Modification of LiMnO Cathodes to Boost Kinetics Match via rGO for High-Performance Rocking-Chair Lithium-Ion Capacitors.

The rocking-chair lithium-ion capacitors (RLICs), composed of a battery-type cathode and capacitive-type anode, alleviates the issue of increased internal resistance caused by electrolyte consumption during the cycling process of the lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). However, the poor conductivity of cathode materials and the mismatch between the cathode and anode are the key issues that hinder its commercial application. In this work, a modification simplification strategy is proposed to tailor the conductivity of the cathode and matching characteristic with the anode.

Luminescence of Sm in double perovskite-type BaSrWO for insect trapping.

The predominant method for pest control has been the use of pesticides, which have been shown to have detrimental effects on soil, freshwater, and crop quality. Therefore, the development of novel and sustainable crop protection strategies has become increasingly imperative. In this study, a novel orange-red emitting BaSrWO: Sm phosphor was synthesized using the high-temperature solid-state reaction.

Synthesis, supramolecular aggregation, and NIR-II phosphorescence of isocyanorhodium(i) zwitterions.

Development of new second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) luminophores is highly desirable, and d square-planar metal complexes with NIR-II phosphorescence have been rarely reported. Herein, we explore an asymmetric coordination paradigm to achieve the first creation of NIR-II phosphorescent isocyanorhodium(i) zwitterions. They show a strong tendency for aggregation in solution, arising from close Rh(i)⋯Rh(i) contacts that are further intensified by π-π stacking interactions and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic effect.

Monitoring chlorophyll changes during Tencha processing using portable near-infrared spectroscopy.

Monitoring chlorophyll during Tencha (the raw ingredient for matcha) processing is critical for determining the matcha's color and quality. The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of chlorophyll changes during Tencha processing and evaluate the viability of predicting its content by a portable near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer. The Tencha samples' spectral data were first preprocessed using various preprocessing techniques.

Synthesis of CoNiO (0 < x < 1.0) hexagonal nanostructures as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.

Designing low-cost and high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is vitally important for water splitting. Herein, we synthesize Co2-xNixO2 (0 < x < 1.0) hexagonal nanosheets with different Co/Ni molar ratios via a facile coprecipitation process followed by calcination under an Ar atmosphere.

Trimethylphosphate as a Methylating Agent for Cross Coupling: A Slow-Release Mechanism for the Methylation of Arylboronic Esters.

A methyl group on an arene, despite its small size, can have a profound influence on biologically active molecules. Typical methods to form a methylarene involve strong nucleophiles or strong and often toxic electrophiles. We report a strategy for a new, highly efficient, copper and iodide co-catalyzed methylation of aryl- and heteroarylboronic esters with the mild, nontoxic reagent trimethylphosphate, which has not been used previously in coupling reactions.

Characterization of active compounds from Gracilaria lemaneiformis inhibiting the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activity.

Gracilaria lemaneiformis, an edible alga, with various bioactivities is a traditional dish and a favorite food. In the present study, its n-hexane extract showed strong protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity after screening. To understand the activity composition, nineteen compounds were identified from this extract by GC-MS.

Markovnikov-Selective Palladium Catalyst for Carbonylation of Alkynes with Heteroarenes.

A new class of palladium catalysts, based on heterocyclic diphosphines, was rationally designed and synthesized. Application of one of these catalysts allows novel Markovnikov-selective carbonylation of non-activated alkynes with heteroarenes to give the corresponding branched α,β-unsaturated ketones in excellent yields (up to 97 %) and regioselectivities (b/l up to 99:1). In addition to heteroarenes, other common nucloephiles (alcohol, phenol, amine, and amide) furnish the desired carbonylation products smoothly in high yields.

Rapid prediction and identification of lipase inhibitors in volatile oil from Pinus massoniana L. needles.

A facile method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and molecular docking was established to analyze, identify, and predict lipase inhibitors in volatile oil from Pinus massoniana L. needles (PMLN). The volatile oil, with an IC value of 15.

Rational approach to solvent system selection for liquid-liquid extraction-assisted sample pretreatment in counter-current chromatography.

A rational liquid-liquid extraction approach was established to pre-treat samples for high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). n-Hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (4:5:4:5, v/v) and (1:5:1:5, v/v) were selected as solvent systems for liquid-liquid extraction by systematically screening K of target compounds to remove low- and high-polarity impurities in the sample, respectively. After liquid-liquid extraction was performed, 1.

DNA Deformation-Coupled Recognition of 8-Oxoguanine: Conformational Kinetic Gating in Human DNA Glycosylase.

8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a mutagenic DNA lesion generated under oxidative stress, differs from its precursor guanine by only two substitutions (O and H). Human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) can locate and remove 8-oxoG through extrusion and excision. To date, it remains unclear how OGG1 efficiently distinguishes 8-oxoG from a large excess of undamaged DNA bases.

The scope and mechanism of palladium-catalysed Markovnikov alkoxycarbonylation of alkenes.

Hydroesterification reactions represent a fundamental type of carbonylation reaction and constitute one of the most important industrial applications of homogeneous catalysis. Over the past 70 years, numerous catalyst systems have been developed that allow for highly linear-selective (anti-Markovnikov) reactions and are used in industry to produce linear carboxylates starting from olefins. In contrast, a general catalyst system for Markovnikov-selective alkoxycarbonylation of aliphatic olefins remains unknown.

Bioassay-guided isolation of an active compound with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity from Sargassum fusiforme by high-speed counter-current chromatography.

