N6-methyladenosine-modification of USP15 regulates chemotherapy resistance by inhibiting LGALS3 ubiquitin-mediated degradation via AKT/mTOR signaling activation pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most malignant tumors and seriously threatens human health worldwide, and its incidence rate is increasing annually. USP15 is a member of the ubiquitination-specific protease (USP) family, which can regulate protein ubiquitination, thereby affecting their stability, and is dysregulated in many cancers, but its expression and regulatory mechanism in HCC are unclear. The aims of this study were to explore the role and mechanism of USP15 in regulating HCC cell stemness, proliferation, and lenvatinib resistance.

Functional regression for SERS spectrum transformation across diverse instruments.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) holds remarkable potential for the rapid and portable detection of trace molecules. However, the analysis and comparison of SERS spectra are challenging due to the diverse range of instruments used for data acquisition. In this paper, a spectra instrument transformation framework based on the penalized functional regression model (SpectraFRM) is introduced for cross-instrument mapping with subsequent machine learning classification to compare transformed spectra with standard spectra.

Optimizing Sublattice Correlation to Enhance Stability and Charge Carrier Lifetime in Mixed Halide Perovskites.

A-site cations in ABX metal halide perovskites do not contribute to the frontier electronic states. They influence optoelectronic properties indirectly through interaction with the BX sublattice. By systematically investigating correlated motions of Cs cations and the PbX lattice (X = Cl, Br, I), we demonstrate that the interaction between the two subsystems depends on electronegativity and size of the X-site anion.

Electrocatalysis degradation of biochemical tail water from coking wastewater using particle electrode with persulphate.

Due to the intricate composition and recalcitrant nature of coking wastewater, the biochemical effluent often fails to meet standards. This study explored the preparation of particle electrodes, utilizing activated carbon powder (PAC) loading single-element Fe, Co, and Ni, as well as dual-element Ni-Fe and Co-Fe as catalyst. The particle electrode system was integrated with persulphate (PS) activation to enhance its performance.

Nose to Brain: Exploring the Progress of Intranasal Delivery of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers.

The intranasal (IN) route of drug delivery can effectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier and deliver drugs directly to the brain for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders via intra-neuronal or extra-neuronal pathways. This approach has several advantages, including avoidance of first-pass metabolism, high bioavailability, ease of administration, and improved patient compliance. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have been conducted using drugs encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and delivering them to the brain via the IN pathway.

Multi-targeted olink proteomics analyses of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: The complexity of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) may require the simultaneous analysis of variant types of protein biomarkers to describe it more accurately. In this study, we analyzed for the first time the alterations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins in patients with aSAH by multi-targeted Olink proteomics, aiming to reveal the pathophysiology of DCI and provide insights into the diagnosis and treatment of aSAH.

Methods: Six aSAH patients and six control patients were selected, and CSF samples were analyzed by Olink Proteomics (including 96-neurology panel and 96-inflammation panel) based on Proximity Extension Assay (PEA).

Identification of Potential Feature Genes in CRSwNP Using Bioinformatics Analysis and Machine Learning Strategies.

Purpose: The pathogenesis of CRSwNP is complex and not yet fully explored, so we aimed to identify the pivotal hub genes and associated pathways of CRSwNP, to facilitate the detection of novel diagnostic or therapeutic targets.

Methods: Utilizing two CRSwNP sequencing datasets from GEO, differential expression gene analysis, WGCNA, and three machine learning methods (LASSO, RF and SVM-RFE) were applied to screen for hub genes. A diagnostic model was then formulated utilizing hub genes, and the AUC was generated to evaluate the performance of the prognostic model and candidate genes.

Effects of tire wear particle on growth, extracellular polymeric substance production and oxidation stress of algae Chlorella vulgaris: Performance and mechanism.

Tire wear particles (TWP) represent a distinctive form of microplastics (MPs) that are widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems. However, the toxicity of various types of TWP on phytoplankton remain to be further explored. Thus, three different TWPs originating from replaced bicycle, car, and electro-mobile tire (marked as BTWP, CTWP, and ETWP) were selected and their long-term biological influences on Chlorella vulgaris were investigated.

Metabolome and transcriptome integration reveals cerebral cortical metabolic profiles in rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe subtype of hemorrhagic stroke. The molecular mechanisms of its secondary brain damage remain obscure. To investigate the alterations in gene and metabolite levels following SAH, we construct the transcriptome and metabolome profiles of the rat cerebral cortex post-SAH using whole transcriptome sequencing and untargeted metabolomics assays.

Microglia in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus sense hemodynamic disturbance and promote sympathetic excitation in hypertension.

Hypertension is usually accompanied by elevated sympathetic tonicity, but how sympathetic hyperactivity is triggered is not clear. Recent advances revealed that microglia-centered neuroinflammation contributes to sympathetic excitation in hypertension. In this study, we performed a temporospatial analysis of microglia at both morphological and transcriptomic levels and found that microglia in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a sympathetic center, were early responders to hypertensive challenges.

Magnetic Structure-Dependent Ultrafast Spin Relaxation in Magnet CrI: A Time-Domain ab Initio Study.

