The multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine may facilitate pyramidal cell firing by inhibition of 5-HT receptor expressing interneurons: An in vitro study in rat hippocampus slices.

The multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine is thought to mediate its pharmacological effects via 5-HT receptor agonism, 5-HT receptor partial agonism, 5-HT, 5-HT, 5-HT receptor antagonism and 5-HT transporter inhibition. Here we studied vortioxetine's functional effects across species (canine, mouse, rat, guinea pig and human) in cellular assays with heterologous expression of 5-HT receptors (in Xenopus oocytes and HEK-293 cells) and in mouse neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells with endogenous expression of 5-HT receptors. Furthermore, we studied the effects of vortioxetine on activity of CA1 Stratum Radiatum interneurons in rat hippocampus slices using current- and voltage-clamping methods.

Ginkgo biloba extract and ginkgolide antiarrhythmic potential by targeting hERG and ICa-L channel.

We investigated the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) and ginkgolide (GLD) on human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG)-encoded K(+) channels and its underlying mechanisms in the hERG-HEK293 cell line by determining GBE- and GLD-induced changes in action potential duration (APD), L-type calcium currents (ICa-L), and the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. hERG currents, APD and ICa-L were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique, the [Ca(2+)]i was examined by an immunofluorescence experiment. In the present study, we found that a low concentration of GBE (0.