra of tracer elements in laser-driven inertial confinement fusion experiments. This study proposes an MMI method that combines a simple pinhole array with a laterally graded multilayer mirror. The method directly obtains multiple monochromatic x-ray images by regulating the multilayer thickness in different mirror positions to compensate for the energy-broadening effect.