Integrated communication and sensing system based on Si-SiN dual-layer optical phased array.

Traditional free space optical communication (FSOC) and light detection and ranging (lidar) are typically separate entities. Integrated communication and sensing systems (ICSS) can harmoniously integrate environmental perception with data transmission, paving the way for efficient, safe, and intelligent vehicle. However, the performance of FSOC and lidar systems are often constrained by the traditional mechanical beam steering components, impacting beam scanning speed, system volume, and robustness.