Two-dimensional magnet CrI is a promising candidate for spintronic devices. Using nonadiabatic molecular dynamics and noncollinear spin time-dependent density functional theory, we investigated hole spin relaxation in two-dimensional CrI and its dependence on magnetic configurations, impacted by spin-orbit and electron-phonon interactions. Driven by in-plane and out-of-plane iodine motions, the relaxation rates vary, extending from over half a picosecond in ferromagnetic systems to tens of femtoseconds in certain antiferromagnetic states due to significant spin fluctuations, associated with the nonadiabatic spin-flip in tuning to the adiabatic flip.

Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics in Momentum Space Beyond Harmonic Approximation: Hot Electron Relaxation in Photoexcited Black Phosphorus.

We simulated hot-electron relaxation in black phosphorus using the nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NA-MD) approach with a non-Condon effect in momentum space beyond the harmonic approximation. By comparing simulations at the Γ point in a large supercell with those using a few -points in a smaller supercell─while maintaining the same number of electronic states within the same energy range, we demonstrate that both setups yield remarkably consistent energy relaxation times, regardless of the initial state energy. This consistency arises from the complementary effects of supercell size in real space and the number of -points in the reciprocal space.

Identification of pivotal genes and regulatory networks associated with atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.

Objective: Bioinformatics methods were applied to investigate the pivotal genes and regulatory networks associated with atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) and provide new insights for the treatment of this disease.

Methods: The study utilized five ACAS datasets (GSE100927, GSE11782, GESE28829, GSE41571, and GSE43292) downloaded from the NCBI GEO database. The first four datasets were combined as the training set ( = 99), while GSE43292 ( = 64) was used as the validation set.

Roles of a newly lethal cuticular structural protein, AaCPR100A, and its upstream interaction protein, G12-like, in Aedes aegypti.

Mosquitoes form a vital group of vector insects, which can transmit various diseases and filarial worms. The cuticle is a critical structure that protects mosquitoes from adverse environmental conditions and penetration resistance. Thus, cuticle proteins can be used as potential targets for controlling the mosquito population.

Orthogonal multimodality integration and clustering in single-cell data.

Multimodal integration combines information from different sources or modalities to gain a more comprehensive understanding of a phenomenon. The challenges in multi-omics data analysis lie in the complexity, high dimensionality, and heterogeneity of the data, which demands sophisticated computational tools and visualization methods for proper interpretation and visualization of multi-omics data. In this paper, we propose a novel method, termed Orthogonal Multimodality Integration and Clustering (OMIC), for analyzing CITE-seq.

Renal macrophages monitor and remove particles from urine to prevent tubule obstruction.

When the filtrate of the glomerulus flows through the renal tubular system, various microscopic sediment particles, including mineral crystals, are generated. Dislodging these particles is critical to ensuring the free flow of filtrate, whereas failure to remove them will result in kidney stone formation and obstruction. However, the underlying mechanism for the clearance is unclear.

Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics with Non-Condon Effect of Charge Carrier Dynamics.

Nonradiative multiphonon transitions play a crucial role in understanding charge carrier dynamics. To capture the non-Condon effect in nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NA-MD), we develop a simple and accurate method to calculate noncrossing and crossing k-point NA coupling in momentum space on an equal footing and implement it with a trajectory surface hopping algorithm. Multiple k-point MD trajectories can provide sufficient nonzero momentum multiphonons coupled to electrons, and the momentum conservation is maintained during nonvertical electron transition.

Electron- versus Spin-Phonon Coupling Governs the Temperature-Dependent Carrier Dynamics in the Topological Insulator BiTe.

Ultrafast charge and spin dynamics have immense effects on the applications of topological insulators (TIs). By performing spin-adiabatic nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations in the presence of electron-phonon (-) and spin-phonon couplings, we investigate temperature-dependent intra- and interband charge and spin relaxation dynamics via the bulk and surface paths in the three-dimensional TI BiTe. The - coupling dominates charge relaxation in the bulk path, and the relaxation rate is positively correlated with temperature due to the large energy gaps and weak spin polarization.

Electrocatalytic degradation of nitrogenous heterocycles on confined particle electrodes derived from ZIF-67.

Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds (NHCs) are hazardous, toxic, and persistent pollutants, thereby requiring urgent solutions. Herein, ZIF-67 was compounded with powder-activated carbon (PAC) to prepare Co/NC/PAC (NC i.e.

Early-life prophylactic antibiotic treatment disturbs the stability of the gut microbiota and increases susceptibility to H9N2 AIV in chicks.

Background: Antibiotics are widely used for prophylactic therapy and for improving the growth performance of chicken. The problem of bacterial drug resistance caused by antibiotic abuse has previously attracted extensive attention; however, the influence of early-day use of prophylactic antibiotics on the gut microflora and on the disease resistance ability in chicks has not been explored. Here, we comprehensively evaluate the growth performance, gut microbial dynamics, level of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbial community, and resistance to H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) in chickens following long-term and short-term early-day prophylactic antibiotic treatment.

Ab Initio Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics of Ultrafast Demagnetization in Iron.

Ultrafast demagnetization in magnetic metals is the key to spintronics devices. Taking iron as a prototypical system, we investigate the demagnetization mechanism by simulating the charge and spin dynamics using nonadiabatic molecular dynamics in the presence of explicit spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Strong SOC drives ultrafast spin-flip of electrons and holes, which trigger demagnetization and remagnetization, respectively.