Tetracycline induces operon expression to promote biofilm formation in .

The overuse and wanton discharge of antibiotics produces a threat to bacteria in the environment, which, in turn, stimulates the more rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. actively forms biofilms to protect the population under tetracycline stress, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study found that tetracycline at sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations increased cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP), a second messenger that positively regulates biofilm formation.

Cyclic di-GMP inhibits nitrate assimilation by impairing the antitermination function of NasT in Pseudomonas putida.

The ubiquitous bacterial second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) coordinates diverse cellular processes through its downstream receptors. However, whether c-di-GMP participates in regulating nitrate assimilation is unclear. Here, we found that NasT, an antiterminator involved in nitrate assimilation in Pseudomonas putida, specifically bound c-di-GMP.