Low-cost and environmentally friendly synthesis of an Al and Mn co-doped LiTiO composite with carbon quantum dots as an anode for lithium-ion batteries.

To increase the specific capacity and conductivity of lithium titanate (LTO), low-cost and environmentally friendly carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were used to composite with Al and Mn co-doped LiTiO (LTO-Al/Mn) to improve its electrical properties. The Al and Mn were successfully substituted for Ti located at (16d) sites in the LTO and the CQDs formed a composite with LTO-Al/Mn. The specific capacity of the first cycle at 0.