Development and Evaluation of Automated Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain Tumor Response Assessment in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Background And Purpose: To develop and evaluate an automated, AI-based, volumetric brain tumor MRI response assessment algorithm on a large cohort of patients treated at a high-volume brain tumor center.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 634 patients treated for glioblastoma at a single brain tumor center over a 5-year period (2017-2021). The mean age was 56 +/-13 years.

Increasing Sensitivity in Patient-Reported MDS-UPDRS Items for Predicting Medication Initiation in Early PD.

Background: The MDS-UPDRS Parts IB and II are self-reported items providing a direct patient voice to the experiences of PD.

Objective: To determine the most sensitive combination of MDS-UPDRS Parts IB and II items that accurately predicted the clinically relevant target of dopaminergic therapy initiation.

Methods: Utilizing a longitudinal cohort of de novo non-treated PD patients, we applied item response theory (IRT) and survival analysis to assess the relationship between baseline patient-reported symptoms and the later initiation of dopaminergic therapy.

Validating new symptom emergence as a patient-centric outcome measure for PD clinical trials.

Introduction: Tracking of emergent symptoms (ES) in de novo Parkinson Disease (PD) patients using Parts Ib and II of the MDS-UPDRS rating scale has been proposed as an outcome measure for PD clinical trials, based on observations in the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy Assessment of Isradipine for PD (STEADY-PD3) clinical trial.

Methods: Individual item-level data was extracted from the SURE-PD3 study (coded as "PD-1018" in the C-path pooled dataset). We sought to confirm the observations made in the STEADY-PD3 dataset by analyzing data from a different Phase 3 clinical trial, the Phase 3 Study of Urate Elevation in Parkinson Disease (SURE-PD3), in which MDS-UPDRS was assessed more frequently than the 12-month intervals in STEADY-PD3, using similar methodology.

Clinical efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy in HR-positive/HER2-0 and HER2-low-positive metastatic breast cancer: a secondary analysis of PALOMA-2 and PALOMA-3 trials.

Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors in combination with traditional endocrine therapy (ET) are now the recommended first-line treatment for hormone receptor (HR)-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, the benefits of adding CDK4/6 inhibitors to ET in HER2-low-positive and HER2-0 subgroups remain unclear. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with ET in patients with HR-positive, HER2-low-positive and HER2-0 MBC.

BAYESIAN INFERENCE AND DYNAMIC PREDICTION FOR MULTIVARIATE LONGITUDINAL AND SURVIVAL DATA.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder impairing multiple domains such as cognition and daily functions. To better understand the disease and its progression, many AD research studies collect multiple longitudinal outcomes that are strongly predictive of the onset of AD dementia. We propose a joint model based on a multivariate functional mixed model framework (referred to as MFMM-JM) that simultaneously models the multiple longitudinal outcomes and the time to dementia onset.

Multivariate functional mixed model with MRI data: An application to Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and impairment in various domains. Recent AD studies, (ie, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study), collect multimodal data, including longitudinal neurological assessments and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, to better study the disease progression. Adopting early interventions is essential to slow AD progression for subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Seaweed Slurry Improved Gel Properties and Enhanced Protein Structure of Silver Carp () Surimi.

In order to improve the gel quality of silver carp () surimi, the texture and rheological properties and microstructure of silver carp surimi gel products were analyzed by adding (), () and () slurries. After adding kelp slurry (KS), the gel strength reached the highest level of 1047.26 ± 85.

Application of longitudinal item response theory models to modeling Parkinson's disease progression.

The Movement Disorder Society revised version of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) parts 2 and 3 reflect patient-reported functional impact and clinician-reported severity of motor signs of Parkinson's disease (PD), respectively. Total scores are common clinical outcomes but may obscure important time-based changes in items. We aim to analyze longitudinal disease progression based on MDS-UPRDS parts 2 and 3 item-level responses over time and as functions of Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stages 1 and 2 for subjects with early PD.

Dissecting the Domains of Parkinson's Disease: Insights from Longitudinal Item Response Theory Modeling.

Background: Longitudinal item response theory (IRT) models previously suggested that the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) motor examination has two salient domains, tremor and nontremor, that progress in time and in response to treatment differently.

Objective: Apply longitudinal IRT modeling, separating tremor and nontremor domains, to reanalyze outcomes in the previously published clinical trial (Study of Urate Elevation in Parkinson's Disease, Phase 3) that showed no overall treatment effects.

Methods: We applied unidimensional and multidimensional longitudinal IRT models to MDS-UPDRS motor examination items in 298 participants with Parkinson's disease from the Study of Urate Elevation in Parkinson's Disease, Phase 3 (placebo vs.

Bayesian inference and dynamic prediction of multivariate joint model with functional data: An application to Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder impairing multiple domains, for example, cognition and behavior. Assessing the risk of AD progression and initiating timely interventions at early stages are critical to improve the quality of life for AD patients. Due to the heterogeneous nature and complex mechanisms of AD, one single longitudinal outcome is insufficient to assess AD severity and disease progression.

Novel Approach to Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Monitoring in Clinical Trials: Longitudinal Item Response Theory Models.

Background: Although nontremor and tremor Part 3 Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale items measure different impairment domains, their distinct progression and drug responsivity remain unstudied longitudinally. The total score may obscure important time-based and treatment-based changes occurring in the individual domains.

Objective: Using the unique advantages of item response theory (IRT), we developed novel longitudinal unidimensional and multidimensional models to investigate nontremor and tremor changes occurring in an interventional Parkinson's disease (PD) study.