A Novel Computational Framework for Predicting the Survival of Cancer Patients With PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Blockade Therapy.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) induce durable responses, but only a minority of patients achieve clinical benefits. The development of gene expression profiling of tumor transcriptomes has enabled identifying prognostic gene expression signatures and patient selection with targeted therapies.

Methods: Immune exclusion score (IES) was built by elastic net-penalized Cox proportional hazards (PHs) model in the discovery cohort and validated four independent cohorts.

Construction and validation of an immunoediting-based optimized neoantigen load (ioTNL) model to predict the response and prognosis of immune checkpoint therapy in various cancers.

Background: Only a minority of patients clinically benefit from immune checkpoint therapy. Tumor clones with neoantigens have immunogenicity; therefore, they are eliminated by T-cell-mediated immune editing. Identifying neoantigen clones with the ability to induce immune elimination may better predict the clinical outcome of immunotherapy.

Single-cell exome sequencing reveals multiple subclones in metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cancer type whose mechanism of metastasis remains elusive.

Methods: In this study, we characterised the evolutionary pattern of metastatic CRC (mCRC) by analysing bulk and single-cell exome sequencing data of primary and metastatic tumours from 7 CRC patients with liver metastases. Here, 7 CRC patients were analysed by bulk whole-exome sequencing (WES); 4 of these were also analysed using single-cell sequencing.

Integrated bioinformatics analysis to identify 15 hub genes in breast cancer.

The aim of the present study was to identify the hub genes and provide insight into the tumorigenesis and development of breast cancer. To examine the hub genes in breast cancer, integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed. Gene expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the 'limma' package in R.

MED12 exerts an emerging role in actin-mediated cytokinesis via LIMK2/cofilin pathway in NSCLC.

Background: Mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) is an essential hub for transcriptional regulation, in which mutations and overexpression were reported to be associated with several kinds of malignancies. Nevertheless, the role of MED12 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be elucidated.

Methods: MED12 mutation was detected by Next-generation sequencing.