A rapid and efficient method using high-speed counter-current chromatography was established for the bioassay-guided separation of an active compound with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity from Sargassum fusiforme. Under the bioassay guidance, the ethyl acetate extract with the best IC value of 0.37 ± 0.

Selective Palladium-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Olefins to Branched Amides.

A general and efficient protocol for iso-selective aminocarbonylation of olefins with aliphatic amines has been developed for the first time. Key to the success for this process is the use of a specific 2-phosphino-substituted pyrrole ligand in the presence of PdX (X=halide) as a pre-catalyst. Bulk industrial and functionalized olefins react with various aliphatic amines, including amino-acid derivatives, to give the corresponding branched amides generally in good yields (up to 99 %) and regioselectivities (b/l up to 99:1).

Palladium-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Allylic Alcohols.

A benign and efficient palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation reaction of allylic alcohols is presented. The generality of this novel process is demonstrated by the synthesis of β,γ-unsaturated amides including aliphatic, cinnamyl, and terpene derivatives. The choice of ligand is crucial for optimal carbonylation processes: Whereas in most cases the combination of PdCl2 with Xantphos (L6) gave best results, sterically hindered substrates performed better in the presence of simple triphenylphosphine (L10), and primary anilines gave the best results using cataCXium® PCy (L8).

Palladium-catalysed hydroamidocarbonylation of 1,3-dienes.

Herein, we report our recent result on the development of the selective catalytic method towards the synthesis of β,γ-unsaturated imides via Pd-catalysed hydroamidocarbonylation of conjugated dienes. Note that this reaction proceeds under acid additive free conditions. Various dienes, including those of high industrial value (e.

A dynamic checkpoint in oxidative lesion discrimination by formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase.

In contrast to proteins recognizing small-molecule ligands, DNA-dependent enzymes cannot rely solely on interactions in the substrate-binding centre to achieve their exquisite specificity. It is widely believed that substrate recognition by such enzymes involves a series of conformational changes in the enzyme-DNA complex with sequential gates favoring cognate DNA and rejecting nonsubstrates. However, direct evidence for such mechanism is limited to a few systems.

Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroamidocarbonylation of Olefins to Imides.

Carbonylation reactions allow the efficient synthesis of all kinds of carbonyl-containing compounds. Here, we report a straightforward synthesis of various imides from olefins and CO for the first time. The established hydroamidocarbonylation reaction affords imides in good yields (up to 90 %) and with good regioselectivity (up to 99:1) when applying different alkenes and amides.

Active destabilization of base pairs by a DNA glycosylase wedge initiates damage recognition.

Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) excises 8-oxoguanine (oxoG) from DNA but ignores normal guanine. We combined molecular dynamics simulation and stopped-flow kinetics with fluorescence detection to track the events in the recognition of oxoG by Fpg and its mutants with a key phenylalanine residue, which intercalates next to the damaged base, changed to either alanine (F110A) or fluorescent reporter tryptophan (F110W). Guanine was sampled by Fpg, as evident from the F110W stopped-flow traces, but less extensively than oxoG.

Selective ruthenium-catalyzed methylation of 2-arylethanols using methanol as C1 feedstock.

We describe the selective cross coupling of methanol and 2-arylethanols using a combination of Ru-MACHO (RuHCl(PNP(Ph))CO) and Shvo's diruthenium complex as catalysts. The desired domino transformation takes place via so-called borrowing hydrogen methodology, which constitutes an ideal example of green chemistry.

Selective palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of 1,3-dienes: atom-efficient synthesis of β,γ-unsaturated amides.

Carbonylation reactions constitute important methodologies for the synthesis of all kinds of carboxylic acid derivatives. The development of novel and efficient catalysts for these transformations is of interest for both academic and industrial research. Here, the first palladium-based catalyst system for the aminocarbonylation of 1,3-dienes is described.

Palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of 2-bromoanilines with 2-formylbenzoic acid and 2-halobenzaldehydes: efficient synthesis of functionalized isoindolinones.

A concise and highly versatile method for the synthesis of functionalized isoindolinones is reported. Various 2-bromoanilines undergo palladium-catalyzed carbonylation with 2-formylbenzoic acid under a convenient and mild procedure to give good to excellent yields of the corresponding isoindolinones. Additionally, 2-halobenzaldehydes can be applied as substrates in palladium-catalyzed double-carbonylation to provide identical compounds in moderate to good yields.

Palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of conjugated dienes under acid-free conditions: atom-economic synthesis of β,γ-unsaturated esters.

Carbonylation reactions constitute important methodologies for the synthesis of all kinds of carboxylic acid derivatives. The development of novel and better catalysts for these transformations is of interest for both academic and industrial research. Here, a benign palladium-based catalyst system for the alkoxycarbonylation of conjugated dienes under acid-free conditions has been developed.

A novel domino synthesis of quinazolinediones by palladium-catalyzed double carbonylation.

Combining commercially available bromoanilines and bromobenzonitriles in a novel double carbonylation process allows for a straightforward synthesis of isoindolo[1,2-b]quinazoline-10,12-diones. At least five different CC and/or CN bonds are selectively formed in this 3-component reaction, which likely proceeds through sequential carbonylation-cyclization-isomerisation-carbonylation steps. Notably, two molecules of CO are inserted in this highly efficient palladium-catalyzed process.

Aryl formate as bifunctional reagent: applications in palladium-catalyzed carbonylative coupling reactions using in situ generated CO.

After decades of development, carbonylation reactions have become one of the most powerful tools in modern organic synthesis. However, the requirement of CO gas limits the applications of such reactions. Reported herein is a versatile and practical protocol for carbonylative reactions which rely on the cooperation of phenyl formate and nonaflate, and the generation of CO in situ.