The effects of different lung parts, age, and batches on the lung microbiota of healthy rats.

Background: Rat models are valuable tools to study the lung microbiota in diseases. Yet the impacts of different lung parts, young and mature adult stages, and the different batches of the same conditions on the healthy rat lung microbiome have not been investigated.

Methods: The rat lung microbiome was analyzed to clarify the lung part-dependent and age-dependent differences and to evaluate the effects of several 'batch environmental factors' on normal rats, after eliminating potential contamination.

Water-Capture Filter Paper Separator Realizing Ambient Li-Air Battery.

Lithium-air battery (LAB) is regarded as one of the most promising energy storage systems. However, the challenges arising from the lithium metal anode have significantly impeded the progress of LAB development. In this study, cellulose-based filter paper (FP) is utilized as a separator for ambient Li-air batteries to suppress dendrite growth and prevent HO crossover.

Emerging Roles of B56 Phosphorylation and Binding Motif in PP2A-B56 Holoenzyme Biological Function.

Protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulates diverse cellular processes via the formation of ~100 heterotrimeric holoenzymes. However, a scarcity of knowledge on substrate recognition by various PP2A holoenzymes has greatly prevented the deciphering of PP2A function in phosphorylation-mediated signaling in eukaryotes. The review summarized the contribution of B56 phosphorylation to PP2A-B56 function and proposed strategies for intervening B56 phosphorylation to treat diseases associated with PP2A-B56 dysfunction; it especially analyzed recent advancements in LxxIxEx B56-binding motifs that provide the molecular details of PP2A-B56 binding specificity and, on this basis, explored the emerging role of PP2A-B56 in the mitosis process, virus attack, and cancer development through LxxIxE motif-mediated PP2A-B56 targeting.

Construction of an Immunophenoscore-Related Signature for Evaluating Prognosis and Immunotherapy Sensitivity in Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynecological malignancy in the world, and immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment. Immunophenoscore (IPS) is a robust biomarker distinguishing sensitive responders from immunotherapy. In this study, we aimed to construct a prognostic model for predicting overall survival (OS) and identifying patients who would benefit from immunotherapy.

Chronic exposure to ampicillin alters lung microbial composition in laboratory rat.

Purpose: High-throughput sequencing technologies have revealed that the lungs contain a variety of low biomass microbiota associated with various lung diseases. Rat model is an important tool to understand the possible causal relationship between pulmonary microbiota and diseases. Antibiotic exposure can alter the microbiota, however, a direct influence of long-term ampicillin exposure on commensal bacteria of healthy lungs has not been investigated, which could be useful in the study of the relation between microbiome and long-term lung diseases, especially in animal model-making of lung diseases.

Risk cognition, agricultural cooperatives training, and farmers' pesticide overuse: Evidence from Shandong Province, China.

Introduction: Pesticides are widely and excessively used in the world. Reducing pesticide overuse is an important measure to protect the environment and human health.

Methods: Based on the survey data of 518 farmers in Shandong Province, China, using the Logit model to empirically test the effect of risk cognition on farmers' pesticide overuse behavior and the moderating effect of cooperatives training on the effect of risk cognition on farmers' pesticide overuse behavior.

Projection optical engine design based on tri-color LEDs and digital light processing technology.

Digital light processing (DLP) is currently a cutting-edge technology for desktop projection optical engines. Due to the passive luminescence characteristics, the DLP projection engine needs a few specific illumination optical components for light collimation, homogenization, and color combination, together with a projection lens matching the DLP chip and magnifying the image. In this paper, we propose a design approach that first splits the DLP projection optical engine into individual components for separate design, and then integrates them into a whole system for further verification.

Comparison of Methods for the Estimation of the Maximum Oxygen Uptake of Men Drug Addicts.

Maximum oxygen uptake (VO) is an important respiratory physiological index of the aerobic endurance of the body, especially for special groups such as drug addicts, and it is an important indicator for assessing the cardiopulmonary function and formulating exercise prescriptions. Although the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) is a classic method to directly measure VO, this method is limited by factors such as cumbersome operating procedures and expensive equipment, resulting in its relatively low applicability. Recently, many studies have begun to focus on the estimation of VO in different groups of people, but few studies have focused on drug addicts.

The Effect of Physical Activity on Drug Cravings of Drug Addicts With AIDS: The Dual Mediating Effect of Internal Inhibition.

Background: As a global infectious disease, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) poses a serious threat to the safety and health of the society. In recent years, the proportion of drug addicts infected with HIV has been increased, and drug addicts became one of the main carriers of the spread of AIDS, which has attracted worldwide attention. It has been reported that physical activity has positive effects on improving the inhibitory function of drug addicts and reducing their drug craving, but the mechanism of the internal inhibition remains to be further explored.

CNN Training with Twenty Samples for Crack Detection via Data Augmentation.

The excellent generalization ability of deep learning methods, e.g., convolutional neural networks (CNNs), depends on a large amount of training data, which is difficult to obtain in industrial practices.

An Experimental Study of Step Test Index Combined With Heart Rate Variability in Estimating Maximum Oxygen Uptake in Women With Drug Use Disorder.

Background: Maximal oxygen uptake (VO), a vital physiological indicator, has been widely used in many fields. In recent years, the measurement method of VO has been widely explored in various populations, but few studies have been conducted for women drug abusers. For the importance of VO in the formulation of aerobic exercise intensity for drug users, the present study estimated VO using the step test index combined with heart rate variability in women with drug use disorder.

MICAL-L2 potentiates Cdc42-dependent EGFR stability and promotes gastric cancer cell migration.

Enhanced migration potential is a common characteristic of cancer cells induced by mechanisms that are incompletely defined. The present study was designed to investigate relationship of a new discovered cytoskeleton regulator MICAL-L2 and the endogenous epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling pathways in gastric cancer cell migration. Increased expression of MICAL-L2 in gastric cancer cells up-regulated EGFR protein level, accompanied by the increase of cell migration, whereas silencing MICAL-L2 down-regulated EGFR and inhibited cell migration.

NEDD9 Facilitates Hypoxia-Induced Gastric Cancer Cell Migration via MICAL1 Related Rac1 Activation.

Unlabelled: NEDD9 is highly expressed in gastric cancer and has a significant involvement in its pathogenesis. However, the mechanism behind hypoxia-promoted cancer cell migration and its regulation because of NEDD9 is still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the involvement of NEDD9 in gastric cancer cell migration under hypoxia and explore the underlying potential molecular mechanisms.

Adaptive Fifth-Degree Cubature Information Filter for Multi-Sensor Bearings-Only Tracking.

Standard Bayesian filtering algorithms only work well when the statistical properties of system noises are exactly known. However, this assumption is not always plausible in real target tracking applications. In this paper, we present a new estimation approach named adaptive fifth-degree cubature information filter (AFCIF) for multi-sensor bearings-only tracking (BOT) under the condition that the process noise follows zero-mean Gaussian distribution with unknown covariance.